<--- Run xman to see that window.
I haven't been removing older nvidia driver versions, but I did remove 3 older versions today. I'm on a GT 1030, so high-end GPUs might be completely different. My other physical machine with a GPU has an AMD and it "just works", once the kernel with support for that iGPU version was installed (which wasn't the normal kernel for my hardware and OS release).Originally Posted by ajgreeny
5 Cups of Ubuntu
I managed to get the machine to boot with nvidia-driver-470
Code:NVIDIA-SMI 470.129.06 Driver Version: 470.129.06 CUDA Version: 11.4It is showing as manually installed, which I imagine means that it won't be automatically updated. That is not a problem for now.Code:paul@clio:~$ ubuntu-drivers devices == /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.7/0000:09:00.0/0000:0a:07.0/0000:0e:00.0 == modalias : pci:v000014E4d000043A0sv00001043sd00008659bc02sc80i00 vendor : Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries model : BCM4360 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter driver : bcmwl-kernel-source - distro non-free == /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.0/0000:01:00.0 == modalias : pci:v000010DEd00001B06sv00003842sd00006696bc03sc00i00 vendor : NVIDIA Corporation model : GP102 [GeForce GTX 1080 Ti] manual_install: True driver : nvidia-driver-515 - distro non-free recommended driver : nvidia-driver-510 - distro non-free driver : nvidia-driver-510-server - distro non-free driver : nvidia-driver-515-server - distro non-free driver : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin == /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:02:00.0 == modalias : pci:v000010DEd0000128Bsv00001462sd00008C93bc03sc00i00 vendor : NVIDIA Corporation model : GK208B [GeForce GT 710] driver : nvidia-driver-418-server - distro non-free driver : nvidia-driver-470 - distro non-free driver : nvidia-driver-450-server - distro non-free driver : nvidia-driver-390 - distro non-free driver : nvidia-driver-470-server - distro non-free driver : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin
I really want to make sure /boot is now cleaned and consistent. The following commands show the situation:
Code:paul@clio:~$ uname -r 5.4.0-121-genericCode:paul@clio:~$ dpkg -l | tail -n +6 | grep -E 'linux-image-[0-9]+' rc linux-image-5.4.0-107-generic 5.4.0-107.121 amd64 Signed kernel image generic ii linux-image-5.4.0-110-generic 5.4.0-110.124 amd64 Signed kernel image generic ii linux-image-5.4.0-121-generic 5.4.0-121.137 amd64 Signed kernel image genericThere seem to be some left over images taking a lot of space:Code:paul@clio:~$ ls -lh /boot total 368M -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 233K Apr 14 13:19 config-5.4.0-110-generic -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 233K Jun 15 14:13 config-5.4.0-121-generic drwx------ 3 root root 4.0K Jan 1 1970 efi drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4.0K Jul 9 03:51 grub lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 Jul 9 03:51 initrd.img -> initrd.img-5.4.0-121-generic -rw------- 1 root root 55M Jul 9 01:02 initrd.img-5.4.0-110-generic -rw------- 1 root root 56M Jul 10 02:54 initrd.img-5.4.0-121-generic -rw------- 1 root root 111M Aug 25 2021 initrd.img-5.4.0-77-generic -rw------- 1 root root 111M Sep 8 2021 initrd.img-5.4.0-81-generic lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 Jul 9 01:05 initrd.img.old -> initrd.img-5.4.0-110-generic drwx------ 2 root root 16K Jan 22 2021 lost+found -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 179K Aug 18 2020 memtest86+.bin -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 181K Aug 18 2020 memtest86+.elf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 181K Aug 18 2020 memtest86+_multiboot.bin -rw------- 1 root root 4.6M Apr 14 13:19 System.map-5.4.0-110-generic -rw------- 1 root root 4.6M Jun 15 14:13 System.map-5.4.0-121-generic lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Jul 9 01:01 vmlinuz -> vmlinuz-5.4.0-121-generic -rw------- 1 root root 14M Apr 14 13:56 vmlinuz-5.4.0-110-generic -rw------- 1 root root 14M Jun 15 14:18 vmlinuz-5.4.0-121-generic lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Jul 9 01:05 vmlinuz.old -> vmlinuz-5.4.0-110-generic
initrd.img-5.4.0-77-generic
initrd.img-5.4.0-81-generic
Can I just delete these files ? Are there any other places where bits of these old kernels might be lieing around ? I don't know how the system got into such a state, but it has persisted for a long time as all attempts to fix it failed. Finally, thanks to help on this forum, things seem to be getting better.
Super Master Roaster
You may want to also check /lib/modules & /usr/src.
Sometimes best way to fix it to reinstall, so all the bits are there. Then the uninstall works. When you have some files, but not others, you have to manually house clean everything.
