Persistent partitions are not working with 64 bit versions of Ubuntu post 12.04 made with UNetbootin or USB Creator.
I recall 32 bit 16.04 worked for me with casper-rw and home-rw partitions.
I have had good luck using mkusb to make a drive with persistent partitions.
A grub2 iso install also works with persistent partitions, (see MultiBootUSB).
You can mount your old casper.rw or home-rw file and rsync the data to a new casper-rw file or partition.
You can also do a full install to USB similar to installing to internal drive but the drive needs to be larger than 4GB.
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