In Grave Problem :(

[drofart]

Greeting folks,
I am not sure how to explain every thing I am going through .
Ok let me explain, I am using ubuntu for like 1yr or so & love it, recently i heard about 12.04, as i was using 11.04, I thought to move to a LTS version & so installed it in another partition with two others to try it . Ok thats it, This was my OS confg. & i have not had any problem till I thought to join two partition together with Gparted.

When I started to resige my partitions, I was alil bit sleepy & after hitting apply in Gparted I slept for 2-3 hours. In windows it generally takes 5-10 min to add a empty space to a existing partition. But when I woke up in sleepy head & thought to do that in windows instead & hit the cancel button. From then I am going in to much much problem.

At first Grub did not recognize file system so I booted from live usb & install 12.04 again in hope that it will reset the grub. & It did so to some extent. The whole process of computer go down afterward every thing slow by 10-20 times slow boot, slow login, slow everything, Irritatingly. I thought it is because of the file system that i tried to resize. Actually I did not have any fear of data lose cause i have done it before & recovered all files before. So I headed to win 7 & ran easeue recovery tool, but after like 2 hours windows warn about some problem & shut down after that all gone neither any grub nor any boot only a beeping white hypen on left upper corner. To boot from this live usb it took me like 40 mins. More is there, Internal Hard drive is not detected in this live session too.

If any data is needed, Plz let me know.

Any help!!!!!!!
Thanks in Advance.

[roelforg]

Oh no...
I hope you only killed a fs resize and not the repartitioning process itself because if you did that, your data's lost...
I'd create a hd image incase more problems ocurr.
I'm not sure where you aborted it so try posting the output of the bootinfoscript (i can't remember the url but google should know).

Aside:
I'd give 11.10 a shot as well because 12.04 still has a lot of problems (it's a pattern: the .04 releases have a lot of new features and tend to be unstable and problematic because the beta testers (they do a very good job) can't test every setup (even LTS have this), whilst the .10 releases have most of the .04 problems fixed) and (IMHO) 11.10 unity is better.

[darkod]

So, do you have data you want to get out, or not?

First of all, don't try too much with the hdd because that might destroy any possible chance to get data back.

Run the ubuntu cd in live mode, not from the hdd.

[roelforg]

So, do you have data you want to get out, or not?

First of all, don't try too much with the hdd because that might destroy any possible chance to get data back.

Run the ubuntu cd in live mode, not from the hdd.

Hence the suggestion to create a hd-image and store it on an external drive or something.

[jadtech]

Internal Hard drive is not detected in this live session too.

this sound like a hard drive failed or is failing to me ...

[darkod]

this sound like a hard drive failed or is failing to me ...

Not necessarily. Since it was stopped in repartitioning it doesn't have a valid partition table now, so it's probably not detected as a disk.

[drofart]

Oh no...
I hope you only killed a fs resize and not the repartitioning process itself because if you did that, your data's lost...
I'd create a hd image incase more problems ocurr.
I'm not sure where you aborted it so try posting the output of the bootinfoscript (i can't remember the url but google should know).

Aside:
I'd give 11.10 a shot as well because 12.04 still has a lot of problems (it's a pattern: the .04 releases have a lot of new features and tend to be unstable and problematic because the beta testers (they do a very good job) can't test every setup (even LTS have this), whilst the .10 releases have most of the .04 problems fixed) and (IMHO) 11.10 unity is better.
Thanks for reply Roelforg, When I canceled gparted it was reading the partition which i want to resize in 8 MIB sector or somthing like that.

How to create a hd image from live session when it is not detected.

Bootinfoscript before running easaus recovery tool (after that bootinfoscript is not giving any result & keep on running & running)

#!/bin/bash
VERSION='0.61';
RELEASE_DATE='1 April 2012';
LAST_GIT_COMMIT='';
RETRIEVAL_DATE='';
################################################## ##############################
# #
# Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Ulrich Meierfrankenfeld #
# Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Gert Hulselmans #
# #
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy #
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to #
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the #
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or #
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is #
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: #
# #
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in #
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software. #
# #
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR #
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, #
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE #
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER #
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING #
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS #
# IN THE SOFTWARE. #
# #
################################################## ##############################
# #
# Current developer: Gert Hulselmans #
# #
# Past developer: Ulrich Meierfrankenfeld (meierfra) (ubuntuforums.org) #
# Past contributor: caljohnsmith (ubuntuforums.org) #
# #
# Hosted at: http://sourceforge.net/projects/bootinfoscript/ #
# #
# The birth of Boot Info Script: #
# http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=837791 #
# #
# Tab width: 8 spaces #
# #
################################################## ##############################



## Check if the script is run with bash as shell interpreter.

if [ -z "$BASH_VERSION" ] ; then
echo 'Boot Info Script needs to be run with bash as shell interpreter.' >&2;
exit 1;
fi



## Display help text ##
#
# ./bootinfoscript -h
# ./bootinfoscript -help
# ./bootinfoscript --help

help () {
cat <<- HELP

Usage Boot Info Script:
-----------------------

Run the script as sudoer:

sudo ${0} <outputfile>

or if your operating system does not use sudo:

su -
${0} <outputfile>


When running the script, without specifying an output file, all the output
is written to the file "RESULTS.txt" in the same folder as the script.

But when run from /bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, or another system folder, the file
"RESULTS.txt" is written to the home directory of the user.

When the file "RESULTS.txt" already exists, the results will be written to
"RESULTS1.txt". If "RESULTS1.txt" exists, the results will be written to
"RESULTS2.txt", ...


To get version number, release date, last git commit and git retrieval date
of this script, use (no root rights needed):

${0} -v
${0} -V
${0} --version


To get this help text, use (no root rights needed):

${0} -h
${0} -help
${0} --help


To automatically gzip a copy of the output file, use (root rights needed):

${0} -g <outputfile>
${0} --gzip <outputfile>


To write the output to stdout instead of a file, use (root rights needed):

${0} --stdout


The last development version of Boot Info Script can be downloaded, with:
(no root rights needed)

${0} --update <filename>

If no filename is specified, the file will be saved in the home dir as
"bootinfoscript_YYYY-MM-DD_hh:mm:ss".


