@sudodus
The live installer is a BIOS or UEFI boot. But not sure if you can configure grub in MBR & efi partition to both work. I do not think you can install grub-pc(BIOS) and grub-efi(UEFI) at the same time.
Perhaps because you ran the older boot script it does not show efi files. Newer version added that. Try Boot-Repair as it has the latest (still not new) boot script and adds a lot of extra info.
Not sure if you have the efi partition in fstab and boot in BIOS mode if it has issues. It may just reinstall grub on major updates in UEFI mode?
Some have said efi files can just be copied and will still work. But I do not know how grub in efi folder then finds your install. Grub in BIOS mode has core.img which I think has the extra info on where to find grub.cfg.
I just might backup efi partition, and use Boot-Repair or manually install grub-pc. Then see if UEFI still shows efi boot option as well as a BIOS/CSM boot option.
Some have also added a second grub.cfg in the efi partition with just one configfile entry to help grub in efi find install.
Code:
configfile (hd0,gpt3)/boot/grub/grub.cfg
One user posted this:
found that putting grub.cfg into /EFI/ubuntu works, even when grubx64.efi is in /EFI/Boot
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