HOWTO: Automatically mount NFS shares without autofs

**JeroenHoek** · January 24th, 2010

This howto has been moved to the Wiki

The thread is kept open in order to have a place for discussing the Wiki page.

**X3lectric** · July 28th, 2010

Hi

I thank you for posting this, it would be helpfull if it worked for me but it doesnt, maybe you can help?

In addition of what I post below the /media/whateverdirectory exists.

My nfsmount.sh this exists and is executable in /usr/local/bin

Code:

#!/bin/bash

# The hostname or IP-address of the fileserver:
FILESERVER="192.168.1.7"
# Check every X seconds (60 is a good default):
INTERVAL=60
# The shares that need to be mounted:
MOUNTS=( "/media/TV_SERIES" "/media/MOVIES" "/media/MUSIC" "/media/SOURCES" )

while true; do
    ping -c 1 "$FILESERVER" &>/dev/null
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        # Fileserver is up.
        logger "Fileserver is up."
        for MOUNT in ${MOUNTS[@]}; do
            mount | grep -E "^${FILESERVER}:${MOUNT} on .*$" &>/dev/null
            if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
                # NFS mount not mounted, attempt mount
                logger "NFS shares not mounted; attempting to mount ${MOUNT}:"
                mount -t nfs ${FILESERVER}:${MOUNT} ${MOUNT} ${MOUNT} ${MOUNT}
            fi
        done
    else
        # Fileserver is down.
        logger "Fileserver is down."
        for MOUNT in ${MOUNTS[@]}; do
            mount | grep -E "^${FILESERVER}:${MOUNT} on .*$" &>/dev/null
            if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
                # NFS mount is still mounted; attempt umount
                logger "Cannot reach ${FILESERVER}, unmounting NFS share ${MOUNT}."
                umount -f ${MOUNT}
            fi
        done
    fi
    sleep $INTERVAL
done

My nfsmount.conf exists and is 644 owned by root:root in /etc/init

Code:

# nfsmount
# mount NFS shares on fileserver, if present
# Created by JeroenHoek - http://bit.ly/c4Pwv6
# Modded by X3, Team iQuik 2010

description    "Mount NFS-shares"

start on (filesystem)
respawn

exec /usr/local/bin/nfsmount

My nfsmount upstart created it exists in /etc/init.d

Code:

#!/bin/sh -e
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          nfsmount
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Start nfsmount daemon at boot time
# Description:       Enable nfsmount service provided by daemon.
### END INIT INFO
# upstart-job
#
# Symlink target for initscripts that have been converted to Upstart.

set -e

INITSCRIPT="$(nfsmount "$0")"
JOB="${INITSCRIPT%.sh}"

if [ "$JOB" = "upstart-job" ]; then
    if [ -z "$1" ]; then
        echo "Usage: upstart-job JOB COMMAND" 1>&2
    exit 1
    fi

    JOB="$1"
    INITSCRIPT="$1"
    shift
else
    if [ -z "$1" ]; then
        echo "Usage: $0 COMMAND" 1>&2
    exit 1
    fi
fi

COMMAND="$1"
shift


if [ -z "$DPKG_MAINTSCRIPT_PACKAGE" ]; then
    ECHO=echo
else
    ECHO=:
fi

$ECHO "Rather than invoking init scripts through /etc/init.d, use the service(8)"
$ECHO "utility, e.g. service $INITSCRIPT $COMMAND"

case $COMMAND in
status)
    $ECHO
    $ECHO "Since the script you are attempting to invoke has been converted to an"
    $ECHO "Upstart job, you may also use the $COMMAND(8) utility, e.g. $COMMAND $JOB"
    $COMMAND "$JOB"
    ;;
start|stop|restart)
    $ECHO
    $ECHO "Since the script you are attempting to invoke has been converted to an"
    $ECHO "Upstart job, you may also use the $COMMAND(8) utility, e.g. $COMMAND $JOB"
    PID=$(status "$JOB" 2>/dev/null | awk '/[0-9]$/ { print $NF }')
    if [ -z "$PID" ] && [ "$COMMAND" = "stop" ]; then
        exit 0
    elif [ -n "$PID" ] && [ "$COMMAND" = "start" ]; then
        exit 0
    elif [ -z "$PID" ] && [ "$COMMAND" = "restart" ]; then
        start "$JOB"
        exit 0
    fi
    $COMMAND "$JOB"
    ;;
reload|force-reload)
    $ECHO
    $ECHO "Since the script you are attempting to invoke has been converted to an"
    $ECHO "Upstart job, you may also use the $COMMAND(8) utility, e.g. $COMMAND $JOB"
    reload "$JOB"
    ;;
*)
    $ECHO
    $ECHO "The script you are attempting to invoke has been converted to an Upstart" 1>&2
    $ECHO "job, but $COMMAND is not supported for Upstart jobs." 1>&2
    exit 1
esac

this never works tried

Code:

root@iMedia:/usr/local/bin# nfsmount
No command 'nfsmount' found, did you mean:
 Command 'ntfsmount' from package 'ntfsprogs' (main)
nfsmount: command not found
root@iMedia:/usr/local/bin#