If multiple versions of Boot Info Script are detected in the same directory,
Boot Info Script will list all versions found.
In that case you need to force Boot Info Script to run a certain version,
by adding "--this" as first argument (root rights needed):

${0} --this <outputfile>

HELP

exit 0;
}



## Download the last development version of BIS from git: ##
#
# ./bootinfoscript --update <filename>
#
# If no filename is specified, the file will be saved in the home dir as
# "bootinfoscript_YYYY-MM-DD_hh:mm:ss".

update () {
local git_bis_url='http://bootinfoscript.git.sourceforge.net/git/gitweb.cgi?p=bootinfoscript/bootinfoscript;a=blob_plain;f=bootinfoscript;hb=HE AD';
local git_commit_url='http://bootinfoscript.sourceforge.net/bis-last-commit.txt'

# Check if date is available.
if [ $(type date > /dev/null 2>&1 ; echo $?) -ne 0 ] ; then
echo '"date" could not be found.' >&2;
exit 1;
fi

# Get current UTC time in YYYY-MM-DD-hh:mm:ss format.
UTC_TIME=$(date --utc "+%Y-%m-%d %T");

if [ ! -z "$1" ] ; then
GIT_BIS_FILENAME="$1";
else
GIT_BIS_FILENAME="${HOME}/bootinfoscript_${UTC_TIME/ /_}"
fi

# Check if wget or curl is available
if [ $(type wget > /dev/null 2>&1 ; echo $?) -eq 0 ] ; then
printf '\nDownloading last development version of Boot Info Script from git:\n\n';
wget -O "${GIT_BIS_FILENAME}" "${git_bis_url}";
LAST_GIT_COMMIT=$(wget -O - "${git_commit_url}" 2> /dev/null);
elif [ $(type curl > /dev/null 2>&1 ; echo $?) -eq 0 ] ; then
printf 'Downloading last development version of Boot Info Script from git:\n\n';
curl -o "${GIT_BIS_FILENAME}" "${git_bis_url}";
LAST_GIT_COMMIT=$(curl "${git_commit_url}");
else
printf '"wget" or "curl" could not be found.\nInstall at least one of them and try again.\n' >&2;
exit 1;
fi

# Set the retrieval date in just downloaded script.
sed -i -e "4,0 s@LAST_GIT_COMMIT='';@LAST_GIT_COMMIT='${LAST_GIT_ COMMIT}';@" \
-e "5,0 s/RETRIEVAL_DATE='';/RETRIEVAL_DATE='${UTC_TIME}';/" \
"${GIT_BIS_FILENAME}";

printf '\nThe development version of Boot Info Script is saved as:\n"%s"\n\n' "${GIT_BIS_FILENAME}";
exit 0;
}



## Display version, release, last git commit and git retrieval date of the script when asked: ##
#
# ./bootinfoscript -v
# ./bootinfoscript -V
# ./bootinfoscript --version

version () {
printf '\nBoot Info Script version: %s\nRelease date: %s' "${VERSION}" "${RELEASE_DATE}";

if [ ! -z "${LAST_GIT_COMMIT}" ] ; then
printf '\nLast git commit: %s\nRetrieved from git on: %s' "${LAST_GIT_COMMIT}" "${RETRIEVAL_DATE}";
fi

printf '\n\n';

exit 0;
}



## Run this version of BIS even when multiple versions are detected in the same directory?
this_BIS=0; # no=0

## Gzip a copy of the output file? ##
gzip_output=0; # off=0

## Write the output to the standard output instead of to a file? ##
stdout_output=0; # off=0



## Get arguments passed to the script. ##

process_args () {
if [ ${#@} -ge 1 ] ; then
if [ $1 = '--this' ] ; then
this_BIS=1; # run this version of BIS even if multiple versions are detected.

if [ ${#@} -ge 2 ] ; then
shift; # shift the command line parameters ($2 -> $1), so they can be processed.
else
return 0; # exit this function when only '--this' was passed.
fi
fi

# Process other arguments.
case "$1" in
-g ) gzip_output=1; if [ ! -z "$2" ] ; then LogFile_cmd="$2"; fi;;
--gzip ) gzip_output=1; if [ ! -z "$2" ] ; then LogFile_cmd="$2"; fi;;
-h ) help;;
-help ) help;;
--help ) help;;
--stdout ) stdout_output=1;;
--update ) update "$2";;
-v ) version;;
-V ) version;;
--version ) version;;
-* ) help;;
* ) LogFile_cmd="$1";;
esac
fi
}




## Get arguments passed to the script. ##

process_args ${@};



## Display version number, release and git retrieval date. ##

printf '\nBoot Info Script %s [%s]' "${VERSION}" "${RELEASE_DATE}";

if [ ! -z "${LAST_GIT_COMMIT}" ] ; then
printf '\n Last git commit: %s\n Retrieved from git on: %s' "${LAST_GIT_COMMIT}" "${RETRIEVAL_DATE}";
fi

printf '\n\n';



## Check whether Boot Info Script is run with root rights or not. ##

if [ $(type whoami > /dev/null 2>&1 ; echo $?) -ne 0 ] ; then
echo 'Please install "whoami" and run Boot Info Script again.' >&2;
exit 1;
elif [ $(whoami) != 'root' ] ; then
cat <<- EOF >&2
Please use "sudo" or become "root" to run this script.

Run the script as sudoer:

sudo ${0} <outputfile>

or if your operating system does not use sudo:

su -
${0} <outputfile>

For more info, see the help:

${0} --help

EOF
exit 1;
fi



## Check if all necessary programs are available. ##

# Programs that are in /bin or /usr/bin.
Programs='
basename
cat
chown
dd
dirname
expr
fold
grep
gzip
hexdump
ls
mkdir
mktemp
mount
printf
pwd
rm
sed
sort
umount
wc'

# Programs that are in /usr/sbin or /sbin.
Programs_SBIN='
blkid
fdisk
filefrag
losetup'


Check_Prog=1;

for Program in ${Programs} ${Programs_SBIN}; do
if [ $(type ${Program} > /dev/null 2>&1 ; echo $?) -ne 0 ] ; then
echo "\"${Program}\" could not be found." >&2;
Check_Prog=0;
fi
done



## Can we decompress a LZMA stream? ##
#
# The Grub2 (v1.99) core_dir string is contained in a LZMA stream.
# See if we have xz or lzma installed to decompress the stream.
#

if [ $(type xz > /dev/null 2>&1 ; echo $?) -eq 0 ] ; then
UNLZMA='xz --format=lzma --decompress';
elif [ $(type lzma > /dev/null 2>&1 ; echo $?) -eq 0 ] ; then
UNLZMA='lzma -cd';
else
UNLZMA='none';
fi



## Do we have gawk? ##
#
# If we don't have gawk, look for "busybox awk".
#

# Make a variable named ${TAB}, needed for setting the separator for awk to a tab.
TAB=$(printf "\t");

# Set awk binary to gawk.
AWK='gawk';


if [ $(type gawk > /dev/null 2>&1 ; echo $?) -ne 0 ] ; then
# Do we have a busybox version?
for BUSYBOX in 'busybox' '/usr/lib/initramfs-tools/bin/busybox' ; do
# And if we have one, does is support "awk"?
if [ $(type ${BUSYBOX} > /dev/null 2>&1 ; echo $?) -eq 0 ] && [ $(echo 'test' | ${BUSYBOX} awk '{ print $0 }' > /dev/null 2>&1; echo $?) -eq 0 ] ; then
printf '\n"gawk" could not be found, using "%s awk" instead.\nThis may lead to unreliable results.\n\n' "${BUSYBOX}" >&2;

