I did misread your post #7; you've made yourself the owner of /var/www. So forget my comment about making yourself a member of the group www (which should actually be www-data).
Code:
ray@ray-desktop:/var$ ls -la
total 56
drwxr-xr-x 2 ray root 4096 Oct 15 22:45 www
That's not really the intention but should do the trick mostly. Below my approach (with sufficient detail, I hope).
Regarding vsftpd, anonymous login will not get you anywhere with regards to /var/www. Below is my vsftpd.conf that disables anonymous login and enables normal login. The version of vsftpd that comes with 12.04 gave me a hard time but this is tested and working; if you're using an older version of Ubuntu, you might not need the stuff at the end. When you ftp to the server and login with your ubuntu username and password (on the server), you will be taken to your home directory. Note that you need root privileges (so prepend commands with sudo (terminal) or gksudo graphical environment).
Code:
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
#
# Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
# daemon started from an initscript.
listen=YES
#
# Run standalone with IPv6?
# Like the listen parameter, except vsftpd will listen on an IPv6 socket
# instead of an IPv4 one. This parameter and the listen parameter are mutually
# exclusive.
#listen_ipv6=YES
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
#WimS
#anonymous_enable=YES
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
#WimS
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
#WimS
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
#local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
# in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The
# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
# option.
use_localtime=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
#xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for
# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
# chroot_list_enable below.
chroot_local_user=YES
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# Customization
#
# Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by
# default.
#
# This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the
# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
# access.
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
#
# This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
pam_service_name=vsftpd
#
# This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem
#WimS
# to prevent the problem of "500 OOPS: vsftpd: refusing to run with writable root inside chroot()" after login as normal user
#http://www.benscobie.com/fixing-500-oops-vsftpd-refusing-to-run-with-writable-root-inside-chroot/
# allow_writeable_root=YES does not work !!
# this makes the root directory /home instead of /home/user
#local_root=/home
# don't forget to change the user's homedir in /etc/password to e.g.
# /home/./wim
passwd_chroot_enable=YES
You need to make a modification to your /etc/password for every user that needs ftp access (not something that I prefer to do, but there is no other way). I've created a testuser; you need to find your user in that file. The first line below shows the original one, the second line the modified one. Again, root privileges are required to modify the file.
Code:
testuser:x:1001:1001:testuser,,,:/home/testuser:/bin/bash
testuser:x:1001:1001:testuser,,,:/home/./testuser:/bin/bash
Any user that you forget will see the follwoing after ftp login
Code:
500 OOPS: vsftpd: refusing to run with writable root inside chroot()
Next create a directory for your website in your home directory; no root privileges required.
Code:
testuser@VirtualBox:~$ mkdir website1
testuser@VirtualBox:~$ mkdir website1/www
testuser@VirtualBox:~$ ls -l website1/
total 4
drwxrwxr-x 2 wim wim 4096 Oct 21 10:43 www
testuser@VirtualBox:~$
Last step is to let apache use this directory instead of /var/www. For this you need to modify /etc/apache/sites-available/ /etc/apache/sites-available/default and replace any reference to /var/www by /home/yourusername/website1/www. Again root privileges required.
This is the contents of the file on my (fresh system). In red the changes; I commented out the original line by putting a '#' in front of it and added the new line.
Code:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /home/testuser/website1/www
# DocumentRoot /var/www
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
<Directory /home/testuser/website1/www>
# <Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"
<Directory "/usr/share/doc/">
Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
Next you can restart apache
Code:
wim@VirtualBox:~/website1/www$ sudo service apache2 restart
* Restarting web server apache2 apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName
... waiting apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName
[ OK ]
wim@VirtualBox:~/website1/www$
You can ignore the warnings and test the changes by navigating to your server using a webbrowser. As there's currently nothing in the new documentroot, you will get an empty directory listing. If you now copy /var/www/index.html to /home/yourusername/website1/www and after refreshing the page in the browser, you should see the 'it works' page.
//EDIT
make backups of any files that you modify !!
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