The steps to create the USB seem to be okay, not sure why the problem then. But you should be able to add the 'nomodeset' option permanently to it. Here's how -
1) Plug in the USB in a working system (don't boot from it). This system should preferably be running Ubuntu or any other Linux OS. Windows may corrupt the file we are going to edit.
2) Locate 'syslinux' directory on the USB
3) Locate 'txt.cfg' file in 'syslinux' directory, and open it on text editor. (preferably, save a copy of it somewhere as backup first)
4) Locate the 'default' section in the file. It should be at the top.
5) In the 'default' section, locate the line that ends with "quiet splash --". This entire section (from 'default' to the "quiet splash --") should be something like -
Code:
default live
label live
menu label ^Try Xubuntu without installing
kernel /casper/vmlinuz
append noprompt cdrom-detect/try-usb=true file=/cdrom/preseed/xubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz quiet splash --
6) Edit the line to insert "nomodeset" before "quiet splash". Make sure there are blank spaces before and after "nomodeset". This line should now look something like -
Code:
append noprompt cdrom-detect/try-usb=true file=/cdrom/preseed/xubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz nomodeset quiet splash --
7) Save and close the file.
Now, whenever you boot from this USB it should boot with the "nomodeset" option by default. Steps for appending other parameters (as and if required) would be same as above.
About the driver confusion, it seems from your description that 'other versions' did not load a driver at all, I can't say why. But loading of ath9k driver in 'any version' indicates it is an atheros card. To confirm that, you can check the output of -
Code:
lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 net
..on 12.04 where it seems to partially work.
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