# Set awk binary to busybox's awk.
AWK="${BUSYBOX} awk";
break;
fi
done

# If no busybox (or one without awk support) is found, "${AWK}" is still set to "gawk".
if [ "${AWK}" == 'gawk' ] ; then
echo '"gawk" could not be found.' >&2;
Check_Prog=0;
fi
fi



if [ ${Check_Prog} -eq 0 ] ; then
printf '\nPlease install the missing program(s) and run Boot Info Script again.\n' >&2;
exit 1;
fi



## Check if there are other bootinfoscript files in the same directory. ##
#
# This can be useful when BIS was downloaded multiple times with Firefox, Chromium, ...
# Those browsers will add a suffix to the filename, when there was already
# a file with the same name:
#
# bootinfoscript(<number>)
#
# To force BIS to run a certain version, add "--this" as first argument:
#
# ./bootinfoscript --this <outputfile>
#

if [ ${this_BIS} -eq 0 ] ; then
declare -a BIS_files;

BIS_files=( $(ls "$(dirname "$0")/bootinfoscript" "$(dirname \"$0\")"/bootinfoscript\(*\) 2> /dev/null) );

if [ "${#BIS_files
}" -ge 2 ] ; then
printf 'Multiple bootinfoscript files where found:\n\n';

for i in ${!BIS_files[@]} ; do
eval $(echo 'BIS_'$(grep -m1 '^VERSION' "${BIS_files[$i]}") );
printf " - ${BIS_files[$i]}:\tversion ${BIS_VERSION}\n";
done

printf '\nAre you sure you want to run this version? If so, run:\n\n %s --this %s\n\n' "$0" "$*";
exit 1;
fi
fi



## List of folders which might contain files used for chainloading. ##

Boot_Codes_Dir='
/
/NST/
'



## List of files whose names will be displayed, if found. ##

Boot_Prog_Normal='
/bootmgr /BOOTMGR
/boot/bcd /BOOT/bcd /Boot/bcd /boot/BCD /BOOT/BCD /Boot/BCD
/Windows/System32/winload.exe /WINDOWS/system32/winload.exe /WINDOWS/SYSTEM32/winload.exe /windows/system32/winload.exe
/Windows/System32/Winload.exe /WINDOWS/system32/Winload.exe /WINDOWS/SYSTEM32/Winload.exe /windows/system32/Winload.exe
/grldr /GRLDR /grldr.mbr /GRLDR.MBR
/ntldr /NTLDR
/NTDETECT.COM /ntdetect.com
/NTBOOTDD.SYS /ntbootdd.sys
/wubildr /ubuntu/winboot/wubildr
/wubildr.mbr /ubuntu/winboot/wubildr.mbr
/ubuntu/disks/root.disk
/ubuntu/disks/home.disk
/ubuntu/disks/swap.disk
/core.img /grub/core.img /boot/grub/core.img /grub2/core.img /boot/grub2/core.img
/burg/core.img /boot/burg/core.img
/ldlinux.sys /syslinux/ldlinux.sys /boot/syslinux/ldlinux.sys
/extlinux.sys /extlinux/extlinux.sys /boot/extlinux/extlinux.sys
/boot/map /map
/DEFAULT.MNU /default.mnu
/IO.SYS /io.sys
/MSDOS.SYS /msdos.sys
/KERNEL.SYS /kernel.sys
/DELLBIO.BIN /dellbio.bin /DELLRMK.BIN /dellrmk.bin
/COMMAND.COM /command.com
'

Boot_Prog_Fat='
/bootmgr
/boot/bcd
/Windows/System32/winload.exe
/grldr
/grldr.mbr
/ntldr
/freeldr.sys
/NTDETECT.COM
/NTBOOTDD.SYS
/wubildr
/wubildr.mbr
/ubuntu/winboot/wubildr
/ubuntu/winboot/wubildr.mbr
/ubuntu/disks/root.disk
/ubuntu/disks/home.disk
/ubuntu/disks/swap.disk
/core.img /grub/core.img /boot/grub/core.img /grub2/core.img /boot/grub2/core.img
/burg/core.img /boot/burg/core.img
/ldlinux.sys /syslinux/ldlinux.sys /boot/syslinux/ldlinux.sys
/extlinux.sys /extlinux/extlinux.sys /boot/extlinux/extlinux.sys
/boot/map /map
/DEFAULT.MNU
/IO.SYS
/MSDOS.SYS
/KERNEL.SYS
/DELLBIO.BIN /DELLRMK.BIN
/COMMAND.COM
'



## List of files whose contents will be displayed. ##

Boot_Files_Normal='
/menu.lst /grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst /NST/menu.lst
/grub.cfg /grub/grub.cfg /boot/grub/grub.cfg /grub2/grub.cfg /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
/burg.cfg /burg/burg.cfg /boot/burg/burg.cfg
/grub.conf /grub/grub.conf /boot/grub/grub.conf /grub2/grub.conf /boot/grub2/grub.conf
/ubuntu/disks/boot/grub/menu.lst /ubuntu/disks/install/boot/grub/menu.lst /ubuntu/winboot/menu.lst
/boot.ini /BOOT.INI
/etc/fstab
/etc/lilo.conf /lilo.conf
/syslinux.cfg /syslinux/syslinux.cfg /boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg
/extlinux.conf /extlinux/extlinux.conf /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf
/grldr /grub.exe
'

Boot_Files_Fat='
/menu.lst /grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst /NST/menu.lst
/grub.cfg /grub/grub.cfg /boot/grub/grub.cfg /grub2/grub.cfg /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
/burg.cfg /burg/burg.cfg /boot/burg/burg.cfg
/grub.conf /grub/grub.conf /boot/grub/grub.conf /grub2/grub.conf /boot/grub2/grub.conf
/ubuntu/disks/boot/grub/menu.lst /ubuntu/disks/install/boot/grub/menu.lst /ubuntu/winboot/menu.lst
/boot.ini
/freeldr.ini
/etc/fstab
/etc/lilo.conf /lilo.conf
/syslinux.cfg /syslinux/syslinux.cfg /boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg
/extlinux.conf /extlinux/extlinux.conf /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf
/grldr /grub.exe
'


## List of files whose end point (in GiB / GB) will be displayed. ##

GrubError18_Files='
menu.lst grub/menu.lst boot/grub/menu.lst NST/menu.lst
ubuntu/disks/boot/grub/menu.lst
grub.conf grub/grub.conf boot/grub/grub.conf grub2/grub.conf boot/grub2/grub.conf
grub.cfg grub/grub.cfg boot/grub/grub.cfg grub2/grub.cfg boot/grub2/grub.cfg
burg.cfg burg/burg.cfg boot/burg/burg.cfg
core.img grub/core.img boot/grub/core.img grub2/core.img boot/grub2/core.img
burg/core.img boot/burg/core.img
stage2 grub/stage2 boot/grub/stage2
boot/vmlinuz* vmlinuz* ubuntu/disks/boot/vmlinuz*
boot/initrd* initrd* ubuntu/disks/boot/initrd*
boot/kernel*.img
initramfs* boot/initramfs*
'

