So, whenever using lvextend, **always** add the -r switch. This will do the resize2fs automatically.
I think your VM storage is the real issue long term. You can easily cut that 50% to get some flexibility back for your LVM setup. Probably best to do that from a Try Ubuntu boot so nothing gets mounted. Definitely backup anything you cannot lose first. And use lvreduce -r (so it resizes the file system at the same time).
If this storage is on SSDs, leaving 20% unused should vastly increase the lifespan of the SSD. Add in another 10% so you can easily have snapshots for backup purposes and you'd be doing well. That will make a trivial 2G out of space issue 5 seconds to solve in any LV in the same VG. Being able to quickly add 1-10GB to an LV is key. That's what not having the entire VG used up is good at.
BTW, none of us knew all this when we started with LVM. Experience is the best teacher. I once lost 80% of my personal data due to a bad LVM decision about 20 yrs ago. Of course, at the time, I thought I was being brilliant and taking advantage of the capabilities of LVM. 1 disk in a 3 disk RAID0 failed. It wasn't good. I bet those 3 disks are on a shelf here somewhere ... because I couldn't take the idea that the data was all gone. Someday, I'd get it all back, right?
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