I also like synaptic but sometimes use command line.
ls /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image*
ls -al /usr/src/
ls -al /lib/modules/
ls -al /boot/
dpkg -l | grep linux-
ls -al /boot/vmlinuz* /boot/initrd.img*
UEFI boot install & repair info - Regularly Updated :
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2147295
Please use Thread Tools above first post to change to [Solved] when/if answered completely.
Ubuntu Member
If the kernel is removed, then you can clean up with:
Code:sudo dpkg -P linux-image-5.4.0-107-generic
<--- Run xman to see that window.
There is an overriding rule about packages and files.
Never manually delete a file from the system areas that was installed with a package and expected to be part of the package removal, except through the package manager. This is because when it is time for the package management system to remove a package, it is going to try to remove all the files it installed and expect to still be there. If 1 of those file doesn't exist, the removal will fail. That's a hassle.
So, those specific files that you believe are extra in /boot/ ... which package are they part? There are apt and dpkg commands that accept the absolute path to a file and will return the package to which they belong. Some examples:
If those files you believe are extra aren't part of any installed package on the system, then you can delete them manually. If it turns out you made a mistake, you can create a zero-length (empty) file with the exact name, and use the normal APT methods to remove the package and it will remove those empty files. I suppose there's a -f (force) option, but sometimes it is just easier and safer to avoid that during removals.Code:dpkg -l {part-of-package-name}* # list package names based on specific file location dpkg -S /usr/bin/passwd dpkg-query --search '/path/to/file' apt-file search vim # list of files in a known package: dpkg-query -L {pkg-name}
BTW,
is a more helpful command to see about space in /boot.Code:$ df -Th /boot
5 Cups of Ubuntu
I checked /usr/src and it looks good. However /lib/modules looks wrong. There are a lot of folders for kernels that are no longer installed.
Code:paul@clio:~$ dpkg -l | tail -n +6 | grep -E 'linux-image-[0-9]+' rc linux-image-5.4.0-107-generic 5.4.0-107.121 amd64 Signed kernel image generic ii linux-image-5.4.0-110-generic 5.4.0-110.124 amd64 Signed kernel image generic ii linux-image-5.4.0-121-generic 5.4.0-121.137 amd64 Signed kernel image genericThese old kernels are not found by the package manager, and I believe are the result of many failed attempts to clean up the kernels. Is it safe to just delete everything except modules for packages 107, 110 and 121 ?Code:paul@clio:~$ ls -l /lib/modules total 60 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jul 9 03:51 5.4.0-100-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jul 9 03:51 5.4.0-107-generic drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jul 9 01:21 5.4.0-110-generic drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jul 10 02:54 5.4.0-121-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 3 2021 5.4.0-65-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 3 2021 5.4.0-66-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 3 2021 5.4.0-67-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 3 2021 5.4.0-70-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 3 2021 5.4.0-71-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 3 2021 5.4.0-72-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 23 15:19 5.4.0-73-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 23 15:20 5.4.0-74-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 23 15:20 5.4.0-77-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 23 15:32 5.4.0-81-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 23 15:34 5.4.0-88-generic
<--- Run xman to see that window.
/lib/modules is for kernel module packages. You should remove those that aren't matched to one of the kernels still installed. Remove the PACKAGES, not the files. Let the package manager deal with the files.
Here's mine:
I haven't manually removed any module packages, so on a properly working system, apt should be addressing those as needed. Just run autoremove and autoclean every few weeks.Code:$ ls -F /lib/modules 5.4.0-120-generic/ 5.4.0-121-generic/ 5.4.0-89-generic/
Ubuntu addict and loving it
Look for the packages providing these modules directories. For example (on my system):This tells me that this directory in modules is provided by the linux-headers-..., the linux-modules-extra-... and the linux-modules-... packages, not by the linux-image-... package. Then remove those packages.Code:dpkg --search /lib/modules/5.15.0-40-generic/ linux-headers-5.15.0-40-generic, linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-40-generic, linux-modules-5.15.0-40-generic: /lib/modules/5.15.0-40-generic
5 Cups of Ubuntu
The packages appear to have already been removed. Somehow the system got itself into a horribly inconsistent state. However things seem to be better now - I have freed space on /boot and my graphics driver is working.
I am going to remove the superfluous files manually.Code:dpkg --search /lib/modules/5.4.0-{65,66,67,70,71,72,73,74,77,81,88}-generic/ dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /lib/modules/5.4.0-65-generic/ dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /lib/modules/5.4.0-66-generic/ dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /lib/modules/5.4.0-67-generic/ dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /lib/modules/5.4.0-70-generic/ dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /lib/modules/5.4.0-71-generic/ dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /lib/modules/5.4.0-72-generic/ dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /lib/modules/5.4.0-73-generic/ dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /lib/modules/5.4.0-74-generic/ dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /lib/modules/5.4.0-77-generic/ dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /lib/modules/5.4.0-81-generic/ dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /lib/modules/5.4.0-88-generic/
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