SyslinuxError_Files='
syslinux.cfg syslinux/syslinux.cfg boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg
extlinux.conf extlinux/extlinux.conf boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf
ldlinux.sys syslinux/ldlinux.sys boot/syslinux/ldlinux.sys
extlinux.sys extlinux/extlinux.sys boot/extlinux/extlinux.sys
*.c32 syslinux/*.c32 boot/syslinux/*.c32
extlinux/*.c32 boot/extlinux/*.c32
'



## Set output filename ##

if [ ${stdout_output} -eq 1 ] ; then
# The LogFile name is not used when --stdout is specified.
LogFile="";
elif ( [ ! -z "${LogFile_cmd}" ]) ; then
# The RESULTS filename is specified on the commandline.
LogFile=$(basename "${LogFile_cmd}");

# Directory where the RESULTS file will be stored.
Dir=$(dirname "${LogFile_cmd}");

# Check if directory exists.
if [ ! -d "${Dir}" ] ; then
echo "The directory \"${Dir}\" does not exist.";
echo 'Create the directory or specify another path for the output file.';
exit 1;
fi

Dir=$(cd "${Dir}"; pwd);
LogFile="${Dir}/${LogFile}";
else
# Directory containing this script.
Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")"; pwd);

# Set ${Dir} to the home folder of the current user if the script is
# in one of the system folders.
# This allows placement of the script in /bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, ...
# while still having a normal location to write the output file to.

for systemdir in /bin /boot /cdrom /dev /etc /lib /lost+found /opt /proc /sbin /selinux /srv /sys /usr /var; do
if [ $(expr "${Dir}" : ${systemdir}) -ne 0 ] ; then
Dir="${HOME}";
break;
fi
done

# To avoid overwriting existing files, look for a non-existing file:
# RESULT.txt, RESULTS1.txt, RESULTS2.txt, ...

LogFile="${Dir}/RESULTS";

while ( [ -e "${LogFile}${j}.txt" ] ) ; do
if [ x"${j}" = x'' ]; then
j=0;
fi
j=$((${j}+1));
wait;
done

LogFile="${LogFile}${j}.txt"; ## The RESULTS file. ##
fi



## Redirect stdout to RESULT File ##
#
# exec 6>&1
# exec > "${LogFile}"



## Create temporary directory ##

Folder=$(mktemp -t -d BootInfo-XXXXXXXX);



## Create temporary filenames. ##

cd ${Folder}
Log=${Folder}/Log # File to record the summary.
Log1=${Folder}/Log1 # Most of the information which is not part of
# the summary is recorded in this file.
Error_Log=${Folder}/Error_Log # File to catch all unusal Standar Errors.
Trash=${Folder}/Trash # File to catch all usual Standard Errors these
# messagges will not be included in the RESULTS.
Mount_Error=${Folder}/Mount_Error # File to catch Mounting Errors.
Unknown_MBR=${Folder}/Unknown_MBR # File to record all unknown MBR and Boot sectors.
Tmp_Log=${Folder}/Tmp_Log # File to temporarily hold some information.
core_img_file=${Folder}/core_img # File to temporarily store an embedded core.img of grub2.
core_img_file_unlzma=${Folder}/core_img_unlzma # File to temporarily store the uncompressed part of core.img of grub2.
PartitionTable=${Folder}/PT # File to store the Partition Table.
FakeHardDrives=${Folder}/FakeHD # File to list devices which seem to have no corresponding drive.
BLKID=${Folder}/BLKID # File to store the output of blkid.



## Redirect all standard error to the file Error_Log. ##

exec 2> ${Error_Log};



## List of all hard drives ##
#
# Support more than 26 drives.

All_Hard_Drives=$(ls /dev/hd[a-z] /dev/hd[a-z][a-z] /dev/sd[a-z] /dev/sd[a-z][a-z] 2>> ${Trash});


## Add found RAID disks to list of hard drives. ##

if [ $(type dmraid >> ${Trash} 2>> ${Trash} ; echo $?) -eq 0 ] ; then
InActiveDMRaid=$(dmraid -si -c);

if [ x"${InActiveDMRaid}" = x"no raid disks" ] ; then
InActiveDMRaid='';
fi

if [ x"${InActiveDMRaid}" != x'' ] ; then
dmraid -ay ${InActiveDMRaid} >> ${Trash};
fi

if [ x"$(dmraid -sa -c)" != x"no raid disks" ] ; then
All_DMRaid=$(dmraid -sa -c | ${AWK} '{ print "/dev/mapper/"$0 }');
All_Hard_Drives="${All_Hard_Drives} ${All_DMRaid}";
fi
fi



## Arrays to hold information about Partitions: ##
#
# name, starting sector, ending sector, size in sector, partition type,
# filesystem type, UUID, kind(Logical, Primary, Extended), harddrive,
# boot flag, parent (for logical partitions), label,
# system(the partition id according the partition table),
# the device associated with the partition.

declare -a NamesArray StartArray EndArray SizeArray TypeArray FileArray UUIDArray KindArray DriveArray BootArray ParentArray LabelArray SystemArray DeviceArray;


## Arrays to hold information about the harddrives. ##

declare -a HDName FirstPartion LastPartition HDSize HDMBR HDHead HDTrack HDCylinder HDPT HDStart HDEnd HDUUID;


## Array for hard drives formatted as filesystem. ##

declare -a FilesystemDrives;



PI=-1; ## Counter for the identification number of a partition. (each partition gets unique number) ##
HI=0; ## Counter for the identification number of a hard drive. (each hard drive gets unique number) ##
PTFormat='%-10s %4s%14s%14s%14s %3s %s\n'; ## standard format (hexdump) to use for partition table. ##



## Get total number of blocks on a device. ##
#
# Sometimes "fdisk -s" seems to malfunction or isn't supported (busybox fdisk),
# so use "sfdisk -s" if available.
# If sfdisk isn't available, calculate the number of blocks from the number of
# sectors (divide by 2).

fdisks () {
if [ $(type sfdisk >> ${Trash} 2>> ${Trash} ; echo $?) -eq 0 ] ; then
sfdisk -s "$1" 2>> ${Trash};
else
# Calculate the number of blocks from the number of sectors (divide by 2).
fdisk -lu "$1" 2>> ${Trash} | awk '$0 ~ /, .*, .*, .*/ { print $(NF - 1) / 2 }';
fi
}



## A function which checks whether a file is on a mounted partition. ##

# List of mount points for devices: also allow mount points with spaces.

MountPoints=$(mount \
| ${AWK} -F "${TAB}" '{ if ( ($1 ~ "^/dev") && ($3 != "/") ) { sub(" on ", "\t", $0); sub(" type ", "\t", $0); print $2 } }' \
| sort -u);


FileNotMounted () {
local File=$1 curmp=$2;

IFS_OLD="${IFS}"; # Save original IFS.
IFS=$'\012'; # Set IFS temporarily to newline only, so mount points with spaces can be processed too.

for mp in ${MountPoints}; do
if [ $(expr match "${File}" "${mp}/" ) -ne 0 ] && [ "${mp}" != "${curmp}" ] ; then
IFS="${IFS_OLD}"; # Restore original IFS.
return 1;
fi
done

IFS="${IFS_OLD}"; # Restore original IFS.
return 0;
}



## Function which converts the two digit hexcode to the partition type. ##
#
# The following list is taken from sfdisk -T and
# http://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/partitions/partition_types-1.html
# is work in progress.