Code:

root@iMedia:/usr/local/bin# ./nfsmount.sh
Usage: mount -V                 : print version
       mount -h                 : print this help
       mount                    : list mounted filesystems
       mount -l                 : idem, including volume labels
So far the informational part. Next the mounting.
The command is `mount [-t fstype] something somewhere'.
Details found in /etc/fstab may be omitted.
       mount -a [-t|-O] ...     : mount all stuff from /etc/fstab
       mount device             : mount device at the known place
       mount directory          : mount known device here
       mount -t type dev dir    : ordinary mount command
Note that one does not really mount a device, one mounts
a filesystem (of the given type) found on the device.
One can also mount an already visible directory tree elsewhere:
       mount --bind olddir newdir
or move a subtree:
       mount --move olddir newdir
One can change the type of mount containing the directory dir:
       mount --make-shared dir
       mount --make-slave dir
       mount --make-private dir
       mount --make-unbindable dir
One can change the type of all the mounts in a mount subtree
containing the directory dir:
       mount --make-rshared dir
       mount --make-rslave dir
       mount --make-rprivate dir
       mount --make-runbindable dir
A device can be given by name, say /dev/hda1 or /dev/cdrom,
or by label, using  -L label  or by uuid, using  -U uuid .
Other options: [-nfFrsvw] [-o options] [-p passwdfd].
For many more details, say  man 8 mount .
Usage: mount -V                 : print version
       mount -h                 : print this help
       mount                    : list mounted filesystems
       mount -l                 : idem, including volume labels
So far the informational part. Next the mounting.
The command is `mount [-t fstype] something somewhere'.
Details found in /etc/fstab may be omitted.
       mount -a [-t|-O] ...     : mount all stuff from /etc/fstab
       mount device             : mount device at the known place
       mount directory          : mount known device here
       mount -t type dev dir    : ordinary mount command
Note that one does not really mount a device, one mounts
a filesystem (of the given type) found on the device.
One can also mount an already visible directory tree elsewhere:
       mount --bind olddir newdir
or move a subtree:
       mount --move olddir newdir
One can change the type of mount containing the directory dir:
       mount --make-shared dir
       mount --make-slave dir
       mount --make-private dir
       mount --make-unbindable dir
One can change the type of all the mounts in a mount subtree
containing the directory dir:
       mount --make-rshared dir
       mount --make-rslave dir
       mount --make-rprivate dir
       mount --make-runbindable dir
A device can be given by name, say /dev/hda1 or /dev/cdrom,
or by label, using  -L label  or by uuid, using  -U uuid .
Other options: [-nfFrsvw] [-o options] [-p passwdfd].
For many more details, say  man 8 mount .
Usage: mount -V                 : print version
       mount -h                 : print this help
       mount                    : list mounted filesystems
       mount -l                 : idem, including volume labels
So far the informational part. Next the mounting.
The command is `mount [-t fstype] something somewhere'.
Details found in /etc/fstab may be omitted.
       mount -a [-t|-O] ...     : mount all stuff from /etc/fstab
       mount device             : mount device at the known place
       mount directory          : mount known device here
       mount -t type dev dir    : ordinary mount command
Note that one does not really mount a device, one mounts
a filesystem (of the given type) found on the device.
One can also mount an already visible directory tree elsewhere:
       mount --bind olddir newdir
or move a subtree:
       mount --move olddir newdir
One can change the type of mount containing the directory dir:
       mount --make-shared dir
       mount --make-slave dir
       mount --make-private dir
       mount --make-unbindable dir
One can change the type of all the mounts in a mount subtree
containing the directory dir:
       mount --make-rshared dir
       mount --make-rslave dir
       mount --make-rprivate dir
       mount --make-runbindable dir
A device can be given by name, say /dev/hda1 or /dev/cdrom,
or by label, using  -L label  or by uuid, using  -U uuid .
Other options: [-nfFrsvw] [-o options] [-p passwdfd].
For many more details, say  man 8 mount .
Usage: mount -V                 : print version
       mount -h                 : print this help
       mount                    : list mounted filesystems
       mount -l                 : idem, including volume labels
So far the informational part. Next the mounting.
The command is `mount [-t fstype] something somewhere'.
Details found in /etc/fstab may be omitted.
       mount -a [-t|-O] ...     : mount all stuff from /etc/fstab
       mount device             : mount device at the known place
       mount directory          : mount known device here
       mount -t type dev dir    : ordinary mount command
Note that one does not really mount a device, one mounts
a filesystem (of the given type) found on the device.
One can also mount an already visible directory tree elsewhere:
       mount --bind olddir newdir
or move a subtree:
       mount --move olddir newdir
One can change the type of mount containing the directory dir:
       mount --make-shared dir
       mount --make-slave dir
       mount --make-private dir
       mount --make-unbindable dir
One can change the type of all the mounts in a mount subtree
containing the directory dir:
       mount --make-rshared dir
       mount --make-rslave dir
       mount --make-rprivate dir
       mount --make-runbindable dir
A device can be given by name, say /dev/hda1 or /dev/cdrom,
or by label, using  -L label  or by uuid, using  -U uuid .
Other options: [-nfFrsvw] [-o options] [-p passwdfd].
For many more details, say  man 8 mount .

