Legacy Kernel bugs involving BIOS-e820, AGP, and PCI-DMA
I have an emachines®/acer® EL1210-09 in prep for projector duty at a house of worship. The hardware on this EL1210 consists of an nVIDIA® nForce® 780a SLI chipset (the planar C77 geForce GPU by-passed in favor of an add-on GF119), Advance Micro Devices Inc. Athlon LE-1620 single-core (P/N ADH1620IAA5DH), Micro Star International N610GT-1GD3-LP (nVIDIA® GF119, 1 GiB GDDR-3), and secondary storage, powered by a Shuttle® PC6300001 (replaced the stock 220W LITEON®, which had a specvio - no +3.3VDC to SATA Power). As of 31 July 2021 I'm running 5.8.0-63 with 5.4.0-82 as a backup; both kernels are armed with appropriate modules for the GF119 CUDA from nVIDIA Corporation (packages linux-*-nvidia-390-5.8.0-63-generic, linux-*-nvidia-390-5.4.0-82-generic); I am treating nvidia-340 (for the by-passed planar C77) as a WontFix for screen and user-interface lock-ups.
In the K8, Advance Micro Devices used a graphic address remapping table to accommodate memory-mapped I/O, a then-new requirement for Microsoft® Windows® NT™ 5.x (viz., 2000 Pro and XP). The following redact of /var/log/dmesg was recorded after three reboots on 30 July 2021 for the purpose of adjusting Kernel parameters; Phoenix Award WorkstationBIOS R01.A0 (stock; as delivered with Microsoft® Windows® 6.0.6000) is apparently unable to report the AGP Aperture Size (currently set to 128 MB) or Location to the Kernel, and I don't have the docs necessary to build a Coreboot firmware for the EL1210's stock DAO78L Boxer planar.
Is the false "no aperture memory hole" fixable for Kernels 5.0-up; or is the Kernel Project treating the "no memory hole" as a WontFix (or -- oje! -- a CantFix)? If fixable, what measures will be necessary?Code:[ 0.000000] kernel: Linux version 5.8.0-63-generic (buildd@lgw01-amd64-035) (gcc (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) 9.3.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.34) #71~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jul 15 17:46:08 UTC 2021 (Ubuntu 5.8.0-63.71~20.04.1-generic 5.8.18) [ 0.000000] kernel: Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-5.8.0-63-generic root=UUID=c4248af1-a4cf-49a2-ba18-4de2c65c815c ro hashdist=0 mce=bios_cmci_threshold acpi_force_32bit_fadt_addr numa=off agp=off pcie_aspm=off hpet=verbose [ 0.000000] kernel: KERNEL supported cpus: [ 0.000000] kernel: Intel GenuineIntel [ 0.000000] kernel: AMD AuthenticAMD [ 0.000000] kernel: Hygon HygonGenuine [ 0.000000] kernel: Centaur CentaurHauls [ 0.000000] kernel: zhaoxin Shanghai [ 0.000000] kernel: x86/fpu: x87 FPU will use FXSAVE [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-provided physical RAM map: [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009e7ff] usable [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009e800-0x000000000009ffff] reserved [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000f0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000b7eeffff] usable [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000b7ef0000-0x00000000b7ef2fff] ACPI NVS [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000b7ef3000-0x00000000b7efffff] ACPI data [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000b8000000-0x00000000bfffffff] reserved [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000f0000000-0x00000000f3ffffff] reserved [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000013fffffff] usable [ 0.000000] kernel: ACPI: Forcing 32 Bit FADT addresses [ 0.000000] kernel: NX (Execute Disable) protection: active [ 0.000000] kernel: SMBIOS 2.5 present. [ 0.000000] kernel: DMI: eMachines EL1210-09/WMCP78M, BIOS R01-A0 09/23/2008 [ 0.000000] kernel: tsc: Fast TSC calibration using PIT [ 0.000000] kernel: tsc: Detected 2400.010 MHz processor [ 0.003764] kernel: e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff] usable ==> reserved [ 0.003766] kernel: e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x000fffff] usable [ 0.010183] kernel: AGP: No AGP bridge found [ 0.010244] kernel: last_pfn = 0x140000 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000 [ 0.010249] kernel: MTRR default type: uncachable [ 0.010250] kernel: MTRR fixed ranges enabled: [ 0.010252] kernel: 00000-9FFFF write-back [ 0.010253] kernel: A0000-BFFFF uncachable [ 0.010254] kernel: C0000-CFFFF write-protect [ 0.010255] kernel: D0000-D7FFF uncachable [ 0.010256] kernel: D8000-DFFFF write-protect [ 0.010258] kernel: E0000-FFFFF uncachable [ 0.010259] kernel: MTRR variable ranges enabled: [ 0.010261] kernel: 0 base 0000000000 mask FF80000000 write-back [ 0.010263] kernel: 1 base 0080000000 mask FFC0000000 write-back [ 0.010264] kernel: 2 base 0100000000 mask FFC0000000 write-back [ 0.010265] kernel: 3 disabled [ 0.010266] kernel: 4 disabled [ 0.010267] kernel: 5 disabled [ 0.010267] kernel: 6 disabled [ 0.010268] kernel: 7 disabled [ 0.010269] kernel: TOM2: 0000000140000000 aka 5120M [ 0.010610] kernel: x86/PAT: Configuration [0-7]: WB WC UC- UC WB WP UC- WT [ 0.010717] kernel: e820: update [mem 0xc0000000-0xffffffff] usable ==> reserved [ 0.010717] kernel: e820: update [mem 0xc0000000-0xffffffff] usable ==> reserved [ 0.010724] kernel: last_pfn = 0xb7ef0 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000 [ 0.012902] kernel: found SMP MP-table at [mem 0x000f4020-0x000f402f] [ 0.019507] kernel: check: Scanning 1 areas for low memory corruption [ 0.019880] kernel: RAMDISK: [mem 0x30ff3000-0x347f0fff] [ 0.019894] kernel: ACPI: Early table checksum verification disabled [ 0.019901] kernel: ACPI: RSDP 0x00000000000F82B0 000014 (v00 GATEWA) [ 0.019905] kernel: ACPI: RSDT 0x00000000B7EF3000 00003C (v01 GATEWA SYSTEM 42302E31 NVDA 00000000) [ 0.019913] kernel: ACPI: FACP 0x00000000B7EF3080 000074 (v01 GATEWA SYSTEM 42302E31 NVDA 00000000) [ 0.019919] kernel: ACPI BIOS Warning (bug): Optional FADT field Pm2ControlBlock has valid Length but zero Address: 0x0000000000000000/0x1 (20200528/tbfadt-615) [ 0.019925] kernel: ACPI: DSDT 0x00000000B7EF3100 00AE39 (v01 GATEWA SYSTEM 00001000 MSFT 03000000) [ 0.019930] kernel: ACPI: FACS 0x00000000B7EF1800 000040 [ 0.019934] kernel: ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000B7EFE000 000136 (v01 PTLTD POWERNOW 00000001 LTP 00000001) [ 0.019938] kernel: ACPI: HPET 0x00000000B7EFE140 000038 (v01 GATEWA SYSTEM 42302E31 NVDA 00000098) [ 0.019943] kernel: ACPI: SLIC 0x00000000B7EFE180 000176 (v01 GATEWA SYSTEM 42302E31 NVDA 00000000) [ 0.019947] kernel: ACPI: MCFG 0x00000000B7EFE300 00003C (v01 GATEWA SYSTEM 42302E31 NVDA 00000000) [ 0.019952] kernel: ACPI: APIC 0x00000000B7EFDF40 00008E (v01 GATEWA SYSTEM 42302E31 NVDA 00000000) [ 0.019956] kernel: ACPI: Reserving FACP table memory at [mem 0xb7ef3080-0xb7ef30f3] [ 0.019958] kernel: ACPI: Reserving DSDT table memory at [mem 0xb7ef3100-0xb7efdf38] [ 0.019959] kernel: ACPI: Reserving FACS table memory at [mem 0xb7ef1800-0xb7ef183f] [ 0.019961] kernel: ACPI: Reserving SSDT table memory at [mem 0xb7efe000-0xb7efe135] [ 0.019963] kernel: ACPI: Reserving HPET table memory at [mem 0xb7efe140-0xb7efe177] [ 0.019964] kernel: ACPI: Reserving SLIC table memory at [mem 0xb7efe180-0xb7efe2f5] [ 0.019966] kernel: ACPI: Reserving MCFG table memory at [mem 0xb7efe300-0xb7efe33b] [ 0.019967] kernel: ACPI: Reserving APIC table memory at [mem 0xb7efdf40-0xb7efdfcd] [ 0.019979] kernel: ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee00000 [ 0.020058] kernel: NUMA turned off [ 0.020060] kernel: Faking a node at [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000013fffffff] [ 0.020074] kernel: NODE_DATA(0) allocated [mem 0x13ffd3000-0x13fffcfff] [ 0.020767] kernel: Zone ranges: [ 0.020768] kernel: DMA [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x0000000000ffffff] [ 