Do you get grub menu? or if BIOS install hold shift key from vendor UEFI/BIOS screen, or if UEFI press Escape key just after UEFI/BIOS screen.
Then boot recovery mode?
If you can boot live installer, you can get lots of detail on your system.
Have you updated UEFI/BIOS firmware to latest available. And if SSD its firmware?
Even older system may have an update. My system from 2017 had several updates, but nothing lately.
Compare to vendors support site
sudo dmidecode -s bios-version
udisksctl status
Summary hardware info
inxi -Fxz
Even more concise
inxi -bz
If older system with limited hardware Ubuntu is too much system. It now is for newer systems.
Ubuntu would not even install on my 2006 laptop, even though server & Kubuntu did install.
https://ubuntu.com/download/flavours
Light weight flavors:
Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Ubuntu MATE, Budgie
Flavors of Ubuntu only come with three years of supported life (five years applies to Ubuntu Desktop, Ubuntu Server but not flavors)