You could try a couple of things.
One would be to remove and then install the apps I mentioned relative to each, that may 'open' up the options (and or any app you think should be available.
When re-installed then hopefully the menus will get active
The other would be to open this file and look for these lines (cd, dvd, music player, photos
Code:
gedit ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list
x-content/audio-cdda=
x-content/video-dvd=
x-content/audio-player=
x-content/image-dcf=
If not there then add some or all with the above apps (if installed) - ex.
x-content/audio-cdda=rhythmbox.desktop;
x-content/video-dvd=totem.desktop;
x-content/audio-player=rhythmbox.desktop;
x-content/image-dcf=shotwell.desktop;
Then do a restart and hopefully the menu's will open up
(if still not then add any existing .desktop even if not suited and restart
Ex.
x-content/audio-cdda=rhythmbox.desktop;gedit.desktop;
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