Code:

root@iMedia:/usr/local/bin# nfsmount start
No command 'nfsmount' found, did you mean:
 Command 'ntfsmount' from package 'ntfsprogs' (main)
nfsmount: command not found

Code:

root@iMedia:/usr/local/bin# /etc/init.d/nfsmount start
/etc/init.d/nfsmount: 17: nfsmount: not found

I've ran out of ideas, what have I done wrong?
I cant see the mistake or error.

**JeroenHoek** · August 12th, 2010

X3lectric:
Can you mount your NFS shares from the command-line? This should be explained in the SettingUpNFSHowTo.

Also, you call the script as nfsmount, but the actual script appears to be named nfsmount.sh. Is the name correct? You should see the name of your script appear in the console if you type nfs and hit tab twice.

**yp2** · September 10th, 2010

Thanks!!!! It's working. Thanks!!! May I translate this how-to in polish with your credits of course?

**JeroenHoek** · September 10th, 2010

yp2:
By all means. Just linking to this thread is more than sufficient really. As far as I am concerned, consider this mini-HOWTO in the public domain. I'm glad it can be of use to others.

I'm still using it for my home network; it works quite well.

**yp2** · September 20th, 2010

Thaks.

**jatatar** · October 29th, 2010

This is a great little script. Just needed a bit of tweaking to make it work with my system/setup. ${Fileserver}:${Mount} language only works if the shares are located in the same place on both systems,I found it easy to modify the .sh file as follows to suit my need.

#!/bin/bash

# The hostname or IP-address of the fileserver:
FILESERVER="192.168.0.10"
# Check every X seconds (60 is a good default):
INTERVAL=360
# The shares that need to be mounted (server side)
SHAREA="/home/jatatar/storage"
SHAREB="/home/jatatar/Downloads"
SHAREC="/home/jatatar/Documents"
# Place where shares will be on local system (if different from server location)
MOUNTA=${SHAREA}
MOUNTB="/media/maverick-documents"
MOUNTC="/media/maverick-downloads"

while true; do
ping -c 1 "$FILESERVER" &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# Fileserver is up.
mount -t nfs ${FILESERVER}:${SHAREA} ${MOUNTA}
mount -t nfs ${FILESERVER}:${SHAREB} ${MOUNTB}
mount -t nfs ${FILESERVER}:${SHAREC} ${MOUNTC}
else
# Fileserver is down.
logger "Fileserver is down."
umount ${MOUNTA}
umount ${MOUNTB}
umount ${MOUNTC}
fi
sleep $INTERVAL
done

###
I also eliminated the extra checking to see if the folders were already mounted...due to the interval re-running the script, if the server was unavailable, folders are unmounted. Seemed logically simpler this way.

Also could add more fileservers in a second do loop to expand, could check mulitple folders for you. This is a good alternative to sudo mount -a as you can already see either in Places, or desktop if your server is available.

Only question is how much resource does this script use?

**jatatar** · November 1st, 2010

Been experimenting with this script because I wanted to accomplish two things...
1) Automount another share located on a seperate fileserver using the same script.

