epicbattle
March 13th, 2013, 01:56 AM
Ubuntu 12.10
Can anyone explain how to tell g++ to recognize libraries from OpenSource API's or is it kind of a case by case basis?
If it IS a case by case basis then here we go. (Just so you know I am brand spanking new at programming, and if you question what I am doing I can tell you that I probably don't know myself.)
I am trying to get an older API called PortAudio to work with g++. I think I've installed it properly, but I'm guessing its still operator error. I have been grabbing test code just to see if I can see if it will generate a sound. Here is one from portaudios site http://www.portaudio.com/docs/v19-doxydocs/paex__saw_8c_source.html
#include <stdio.h>
45 #include <math.h>
46 #include "portaudio.h"
47 #define NUM_SECONDS (4)
48 #define SAMPLE_RATE (44100)
49
50 typedef struct
51 {
52 float left_phase;
53 float right_phase;
54 }
55 paTestData;
56
57 /* This routine will be called by the PortAudio engine when audio is needed.
58 ** It may called at interrupt level on some machines so don't do anything
59 ** that could mess up the system like calling malloc() or free().
60 */
61 static int patestCallback( const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer,
62 unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
63 const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* timeInfo,
64 PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags,
65 void *userData )
66 {
67 /* Cast data passed through stream to our structure. */
68 paTestData *data = (paTestData*)userData;
69 float *out = (float*)outputBuffer;
70 unsigned int i;
71 (void) inputBuffer; /* Prevent unused variable warning. */
72
73 for( i=0; i<framesPerBuffer; i++ )
74 {
75 *out++ = data->left_phase; /* left */
76 *out++ = data->right_phase; /* right */
77 /* Generate simple sawtooth phaser that ranges between -1.0 and 1.0. */
78 data->left_phase += 0.01f;
79 /* When signal reaches top, drop back down. */
80 if( data->left_phase >= 1.0f ) data->left_phase -= 2.0f;
81 /* higher pitch so we can distinguish left and right. */
82 data->right_phase += 0.03f;
83 if( data->right_phase >= 1.0f ) data->right_phase -= 2.0f;
84 }
85 return 0;
86 }
87
88 /************************************************** *****************/
89 static paTestData data;
90 int main(void);
91 int main(void)
92 {
93 PaStream *stream;
94 PaError err;
95
96 printf("PortAudio Test: output sawtooth wave.\n");
97 /* Initialize our data for use by callback. */
98 data.left_phase = data.right_phase = 0.0;
99 /* Initialize library before making any other calls. */
100 err = Pa_Initialize();
101 if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
102
103 /* Open an audio I/O stream. */
104 err = Pa_OpenDefaultStream( &stream,
105 0, /* no input channels */
106 2, /* stereo output */
107 paFloat32, /* 32 bit floating point output */
108 SAMPLE_RATE,
109 256, /* frames per buffer */
110 patestCallback,
111 &data );
112 if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
113
114 err = Pa_StartStream( stream );
115 if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
116
117 /* Sleep for several seconds. */
118 Pa_Sleep(NUM_SECONDS*1000);
119
120 err = Pa_StopStream( stream );
121 if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
122 err = Pa_CloseStream( stream );
123 if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
124 Pa_Terminate();
125 printf("Test finished.\n");
126 return err;
127 error:
128 Pa_Terminate();
129 fprintf( stderr, "An error occured while using the portaudio stream\n" );
130 fprintf( stderr, "Error number: %d\n", err );
131 fprintf( stderr, "Error message: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText( err ) );
132 return err;
133 }
This results in the error
Documents$ g++ portaudio_sound_test.cpp
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:40:4: error: stray ‘#’ in program
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:41:4: error: stray ‘#’ in program
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:42:4: error: stray ‘#’ in program
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:43:4: error: stray ‘#’ in program
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:44:4: error: stray ‘#’ in program
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:1:5: error: expected unqualified-id before numeric constant
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:51:4: error: expected unqualified-id before numeric constant
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:52:4: error: expected unqualified-id before numeric constant
Another test code comes from
include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "portaudio.h"
#define NUM_SECONDS (5)
#define SAMPLE_RATE (44100)
#define FRAMES_PER_BUFFER (64)
#ifndef M_PI
#define M_PI (3.14159265)
#endif
#define TABLE_SIZE (200)
typedef struct
{
float sine[TABLE_SIZE];
int left_phase;
int right_phase;
char message[20];
}
paTestData;
/* This routine will be called by the PortAudio engine when audio is needed.