HexToSystem () {
local type=$1 system;

case ${type} in
0) system='Empty';;
1) system='FAT12';;
2) system='XENIX root';;
3) system='XENIX /usr';;
4) system='FAT16 <32M';;
5) system='Extended';;
6) system='FAT16';;
7) system='NTFS / exFAT / HPFS';;
8) system='AIX bootable';;
9) system='AIX data';;
a) system='OS/2 Boot Manager';;
b) system='W95 FAT32';;
c) system='W95 FAT32 (LBA)';;
e) system='W95 FAT16 (LBA)';;
f) system='W95 Extended (LBA)';;
10) system='OPUS';;
11) system='Hidden FAT12';;
12) system='Compaq diagnostics';;
14) system='Hidden FAT16 < 32M';;
16) system='Hidden FAT16';;
17) system='Hidden NTFS / HPFS';;
18) system='AST SmartSleep';;
1b) system='Hidden W95 FAT32';;
1c) system='Hidden W95 FAT32 (LBA)';;
1e) system='Hidden W95 FAT16 (LBA)';;
24) system='NEC DOS';;
27) system='Hidden NTFS (Recovery Environment)';;
2a) system='AtheOS File System';;
2b) system='SyllableSecure';;
32) system='NOS';;
35) system='JFS on OS/2';;
38) system='THEOS';;
39) system='Plan 9';;
3a) system='THEOS';;
3b) system='THEOS Extended';;
3c) system='PartitionMagic recovery';;
3d) system='Hidden NetWare';;
40) system='Venix 80286';;
41) system='PPC PReP Boot';;
42) system='SFS';;
44) system='GoBack';;
45) system='Boot-US boot manager';;
4d) system='QNX4.x';;
4e) system='QNX4.x 2nd part';;
4f) system='QNX4.x 3rd part';;
50) system='OnTrack DM';;
51) system='OnTrack DM6 Aux1';;
52) system='CP/M';;
53) system='OnTrack DM6 Aux3';;
54) system='OnTrack DM6 DDO';;
55) system='EZ-Drive';;
56) system='Golden Bow';;
57) system='DrivePro';;
5c) system='Priam Edisk';;
61) system='SpeedStor';;
63) system='GNU HURD or SysV';;
64) system='Novell Netware 286';;
65) system='Novell Netware 386';;
70) system='DiskSecure Multi-Boot';;
74) system='Scramdisk';;
75) system='IBM PC/IX';;
78) system='XOSL filesystem';;
80) system='Old Minix';;
81) system='Minix / old Linux';;
82) system='Linux swap / Solaris';;
83) system='Linux';;
84) system='OS/2 hidden C: drive';;
85) system='Linux extended';;
86) system='NTFS volume set';;
87) system='NTFS volume set';;
88) system='Linux plaintext';;
8a) system='Linux Kernel (AiR-BOOT)';;
8d) system='Free FDISK hidden Primary FAT12';;
8e) system='Linux LVM';;
90) system='Free FDISK hidden Primary FAT16 <32M';;
91) system='Free FDISK hidden Extended';;
92) system='Free FDISK hidden Primary FAT16';;
93) system='Amoeba/Accidently Hidden Linux';;
94) system='Amoeba bad block table';;
97) system='Free FDISK hidden Primary FAT32';;
98) system='Free FDISK hidden Primary FAT32 (LBA)';;
9a) system='Free FDISK hidden Primary FAT16 (LBA)';;
9b) system='Free FDISK hidden Extended (LBA)';;
9f) system='BSD/OS';;
a0) system='IBM Thinkpad hibernation';;
a1) system='Laptop hibernation';;
a5) system='FreeBSD';;
a6) system='OpenBSD';;
a7) system='NeXTSTEP';;
a8) system='Darwin UFS';;
a9) system='NetBSD';;
ab) system='Darwin boot';;
af) system='HFS / HFS+';;
b0) system='BootStar';;
b1 | b3) system='SpeedStor / QNX Neutrino Power-Safe';;
b2) system='QNX Neutrino Power-Safe';;
b4 | b6) system='SpeedStor';;
b7) system='BSDI fs';;
b8) system='BSDI swap';;
bb) system='Boot Wizard hidden';;
bc) system='Acronis BackUp';;
be) system='Solaris boot';;
bf) system='Solaris';;
c0) system='CTOS';;
c1) system='DRDOS / secured (FAT-12)';;
c2) system='Hidden Linux (PowerBoot)';;
c3) system='Hidden Linux Swap (PowerBoot)';;
c4) system='DRDOS secured FAT16 < 32M';;
c5) system='DRDOS secured Extended';;
c6) system='DRDOS secured FAT16';;
c7) system='Syrinx';;
cb) system='DR-DOS secured FAT32 (CHS)';;
cc) system='DR-DOS secured FAT32 (LBA)';;
cd) system='CTOS Memdump?';;
ce) system='DR-DOS FAT16X (LBA)';;
cf) system='DR-DOS secured EXT DOS (LBA)';;
d0) system='REAL/32 secure big partition';;
da) system='Non-FS data / Powercopy Backup';;
db) system='CP/M / CTOS / ...';;
dd) system='Dell Media Direct';;
de) system='Dell Utility';;
df) system='BootIt';;
e1) system='DOS access';;
e3) system='DOS R/O';;
e4) system='SpeedStor';;
e8) system='LUKS';;
eb) system='BeOS BFS';;
ec) system='SkyOS';;
ee) system='GPT';;
ef) system='EFI (FAT-12/16/32)';;
f0) system='Linux/PA-RISC boot';;
f1) system='SpeedStor';;
f2) system='DOS secondary';;
f4) system='SpeedStor';;
fb) system='VMware VMFS';;
fc) system='VMware VMswap';;
fd) system='Linux raid autodetect';;
fe) system='LANstep';;
ff) system='Xenix Bad Block Table';;
*) system='Unknown';;
esac

