I wouldn't expect running from one of the Ctrl-Alt-Fn virtual terminals to work - unless it's smart enough to figure out that there is no X session and run in some kind of text-based mode
FYI the word 'xterm' is there - as indicated by the grep message "Binary file (standard input) matches" - but you need to be a bit more devious to see it e.g.
Code:
$ strings lexmark-08z-series-driver-1.0-1.i386.deb.sh | grep 'xterm'
--nox11 Do not spawn an xterm
xterm_loop=
xterm_loop=1
if test x"$DISPLAY" != x -a x"$xterm_loop" = x; then # No, but do we have X?
GUESS_XTERMS="xterm rxvt dtterm eterm Eterm kvt konsole aterm"
I don't have a Lexmark printer but I was able to run the extracted 32-bit sh file on my 32-bit 12.04 system and it popped up a graphical installer window - it didn't seem to be using xterm as far as I could tell though (using ps). FWIW I also tried adding the --nox11 option mentioned in the 'strings' output, but it didn't seem to make any difference (the GUI installer window still popped up).
Since it's trying to open a GUI app you may have better luck using gksudo (or gksu) instead of plain sudo since that handles the GUI environment better.
Sorry I can't help more
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