** It may called at interrupt level on some machines so don't do anything
** that could mess up the system like calling malloc() or free().
*/
static int patestCallback( const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer,
unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* timeInfo,
PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags,
void *userData )
{
paTestData *data = (paTestData*)userData;
float *out = (float*)outputBuffer;
unsigned long i;
(void) timeInfo; /* Prevent unused variable warnings. */
(void) statusFlags;
(void) inputBuffer;
for( i=0; i<framesPerBuffer; i++ )
{
*out++ = data->sine[data->left_phase]; /* left */
*out++ = data->sine[data->right_phase]; /* right */
data->left_phase += 1;
if( data->left_phase >= TABLE_SIZE ) data->left_phase -= TABLE_SIZE;
data->right_phase += 3; /* higher pitch so we can distinguish left and right. */
if( data->right_phase >= TABLE_SIZE ) data->right_phase -= TABLE_SIZE;
}
return paContinue;
}
/*
* This routine is called by portaudio when playback is done.
*/
static void StreamFinished( void* userData )
{
paTestData *data = (paTestData *) userData;
printf( "Stream Completed: %s\n", data->message );
}
/************************************************** *****************/
int main(void);
int main(void)
{
PaStreamParameters outputParameters;
PaStream *stream;
PaError err;
paTestData data;
int i;
printf("PortAudio Test: output sine wave. SR = %d, BufSize = %d\n", SAMPLE_RATE, FRAMES_PER_BUFFER);
/* initialise sinusoidal wavetable */
for( i=0; i<TABLE_SIZE; i++ )
{
data.sine[i] = (float) sin( ((double)i/(double)TABLE_SIZE) * M_PI * 2. );
}
data.left_phase = data.right_phase = 0;
err = Pa_Initialize();
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
outputParameters.device = Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice(); /* default output device */
if (outputParameters.device == paNoDevice) {
fprintf(stderr,"Error: No default output device.\n");
goto error;
}
outputParameters.channelCount = 2; /* stereo output */
outputParameters.sampleFormat = paFloat32; /* 32 bit floating point output */
outputParameters.suggestedLatency = Pa_GetDeviceInfo( outputParameters.device )->defaultLowOutputLatency;
outputParameters.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = NULL;
err = Pa_OpenStream(
&stream,
NULL, /* no input */
&outputParameters,
SAMPLE_RATE,
FRAMES_PER_BUFFER,
paClipOff, /* we won't output out of range samples so don't bother clipping them */
patestCallback,
&data );
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
sprintf( data.message, "No Message" );
err = Pa_SetStreamFinishedCallback( stream, &StreamFinished );
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
err = Pa_StartStream( stream );
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
printf("Play for %d seconds.\n", NUM_SECONDS );
Pa_Sleep( NUM_SECONDS * 1000 );
err = Pa_StopStream( stream );
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
err = Pa_CloseStream( stream );
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
Pa_Terminate();
printf("Test finished.\n");
return err;
error:
Pa_Terminate();
fprintf( stderr, "An error occured while using the portaudio stream\n" );
fprintf( stderr, "Error number: %d\n", err );
fprintf( stderr, "Error message: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText( err ) );
return err;
}
I know, This is this the biggest test code ever.
Which gives the error
$ g++ soundtest.cpp
/tmp/ccfAgaEH.o: In function `main':
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x1f3): undefined reference to `Pa_Initialize'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x20b): undefined reference to `Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x261): undefined reference to `Pa_GetDeviceInfo'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x2c4): undefined reference to `Pa_OpenStream'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x30f): undefined reference to `Pa_SetStreamFinishedCallback'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x331): undefined reference to `Pa_StartStream'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x35e): undefined reference to `Pa_Sleep'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x36d): undefined reference to `Pa_StopStream'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x38b): undefined reference to `Pa_CloseStream'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x39f): undefined reference to `Pa_Terminate'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x3c9): undefined reference to `Pa_Terminate'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x413): undefined reference to `Pa_GetErrorText'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Thank you for your patience and assistance in advance.