echo "${system}";
}



## Function to convert GPT's Partition Type. ##
#
# List from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table#Partition_type_GUIDs
#
# ABCDEFGH-IJKL-MNOP-QRST-UVWXYZabcdef is stored as
# GHEFCDAB-KLIJ-OPMN-QRST-UVWXYZabcdef (without the dashes)
#
# For easy generation of the following list:
# - Save list in a file "Partition_type_GUIDs.txt" in the folowing format:
#
# Partition Type (OS) <TAB> GUID
# Partition Type (OS) <TAB> GUID
# Partition Type (OS) <TAB> GUID
#
# - Then run the following:
#
# gawk -F '\t' '{ GUID=tolower($2); printf " %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s) system=\"%s\";;\n", substr(GUID,7,1), substr(GUID,8,1), substr(GUID,5,1), substr(GUID,6,1), substr(GUID,3,1), substr(GUID,4,1), substr(GUID,1,1), substr(GUID,2,1), substr(GUID,12,1), substr(GUID,13,1), substr(GUID,10,1), substr(GUID,11,1), substr(GUID,17,1), substr(GUID,18,1), substr(GUID,15,1), substr(GUID,16,1), substr(GUID,20,4), substr(GUID,25,12), $1 } END { print " *) system='-';" }' Partition_type_GUIDs.txt
#
# - Some GUIDs are not unique for one OS. To find them, you can run:
#
# gawk -F "\t" '{print $2}' GUID_Partition_Table_list.txt | sort | uniq -d | grep -f - GUID_Partition_Table_list.txt
#
# Basic data partition (Windows) EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7
# Data partition (Linux) EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7
# ZFS (Mac OS X) 6A898CC3-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631
# /usr partition (Solaris) 6A898CC3-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631
#

UUIDToSystem () {
local type=$1 system;

case ${type} in
00000000000000000000000000000000) system='Unused entry';;
41ee4d02e733d3119d690008c781f39f) system='MBR partition scheme';;
28732ac11ff8d211ba4b00a0c93ec93b) system='EFI System partition';;
4861682149646f6e744e656564454649) system='BIOS Boot partition';;

## GUIDs that are not unique for one OS ##
a2a0d0ebe5b9334487c068b6b72699c7) system='Data partition (Windows/Linux)';;
c38c896ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='ZFS (Mac OS X) or /usr partition (Solaris)';;

## Windows GUIDs ##
16e3c9e35c0bb84d817df92df00215ae) system='Microsoft Reserved Partition (Windows)';;
# Same GUID as old GUID for "Basic data partition (Linux)"
# a2a0d0ebe5b9334487c068b6b72699c7) system='Basic data partition (Windows)';;
aac808588f7ee04285d2e1e90434cfb3) system='Logical Disk Manager metadata partition (Windows)';;
a0609baf3114624fbc683311714a69ad) system='Logical Disk Manager data partition (Windows)';;
a4bb94ded106404da16abfd50179d6ac) system='Windows Recovery Environment (Windows)';;
90fcaf377def964e91c32d7ae055b174) system='IBM General Parallel File System (GPFS) partition (Windows)';;

## HP-UX GUIDs ##
1e4c8975eb3ad311b7c17b03a0000000) system='Data partition (HP-UX)';;
28e7a1e2e332d611a6827b03a0000000) system='Service Partition (HP-UX)';;

## Linux GUIDs ##
# Same GUID as "Basic data partition (Windows)" GUID
# a2a0d0ebe5b9334487c068b6b72699c7) system='Data partition (Linux)';;
# New GUID to avoid that Linux partitions show up as unformatted partitions in Windows.
af3dc60f838472478e793d69d8477de4) system='Data partition (Linux)';;
0f889da1fc053b4da006743f0f84911e) system='RAID partition (Linux)';;
6dfd5706aba4c44384e50933c84b4f4f) system='Swap partition (Linux)';;
79d3d6e607f5c244a23c238f2a3df928) system='Logical Volume Manager (LVM) partition (Linux)';;
3933a68d0700c060c436083ac8230908) system='Reserved (Linux)';;

## FreeBSD GUIDs ##
9d6bbd83417fdc11be0b001560b84f0f) system='Boot partition (FreeBSD)';;
b47c6e51cf6ed6118ff800022d09712b) system='Data partition (FreeBSD)';;
b57c6e51cf6ed6118ff800022d09712b) system='Swap partition (FreeBSD)';;
b67c6e51cf6ed6118ff800022d09712b) system='Unix File System (UFS) partition (FreeBSD)';;
b87c6e51cf6ed6118ff800022d09712b) system='Vinum volume manager partition (FreeBSD)';;
ba7c6e51cf6ed6118ff800022d09712b) system='ZFS partition (FreeBSD)';;

## Mac OS X GUIDs ##
005346480000aa11aa1100306543ecac) system='Hierarchical File System Plus (HFS+) partition (Mac OS X)';;
005346550000aa11aa1100306543ecac) system='Apple UFS (Mac OS X)';;
# c38c896ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='ZFS (Mac OS X)';;
444941520000aa11aa1100306543ecac) system='Apple RAID partition (Mac OS X)';;
444941524f5faa11aa1100306543ecac) system='Apple RAID partition offline (Mac OS X)';;
746f6f420000aa11aa1100306543ecac) system='Apple Boot partition (Mac OS X)';;
6562614c006caa11aa1100306543ecac) system='Apple Label (Mac OS X)';;
6f6365526576aa11aa1100306543ecac) system='Apple TV Recovery partition (Mac OS X)';;

## Solaris GUIDs ##
45cb826ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='Boot partition (Solaris)';;
4dcf856ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='Root partition (Solaris)';;
6fc4876ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='Swap partition (Solaris)';;
2b648b6ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='Backup partition (Solaris)';;
# c38c896ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='/usr partition (Solaris)';;
e9f28e6ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='/var partition (Solaris)';;
39ba906ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='/home partition (Solaris)';;
a583926ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='Alternate sector (Solaris)';;
3b5a946ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='Reserved partition (Solaris)';;
d130966ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='Reserved partition (Solaris)';;
6707986ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='Reserved partition (Solaris)';;
7f23966ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='Reserved partition (Solaris)';;
c72a8d6ad21db21199a6080020736631) system='Reserved partition (Solaris)';;

## NetBSD GUIDs ##
328df4490eb1dc11b99b0019d1879648) system='Swap partition (NetBSD)';;
5a8df4490eb1dc11b99b0019d1879648) system='FFS partition (NetBSD)';;
828df4490eb1dc11b99b0019d1879648) system='LFS partition (NetBSD)';;
aa8df4490eb1dc11b99b0019d1879648) system='RAID partition (NetBSD)';;
c419b52d0fb1dc11b99b0019d1879648) system='Concatenated partition (NetBSD)';;
ec19b52d0fb1dc11b99b0019d1879648) system='Encrypted partition (NetBSD)';;

## ChromeOS GUIDs ##
5d2a3afe324fa741b725accc3285a309) system="ChromeOS kernel";;
02e2b83c7e3bdd478a3c7ff2a13cfcec) system="ChromeOS rootfs";;
3d750a2e489eb0438337b15192cb1b5e) system="ChromeOS future use";;

*) system='-';
echo 'Unknown GPT Partiton Type' >> ${Unknown_MBR};
echo ${type} >> ${Unknown_MBR};;
esac

echo "${system}";
}



## Function which inserts a comma every third digit of a number. ##

InsertComma () {
echo $1 | sed -e :a -e 's/\(.*[0-9]\)\([0-9]\{3\}\)/\1,\2/;ta';
}



