FP and its own abstraction. I had to look up this set of concepts to get what I may have never learned.
Starting here for some basics of what I didn't understand.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_programming
Most programmers never learn these abstractions. I learned some of them over the 20 years of programming when I had a need for the concept in the programming process. I didn't have problems understanding the concepts.
Getting accurate reals in an abstraction is how the bits are managed and sorted out, which can be accomplished in any language I have been associated with as long as I can manage the processor reasonably well, which most of the libraries I found stemming from that article did do.
Type checking and none type checking the basic of the void pointer in c with simple idea of type casting as you mathematically across the computer. The oddities of writing an OS.
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