Can anyone explain how to tell g++ to recognize libraries from OpenSource API's or is it kind of a case by case basis?
If it IS a case by case basis then here we go. (Just so you know I am brand spanking new at programming, and if you question what I am doing I can tell you that I probably don't know myself.)
I am trying to get an older API called PortAudio to work with g++. I think I've installed it properly, but I'm guessing its still operator error. I have been grabbing test code just to see if I can see if it will generate a sound. Here is one from portaudios site http://www.portaudio.com/docs/v19-doxydocs/paex__saw_8c_source.html
#include <stdio.h>
45 #include <math.h>
46 #include "portaudio.h"
47 #define NUM_SECONDS (4)
48 #define SAMPLE_RATE (44100)
49
50 typedef struct
51 {
52 float left_phase;
53 float right_phase;
54 }
55 paTestData;
56
57 /* This routine will be called by the PortAudio engine when audio is needed.
58 ** It may called at interrupt level on some machines so don't do anything
59 ** that could mess up the system like calling malloc() or free().
60 */
61 static int patestCallback( const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer,
62 unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
63 const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* timeInfo,
64 PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags,
65 void *userData )
66 {
67 /* Cast data passed through stream to our structure. */
68 paTestData *data = (paTestData*)userData;
69 float *out = (float*)outputBuffer;
70 unsigned int i;
71 (void) inputBuffer; /* Prevent unused variable warning. */
72
73 for( i=0; i<framesPerBuffer; i++ )
74 {
75 *out++ = data->left_phase; /* left */
76 *out++ = data->right_phase; /* right */
77 /* Generate simple sawtooth phaser that ranges between -1.0 and 1.0. */
78 data->left_phase += 0.01f;
79 /* When signal reaches top, drop back down. */
80 if( data->left_phase >= 1.0f ) data->left_phase -= 2.0f;
81 /* higher pitch so we can distinguish left and right. */
82 data->right_phase += 0.03f;
83 if( data->right_phase >= 1.0f ) data->right_phase -= 2.0f;
84 }
85 return 0;
86 }
87
88 /************************************************** *****************/
89 static paTestData data;
90 int main(void);
91 int main(void)
92 {
93 PaStream *stream;
94 PaError err;
95
96 printf("PortAudio Test: output sawtooth wave.\n");
97 /* Initialize our data for use by callback. */
98 data.left_phase = data.right_phase = 0.0;
99 /* Initialize library before making any other calls. */
100 err = Pa_Initialize();
101 if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
102
103 /* Open an audio I/O stream. */
104 err = Pa_OpenDefaultStream( &stream,
105 0, /* no input channels */
106 2, /* stereo output */
107 paFloat32, /* 32 bit floating point output */
108 SAMPLE_RATE,
109 256, /* frames per buffer */
110 patestCallback,
111 &data );
112 if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
113
114 err = Pa_StartStream( stream );
115 if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
116
117 /* Sleep for several seconds. */
118 Pa_Sleep(NUM_SECONDS*1000);
119
120 err = Pa_StopStream( stream );
121 if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
122 err = Pa_CloseStream( stream );
123 if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
124 Pa_Terminate();
125 printf("Test finished.\n");
126 return err;
127 error:
128 Pa_Terminate();
129 fprintf( stderr, "An error occured while using the portaudio stream\n" );
130 fprintf( stderr, "Error number: %d\n", err );
131 fprintf( stderr, "Error message: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText( err ) );
132 return err;
133 }
This results in the error
Documents$ g++ portaudio_sound_test.cpp
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:40:4: error: stray ‘#’ in program
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:41:4: error: stray ‘#’ in program
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:42:4: error: stray ‘#’ in program
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:43:4: error: stray ‘#’ in program
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:44:4: error: stray ‘#’ in program
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:1:5: error: expected unqualified-id before numeric constant
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:51:4: error: expected unqualified-id before numeric constant
portaudio_sound_test.cpp:52:4: error: expected unqualified-id before numeric constant
Another test code comes from
include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "portaudio.h"
#define NUM_SECONDS (5)
#define SAMPLE_RATE (44100)
#define FRAMES_PER_BUFFER (64)
#ifndef M_PI
#define M_PI (3.14159265)
#endif
#define TABLE_SIZE (200)
typedef struct
{
float sine[TABLE_SIZE];
int left_phase;
int right_phase;
char message[20];
}
paTestData;
/* This routine will be called by the PortAudio engine when audio is needed.