## Function to read 4 bytes starting at $1 of device $2 and convert result to decimal. ##

Read4Bytes () {
local start=$1 device=$2;

echo $(hexdump -v -s ${start} -n 4 -e '4 "%u"' ${device});
}



## Function to read 8 bytes starting at $1 of device $2 and convert result to decimal. ##

Read8Bytes () {
local start=$1 device=$2;
local first4 second4;

# Get ${first4} and ${second4} bytes at once.
eval $(hexdump -v -s ${start} -n 8 -e '1/4 "first4=%u; " 1/4 "second4=%u"' ${device});

echo $(( ${second4} * 1073741824 + ${first4} ));
}



## Functions to pretty print blkid output. ##

BlkidFormat='%-16s %-38s %-10s %s\n';

BlkidTag () {
echo $(blkid -s $2 -o value $1 2>> ${Trash});
}



PrintBlkid () {
local part=$1 suffix=$2;

if [ x"$(blkid ${part} 2> ${Tmp_Log})" != x'' ] ; then
printf "${BlkidFormat}" "${part}" "$(BlkidTag ${part} UUID)" "$(BlkidTag ${part} TYPE)" "$(BlkidTag ${part} LABEL)" >> ${BLKID}${suffix};
else
# blkid -p is not available on all systems.
# This contructs makes sure the "usage" message is not displayed, but catches the "ambivalent" error.
blkid -p "${part}" 2>&1 | grep "^${part}" >> ${BLKID}${suffix};
fi
}



## Read and display the partition table and check the partition table for errors. ##
#
# This function can be applied iteratively so extended partiton tables can also be processed.
#
# Function arguments:
#
# - arg 1: HI = HI of hard drive
# - arg 2: StartEx = start sector of the extended Partition
# - arg 3: N = number of partitions in table (4 for regular PT, 2 for logical
# - arg 4: PT_file = file for storing the partition table
# - arg 5: format = display format to use for displaying the partition table
# - arg 6: EPI = PI of the primary extended partition containing the extended partition.
# ( equals "" for hard drive)
# - arg 7: LinuxIndex = Last linux index assigned (the number in sdXY).

ReadPT () {
local HI=$1 StartEx=$2 N=$3 PT_file=$4 format=$5 EPI=$6 Base_Sector;
local LinuxIndex=$7 boot size start end type drive system;
local i=0 boot_hex label limit MBRSig;

drive=${HDName[${HI}]};
limit=${HDSize[${HI}]};

dd if=${drive} skip=${StartEx} of=${Tmp_Log} count=1 2>> ${Trash};

MBRSig=$(hexdump -v -s 510 -n 2 -e '"%04x"' ${Tmp_Log});

[[ "${MBRSig}" != 'aa55' ]] && echo 'Invalid MBR Signature found.' >> ${PT_file};

if [[ ${StartEx} -lt ${limit} ]] ; then
# set Base_Sector to 0 for hard drive, and to the start sector of the
# primary extended partition otherwise.
[[ x"${EPI}" = x'' ]] && Base_Sector=0 || Base_Sector=${StartArray[${EPI}]};

for (( i=0; i < N; i++ )) ; do
dd if=${drive} skip=${StartEx} of=${Tmp_Log} count=1 2>> ${Trash};

boot_hex=$(hexdump -v -s $((446+16*${i})) -n 1 -e '"%02x"' ${Tmp_Log});

case ${boot_hex} in
00) boot=' ';;
80) boot='* ';;
*) boot='?';;
esac

# Get amd set: partition type, partition start, and partition size.
eval $(hexdump -v -s $((450+16*${i})) -n 12 -e '1/1 "type=%x; " 3/1 "tmp=%x; " 1/4 "start=%u; " 1/4 "size=%u"' ${Tmp_Log});

if [[ ${size} -ne 0 ]] ; then
if ( ( [ "${type}" = '5' ] || [ "${type}" = 'f' ] ) && [ ${Base_Sector} -ne 0 ] ) ; then
# start sector of an extended partition is relative to the
# start sector of an primary extended partition.
start=$((${start}+${Base_Sector}));

if [[ ${i} -eq 0 ]] ; then
echo 'Extended partition linking to another extended partition.' >> ${PT_file};
fi

ReadPT ${HI} ${start} 2 ${PT_file} "${format}" ${EPI} ${LinuxIndex};
else
((PI++));

if [[ "${type}" = '5' || "${type}" = 'f' ]] ; then
KindArray[${PI}]='E';
else
# Start sector of a logical partition is relative to the
# start sector of directly assocated extented partition.
start=$((${start}+${StartEx}));
[[ ${Base_Sector} -eq 0 ]] && KindArray[${PI}]='P' || KindArray[${PI}]='L';
fi

LinuxIndex=$((${LinuxIndex}+1));
end=$((${start}+${size}-1));

[[ "${HDPT[${HI}]}" = 'BootIt' ]] && label="${NamesArray[${EPI}]}_" || label=${drive};

system=$(HexToSystem ${type});

printf "${format}" "${label}${LinuxIndex}" "${boot}" $(InsertComma ${start}) "$(InsertComma ${end})" "$(InsertComma ${size})" "${type}" "${system}" >> ${PT_file};

NamesArray[${PI}]="${label}${LinuxIndex}";
StartArray[${PI}]=${start};
EndArray[${PI}]=${end};
TypeArray[${PI}]=${type};
SystemArray[${PI}]="${system}";
SizeArray[${PI}]=${size};
BootArray[${PI}]="${boot}";
DriveArray[${PI}]=${HI};
ParentArray[${PI}]=${EPI};

( [[ x"${EPI}" = x'' ]] || [[ x"${DeviceArray[${EPI}]}" != x'' ]] ) && DeviceArray[${PI}]=${drive}${LinuxIndex};

if [[ "${type}" = '5' || "${type}" = 'f' ]] ; then
ReadPT ${HI} ${start} 2 ${PT_file} "${format}" ${PI} 4;
fi
fi

elif ( [ ${Base_Sector} -ne 0 ] && [ ${i} -eq 0 ] ) ; then
echo 'Empty Partition.' >> ${PT_file};
else
LinuxIndex=$((${LinuxIndex}+1));
fi
done
else
echo 'EBR refers to a location outside the hard drive.' >> ${PT_file};
fi
}



## Read the GPT partition table (GUID, EFI) ##
#
# Function arguments:
#
# - arg 1: HI = HI of hard drive
# - arg 2: GPT_file = file for storing the GPT partition table

ReadEFI () {
local HI=$1 GPT_file=$2 drive size N=0 i=0 format label PRStart start end type size system;

drive="${HDName[${HI}]}";
format='%-10s %14s%14s%14s %s\n';

printf "${format}" 'Partition' 'Start Sector' 'End Sector' '# of Sectors' 'System' >> ${GPT_file};