0.020770] kernel: DMA32 [mem 0x0000000001000000-0x00000000ffffffff] [ 0.020772] kernel: Normal [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000013fffffff] [ 0.020773] kernel: Device empty [ 0.020775] kernel: Movable zone start for each node [ 0.020780] kernel: Early memory node ranges [ 0.020782] kernel: node 0: [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x000000000009dfff] [ 0.020783] kernel: node 0: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000b7eeffff] [ 0.020785] kernel: node 0: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000013fffffff] [ 0.020787] kernel: Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x000000013fffffff] [ 0.020789] kernel: On node 0 totalpages: 1015437 [ 0.020791] kernel: DMA zone: 64 pages used for memmap [ 0.020791] kernel: DMA zone: 21 pages reserved [ 0.020793] kernel: DMA zone: 3997 pages, LIFO batch:0 [ 0.021714] kernel: DMA zone: 28771 pages in unavailable ranges [ 0.021716] kernel: DMA32 zone: 11708 pages used for memmap [ 0.021717] kernel: DMA32 zone: 749296 pages, LIFO batch:63 [ 0.041404] kernel: DMA32 zone: 272 pages in unavailable ranges [ 0.041406] kernel: Normal zone: 4096 pages used for memmap [ 0.041407] kernel: Normal zone: 262144 pages, LIFO batch:63 [ 0.048540] kernel: Detected use of extended apic ids on hypertransport bus ... [ 0.087966] kernel: AGP: Checking aperture... [ 0.094380] kernel: AGP: No AGP bridge found [ 0.094383] kernel: AGP: Node 0: aperture [bus addr 0x1c000000-0x1dffffff] (32MB) [ 0.094385] kernel: Aperture pointing to e820 RAM. Ignoring. [ 0.094386] kernel: AGP: Your BIOS doesn't leave an aperture memory hole [ 0.094388] kernel: AGP: Please enable the IOMMU option in the BIOS setup [ 0.094389] kernel: AGP: This costs you 64MB of RAM [ 0.094393] kernel: AGP: Mapping aperture over RAM [mem 0xac000000-0xafffffff] (65536KB) ... [ 0.217749] kernel: PCI: MMCONFIG for domain 0000 [bus 00-3f] at [mem 0xf0000000-0xf3ffffff] (base 0xf0000000) [ 0.217902] kernel: PCI: MMCONFIG at [mem 0xf0000000-0xf3ffffff] reserved in E820 [ 0.218022] kernel: PCI: Using configuration type 1 for base access ... [ 0.223028] kernel: ACPI: Added _OSI(Module Device) [ 0.223127] kernel: ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Device) [ 0.223225] kernel: ACPI: Added _OSI(3.0 _SCP Extensions) [ 0.223325] kernel: ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Aggregator Device) [ 0.223427] kernel: ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Dell-Video) [ 0.223526] kernel: ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Lenovo-NV-HDMI-Audio) [ 0.223628] kernel: ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-HPI-Hybrid-Graphics) [ 0.239627] kernel: ACPI: 2 ACPI AML tables successfully acquired and loaded [ 0.240393] kernel: ACPI Error: AE_NOT_FOUND, While resolving a named reference package element - \_PR_.CPU0 (20200528/dspkginit-438) [ 0.244169] kernel: ACPI: Interpreter enabled [ 0.244289] kernel: ACPI: (supports S0 S3 S4 S5) [ 0.244386] kernel: ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing [ 0.244524] kernel: PCI: Using host bridge windows from ACPI; if necessary, use "pci=nocrs" and report a bug [ 0.245300] kernel: ACPI: Enabled 11 GPEs in block 00 to 1F [ 0.273880] kernel: ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (domain 0000 [bus 00-05]) [ 0.273997] kernel: acpi PNP0A08:00: _OSC: OS supports [ExtendedConfig Segments MSI HPX-Type3] [ 0.274302] kernel: acpi PNP0A08:00: _OSC: not requesting OS control; OS requires [ExtendedConfig ASPM ClockPM MSI] [ 0.276703] kernel: PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00 ... [ 0.804145] kernel: PCI-DMA: Disabling AGP. [ 0.804315] kernel: PCI-DMA: aperture base @ ac000000 size 65536 KB [ 0.804418] kernel: PCI-DMA: using GART IOMMU. [ 0.804516] kernel: PCI-DMA: Reserving 64MB of IOMMU area in the AGP aperture ...
