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I used to add my own cron job.
But now it is a systemd item.

fred@z170-focal-k:~$ systemctl status fstrim.timer

I do change mount in fstab to use noatime.
Be sure to have good backups as once...

Again the UEFI boot mode is only for your installed system.
How you boot install media is how it installs.

Every brand UEFI is different, but screen shot shows two entries for Toshiba flash...

You booted Ubuntu live installer in UEFI boot mode.

And Ubuntu's Ubiquity only installs grub's UEFI boot files into ESP - efi system partition on first drive seen. Usually sda or first NVMe drive....

The Ubuntu ISO is configured for both UEFI or BIOS boot.

Rufus creates either UEFI or BIOS only versions. You can try that if desired.

But it should just be a choice in UEFI one time boot menu,...

If you have the hybrid configured flash drive, it is the way you choose to boot it.

The settings in UEFI apply to all internal drives, so if HDD is an internal drive then UEFI settings of UEFI or...

How you boot install media is then how it installs or repairs.

Some tools that create installer like Rufus create either a BIOS/MBR installer only or a UEFI/gpt installer only. Other tools create...

If Windows is in BIOS boot mode on MBR drive, you need to install Ubuntu in BIOS boot mode.
But Microsoft has required vendors to install in UEFI mode to gpt drives since 2012.
But upgrades from...

Good to know, going to add Optane to title so future searches may find it, also.

If you have manually edited fstab and chrooted into it to update grub.
Or edited all UUID instances of one boot stanza, I would think that would work.

If UEFI you have have to edit...

I see that is a very new system with the new Intel Iris Xe Graphics.

To use both the Intel Iris Xe graphics and Intel Iris Xe MAX graphics
Intel Xe MAX Needs Two Linux Kernels For Now - Meaning...

Is drive still in Intel RST? It should be AHCI.
It looked like it is trying to mount partitions with the RAID driver (mdadm) and failing.

Also make sure Windows fast start up is off as that sets...

How did you copy?
Post this in code tags to preserve formatting (# in Forum's advanced editor):
lsblk -o name,mountpoint,label,size,fstype,uuid,partuuid | egrep -v "^loop"

The UEFI entry looks correct and grub looks correct.
Is direct boot from UEFI, selecting "ubuntu" not work at all?
Or if you press escape key(possibly several times) from UEFI/BIOS until grub...

I have not had issues.
Back when I had an HP, the download was into /home/Downloads, but the script installed to normal Linux locations.

Make sure you have copied everything in Downloads to your...

I have both SSD & HDD and multiple installs of Ubuntu on each drive, but use a common data partition, not shared /home. I do not want main working installs configuration changed. I may want to test...

You should not have to manually add entries.
Some like HP have had to change order using UEFI as it does not remember the order after one boot. I believe that is UEFI that syncs with Windows BCD and...

It should be switching from Intel RST to AHCI. You show the small second NVMe drive that is only used for the Windows hibernation file with RST.
With new SSD & NVMe drives not sure why they still...

If it is UEFI, you have to press Escape key between UEFI screen & when grub will (should) appear.
If you have UEFI fast boot on, you may not have any time to press a key as it immediately boots. You...

This has all the instrucitions to move /home to another partition.
To move /home uses rsync- Be sure to use parameters to preserve ownership & permissions ...

I used to keep system (and /home) on SSD and all data folders like Documents, Music, etc on HDD.
But now have larger SSD, so data on SSD, but still in separate partition. Now HDD is mostly backup...

No software can fix a failed drive.
But you are showing partitions?

The error on sda3, System reserved is normal. That is required to be unformatted & gparted does not like unformatted...

I see two ESP - efi system partitions. You have sda1 & sda3 as ESP.
Most systems will only work with one ESP. Some have used a second FAT32 partition to hold boot files.
UEFI will not directly...

Older thread:
Lenovo 110s Experience Installing and Using Linux on my Lenovo 110s UEFI settings better support than 100
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2350394

I prefer standard apps, not snaps.
But it seems that Software Center uses snaps, now? I only use synaptic or command line.
Snaps are not quite as slow as before, but still become part of boot...

A variety of things to try.

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2450783
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2436900&p=13932499#post13932499...