** It may called at interrupt level on some machines so don't do anything
** that could mess up the system like calling malloc() or free().
*/
static int patestCallback( const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer,
unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* timeInfo,
PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags,
void *userData )
{
paTestData *data = (paTestData*)userData;
float *out = (float*)outputBuffer;
unsigned long i;
(void) timeInfo; /* Prevent unused variable warnings. */
(void) statusFlags;
(void) inputBuffer;
for( i=0; i<framesPerBuffer; i++ )
{
*out++ = data->sine[data->left_phase]; /* left */
*out++ = data->sine[data->right_phase]; /* right */
data->left_phase += 1;
if( data->left_phase >= TABLE_SIZE ) data->left_phase -= TABLE_SIZE;
data->right_phase += 3; /* higher pitch so we can distinguish left and right. */
if( data->right_phase >= TABLE_SIZE ) data->right_phase -= TABLE_SIZE;
}
return paContinue;
}
/*
* This routine is called by portaudio when playback is done.
*/
static void StreamFinished( void* userData )
{
paTestData *data = (paTestData *) userData;
printf( "Stream Completed: %s\n", data->message );
}
/************************************************** *****************/
int main(void);
int main(void)
{
PaStreamParameters outputParameters;
PaStream *stream;
PaError err;
paTestData data;
int i;
printf("PortAudio Test: output sine wave. SR = %d, BufSize = %d\n", SAMPLE_RATE, FRAMES_PER_BUFFER);
/* initialise sinusoidal wavetable */
for( i=0; i<TABLE_SIZE; i++ )
{
data.sine[i] = (float) sin( ((double)i/(double)TABLE_SIZE) * M_PI * 2. );
}
data.left_phase = data.right_phase = 0;
err = Pa_Initialize();
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
outputParameters.device = Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice(); /* default output device */
if (outputParameters.device == paNoDevice) {
fprintf(stderr,"Error: No default output device.\n");
goto error;
}
outputParameters.channelCount = 2; /* stereo output */
outputParameters.sampleFormat = paFloat32; /* 32 bit floating point output */
outputParameters.suggestedLatency = Pa_GetDeviceInfo( outputParameters.device )->defaultLowOutputLatency;
outputParameters.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = NULL;
err = Pa_OpenStream(
&stream,
NULL, /* no input */
&outputParameters,
SAMPLE_RATE,
FRAMES_PER_BUFFER,
paClipOff, /* we won't output out of range samples so don't bother clipping them */
patestCallback,
&data );
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
sprintf( data.message, "No Message" );
err = Pa_SetStreamFinishedCallback( stream, &StreamFinished );
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
err = Pa_StartStream( stream );
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
printf("Play for %d seconds.\n", NUM_SECONDS );
Pa_Sleep( NUM_SECONDS * 1000 );
err = Pa_StopStream( stream );
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
err = Pa_CloseStream( stream );
if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
Pa_Terminate();
printf("Test finished.\n");
return err;
error:
Pa_Terminate();
fprintf( stderr, "An error occured while using the portaudio stream\n" );
fprintf( stderr, "Error number: %d\n", err );
fprintf( stderr, "Error message: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText( err ) );
return err;
}
I know, This is this the biggest test code ever.
Which gives the error
$ g++ soundtest.cpp
/tmp/ccfAgaEH.o: In function `main':
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x1f3): undefined reference to `Pa_Initialize'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x20b): undefined reference to `Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x261): undefined reference to `Pa_GetDeviceInfo'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x2c4): undefined reference to `Pa_OpenStream'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x30f): undefined reference to `Pa_SetStreamFinishedCallback'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x331): undefined reference to `Pa_StartStream'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x35e): undefined reference to `Pa_Sleep'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x36d): undefined reference to `Pa_StopStream'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x38b): undefined reference to `Pa_CloseStream'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x39f): undefined reference to `Pa_Terminate'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x3c9): undefined reference to `Pa_Terminate'
soundtest.cpp:(.text+0x413): undefined reference to `Pa_GetErrorText'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Thank you for your patience and assistance in advance.