Addendum: I cannot enlarge the AGP Node 0 aperture on the EL1210; but the available settings yield different errors. With VideoMemory = 256 MB and GPU = Onboard, the AGP portion of DMesg yields (ref: dmesg.20210830):
Anything else accessible yields (ref: dmesg.20210903):Code:[ 0.086937] kernel: AGP: Checking aperture... [ 0.086942] kernel: AGP: Node 0: aperture [bus addr 0xb0000000-0xb1ffffff] (32MB) [ 0.086946] kernel: Aperture too small (32 MB) than (64 MB) [ 0.086948] kernel: AGP: Your BIOS doesn't leave an aperture memory hole [ 0.086950] kernel: AGP: Please enable the IOMMU option in the BIOS setup [ 0.086952] kernel: AGP: This costs you 32MB of RAM [ 0.086956] kernel: AGP: Mapping aperture over RAM [mem 0xa8000000-0xa9ffffff] (32768KB)
I had " iommu=noagp,memaper=0 " (viz., K8 AGPGART at 32 MiB for the IO memory map) interpreted for the File /boot/grub/grub.cfg in both instances, preselected via the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX line in /etc/default/grub.Code:[ 0.086912] kernel: AGP: Checking aperture... [ 0.086916] kernel: AGP: Node 0: aperture [bus addr 0x3c000000-0x3dffffff] (32MB) [ 0.086920] kernel: Aperture pointing to e820 RAM. Ignoring. [ 0.086922] kernel: AGP: Your BIOS doesn't leave an aperture memory hole [ 0.086924] kernel: AGP: Please enable the IOMMU option in the BIOS setup [ 0.086926] kernel: AGP: This costs you 32MB of RAM [ 0.086930] kernel: AGP: Mapping aperture over RAM [mem 0xa8000000-0xa9ffffff] (32768KB)
Addendum 2: Every now and then I encounter a combination in the BIOS Settings that bull's-eyes the Node 0 aperture for the IO memory map. From dmesg.20210905 (redacted):
Code:[ 0.000000] kernel: Linux version 5.11.0-27-generic (buildd@lcy01-amd64-019) (gcc (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) 9.3.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.34) #29~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Aug 11 15:58:17 UTC 2021 (Ubuntu 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1-generic 5.11.22) [ 0.000000] kernel: Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-5.11.0-27-generic root=UUID=c4248af1-a4cf-49a2-ba18-4de2c65c815c ro acpi_force_table_verification mce=bios_cmci_threshold trace_clock=global hashdist=0 numa=off gart_fix_e820=off iommu=memaper=0 access=v1 hpet=verbose [ 0.000000] kernel: KERNEL supported cpus: [ 0.000000] kernel: Intel GenuineIntel [ 0.000000] kernel: AMD AuthenticAMD [ 0.000000] kernel: Hygon HygonGenuine [ 0.000000] kernel: Centaur CentaurHauls [ 0.000000] kernel: zhaoxin Shanghai [ 0.000000] kernel: x86/fpu: x87 FPU will use FXSAVE [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-provided physical RAM map: [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009e7ff] usable [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009e800-0x000000000009ffff] reserved [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000f0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000afeeffff] usable [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000afef0000-0x00000000afef2fff] ACPI NVS [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000afef3000-0x00000000afefffff] ACPI data [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000b0000000-0x00000000bfffffff] reserved [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000f0000000-0x00000000f3ffffff] reserved [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved [ 0.000000] kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000013fffffff] usable [ 0.000000] kernel: NX (Execute Disable) protection: active [ 0.000000] kernel: SMBIOS 2.5 present. [ 0.000000] kernel: DMI: eMachines EL1210-09/WMCP78M, BIOS R01-A0 09/23/2008 [ 0.000000] kernel: tsc: Fast TSC calibration using PIT [ 0.000000] kernel: tsc: Detected 2399.919 MHz processor [ 0.003718] kernel: e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff] usable ==> reserved [ 0.003723] kernel: e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x000fffff] usable ... [ 0.086848] kernel: AGP: Checking aperture... [ 0.086852] kernel: AGP: Node 0: aperture [bus addr 0xa8000000-0xa9ffffff] (32MB) [ 0.086856] kernel: Aperture pointing to e820 RAM. Ignoring. [ 0.086858] kernel: AGP: Your BIOS doesn't leave an aperture memory hole [ 0.086860] kernel: AGP: Please enable the IOMMU option in the BIOS setup [ 0.086862] kernel: AGP: This costs you 32MB of RAM [ 0.086866] kernel: AGP: Mapping aperture over RAM [mem 0xa8000000-0xa9ffffff] (32768KB) ... [ 0.811491] kernel: PCI-DMA: Disabling AGP. [ 0.811596] kernel: PCI-DMA: aperture base @ a8000000 size 32768 KB [ 0.811658] kernel: PCI-DMA: using GART IOMMU. [ 0.811715] kernel: PCI-DMA: Warning: Small IOMMU 32MB. Consider increasing the AGP aperture in BIOS [ 0.811796] kernel: PCI-DMA: Reserving 32MB of IOMMU area in the AGP aperture ...
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