2) Only attempt mounts when internet connection is available

For #1, I changed my nfsmounts file as follows:
#!/bin/bash

# The hostname or IP-address of the fileserver:
FILESERVERA="192.168.0.12"
FILESERVERB="192.168.2.4"

# Check every X seconds (60 is a good default):
INTERVAL=60

# FILESERVERA -- The shares that need to be mounted (server side)
SHAREA="/home/jatatar/Music"
SHAREB="/home/jatatar/Downloads"
SHAREC="/home/jatatar/Documents"
SHARED="/home/jatatar/Videos"

# FILESERVERB -- The shares that need to be mounted (server side)
SHAREE="/mnt/HD_A2"

# - Place where shares will be on local system (if different from server location)
MOUNTA="/media/mvaerick-music"
MOUNTB="/media/maverick-documents"
MOUNTC="/media/maverick-downloads"
MOUNTD="/media/maverick-video"
MOUNTE="/home/jatatar/dlink"

while true; do
ping -c 1 "$FILESERVERA" &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# FileserverA is up.
mount -t nfs ${FILESERVERA}:${SHAREA} ${MOUNTA}
mount -t nfs ${FILESERVERA}:${SHAREB} ${MOUNTB}
mount -t nfs ${FILESERVERA}:${SHAREC} ${MOUNTC}
mount -t nfs ${FILESERVERA}:${SHARED} ${MOUNTD}
else
# FileserverA is down.
logger "FileserverA is down."
umount ${MOUNTA}
umount ${MOUNTB}
umount ${MOUNTC}
umount ${MOUNTD}
fi

ping -c 1 "$FILESERVERB" &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# FileserverB is up.
mount -t nfs ${FILESERVERB}:${SHAREE} ${MOUNTE}
else
# FileserverB is down.
logger "FileserverB is down."
umount ${MOUNTE}
fi

sleep $INTERVAL
done

Changed verbage to add 2 fileservers and then added ping check and mounting of shares in a second if else statement. This could be expanded infinitely as needed. My server has two separate NICS and thus has two separate ips.

For #2, linked nfsmounts-serv to the network/if-up.d directory

using command:

sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/nfsmounts-serv /etc/network/if-up.d

files in /etc/network/if-up.d directory are executed when nm-applet has a valid network connection this way on bootup program starts on network connection and loops every 60 seconds.

You could easily save or move your script to that directory, but I prefer the symlink.

**buntunub** · December 11th, 2010

I noticed some autofs issues when I did that 200 line kernel hack a while back to optimize my Lucid desktop. This script came to the rescue, but it will not work with a typical nfsv4 setup. Followon posters pointed me in the right direction -

Typicsl /etc/fstab =

Code:

#nfs drive
192.168.11.5:/export/ /media/exportA  nfs4  proto=tcp,port=2049,rsize=8192,wsize=8192,timeo=60,retrans=6,rw,noatime,intr  0  0

This sets up a typical nfs setup with the server export(s). Because of this, the script would not work as written and required heavy modification. Here is the correct way -

Code:

#!/bin/bash

# The hostname or IP-address of the fileserver:
FILESERVER="192.168.11.5"
# Check every X seconds (60 is a good default):
INTERVAL=360
# The shares that need to be mounted:
SHAREA="/exportA/"
SHAREB="/exportB/"
SHAREC="/exportC/"
MOUNTA="/media/exportA"
MOUNTB="/media/exportB"
MOUNTC="/media/exportC"

while true; do
	ping -c 1 "$FILESERVER" &>/dev/null
	if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
		# Fileserver is up.
		logger "Fileserver is up."
		mount ${FILESERVER}:${SHAREA} ${MOUNTA}
		mount ${FILESERVER}:${SHAREB} ${MOUNTB}
		mount ${FILESERVER}:${SHAREC} ${MOUNTC}
		else
		# Fileserver is down.
		logger "Fileserver is down."
		umount ${MOUNTA}
		umount ${MOUNTB}
		umount ${MOUNTC}
	fi
	sleep $INTERVAL
done

Thats an example of 3 shares mounted via /etc/fstab entries. You still have to setup your NFS shares the right way, autofs or no.

**MountainX** · January 9th, 2011

I'm looking for a solution that will allow me to suspend to RAM. I have all my data on a mounted NFS share. This prevents my computer from being able to suspend.

Could this script be a solution for me?

I suppose another script to auto-unmount upon suspending will be needed too. Maybe something like the script here would be a starting point.

Anyone want to help me with this?

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