HDStart[${HI}]=$( Read8Bytes 552 ${drive});
HDEnd[${HI}]=$( Read8Bytes 560 ${drive});
HDUUID[${HI}]=$( hexdump -v -s 568 -n 16 -e '/1 "%02x"' ${drive});
PRStart=$( Read8Bytes 584 ${drive});
N=$( Read4Bytes 592 ${drive});
PRStart=$(( ${PRStart}*512));
PRSize=$( Read4Bytes 596 ${drive});

for (( i = 0; i < N; i++ )) ; do
type=$(hexdump -v -s $((${PRStart}+${PRSize}*${i})) -n 16 -e '/1 "%02x"' ${drive});

if [ "${type}" != '00000000000000000000000000000000' ] ; then
((PI++));

start=$(Read8Bytes $((${PRStart}+32+${PRSize}*${i})) ${drive});
end=$( Read8Bytes $((${PRStart}+40+${PRSize}*${i})) ${drive});

size=$((${end}-${start}+1));
system=$(UUIDToSystem ${type});
label=${drive}$((${i}+1));

printf "${format}" "${label}" "$(InsertComma ${start})" "$(InsertComma ${end})" "$(InsertComma ${size})" "${system}" >> ${GPT_file};

NamesArray[${PI}]=${label};
DeviceArray[${PI}]=${label};
StartArray[${PI}]=${start};
TypeArray[${PI}]=${type};
SizeArray[${PI}]=${size};
SystemArray[${PI}]=${system};
EndArray[${PI}]=${end};
DriveArray[${PI}]=${HI};
KindArray[${PI}]='P';
ParentArray[${PI}]='';
fi
done
}



## Read the Master Partition Table of BootIt NG. ##
#
# Function arguments:
#
# - arg 1: HI = HI of hard drive
# - arg 2: MPT_file = file for storing the MPT

ReadEMBR () {
local HI=$1 MPT_file=$2 drive size N=0 i=0 BINGIndex label start end type format;
local BINGUnknown system StoredPI FirstPI=${FirstPartition[$1]} LastPI=${PI} New;

drive="${HDName[${HI}]}";
format='%-18s %4s%14s%14s%14s %3s %-15s %3s %2s\n';

printf "${format}" 'Partition' 'Boot' 'Start Sector' 'End Sector' '# of Sectors' 'Id' 'System' 'Ind' '?' >> ${MPT_file};

N=$(hexdump -v -s 534 -n 1 -e '"%u"' ${drive});

for (( i = 0; i < N; i++ )) ; do
New=1;
BINGUnknown=$(hexdump -v -s $((541+28*${i})) -n 1 -e '"%x"' ${drive});
start=$( hexdump -v -s $((542+28*${i})) -n 4 -e '4 "%u"' ${drive});
end=$( hexdump -v -s $((546+28*${i})) -n 4 -e '4 "%u"' ${drive});
BINGIndex=$( hexdump -v -s $((550+28*${i})) -n 1 -e '"%u"' ${drive});
type=$( hexdump -v -s $((551+28*${i})) -n 1 -e '"%x"' ${drive});
size=$(( ${end}-${start}+1));
label=$( hexdump -v -s $((552+28*${i})) -n 15 -e '"%_u"' ${drive}| sed -e 's/nul[^$]*//');
system=$( HexToSystem ${type});

printf "${format}" "${label}" "-" "$(InsertComma ${start})" "$(InsertComma ${end})" "$(InsertComma ${size})" "${type}" "${system}" "${BINGIndex}" "${BINGUnknown}" >> ${MPT_file};

StoredPI=${PI};

for (( j = FirstPI; j <= LastPI; j++ )); do
if (( ${StartArray[${j}]} == ${start} )) ; then
PI=${j};
New=0;
break;
fi
done

if [ ${New} -eq 1 ] ; then
((PI++));
StoredPI=${PI};
StartArray[${PI}]=${start};
TypeArray[${PI}]=${type};
SizeArray[${PI}]=${size};
SystemArray[${PI}]=${system};
EndArray[${PI}]=${end};
DriveArray[${PI}]=${HI};
fi

NamesArray[${PI}]=${label};

if ( [ ${type} = 'f' ] || [ ${type} = '5' ] ) ; then
KindArray[${PI}]='E';
ParentArray[${PI}]=${PI};
ReadPT ${HI} ${start} 2 ${MPT_file} "${format}" ${PI} 4;
else
KindArray[${PI}]='P';
ParentArray[${PI}]='';
fi

PI=${StoredPI};

done
}



## Check partition table for errors. ##
#
# This function checks whether:
# - there are any overlapping partitions
# - the logical partitions are inside the extended partition
#
# Function arguments:
#
# - arg 1: PI_first = PI of first partition to consider
# - arg 2: PI_last = PI of last partition to consider
# - arg 3: CHK_file = file for the error messages
# - arg 4: HI = HI of containing hard drive

CheckPT () {
local PI_first=$1 PI_last=$2 CHK_file=$3 HI=$4;
local Si Ei Sj Ej Ki Kj i j k cyl track head cyl_bound sec_bound;

cyl=${HDCylinder[${HI}]};
track=${HDTrack[${HI}]};
head=${HDHead[${HI}]};
cyl_bound=$((cyl * track * head));
sec_bound=${HDSize[${HI}]};

for (( i = PI_first; i <= PI_last; i++ )); do
Si=${StartArray[${i}]};
Ei=${EndArray[${i}]};
Ki=${KindArray[${i}]};
Ni=${NamesArray[${i}]};

if [[ "${Ei}" -gt "${sec_bound}" ]] ; then
echo "${Ni} ends after the last sector of ${HDName[${HI}]}" >> ${CHK_file};
elif [[ "${Ei}" -gt "${cyl_bound}" ]] ; then
echo "${Ni} ends after the last cylinder of ${HDName[${HI}]}" >> ${Trash};
fi

if [[ ${Ki} = "L" ]] ; then
k=${ParentArray[${i}]};
Sk=${StartArray[${k}]};
Ek=${EndArray[${k}]};
Nk=${NamesArray[${k}]};
[[ ${Si} -le ${Sk} || ${Ei} -gt ${Ek} ]] && echo "the logical partition ${Ni} is not contained in the extended partition ${Nk}" >> ${CHK_file};
fi

for (( j = i+1; j <= PI_last; j++ )); do
Sj=${StartArray[${j}]};
Ej=${EndArray[${j}]};
Kj=${KindArray[${j}]};
Nj=${NamesArray[${j}]};

( !( ( [ "${Ki}" = 'L' ] && [ "${Kj}" = 'E' ] ) || ( [ "${Ki}" = 'E' ] && [ "${Kj}" = 'L' ] ) ) \
&& ( ( [ "${Si}" -lt "${Sj}" ] && [ "${Sj}" -lt "${Ei}" ] ) || ( [ "${Sj}" -lt "${Si}" ] && [ "${Si}" -lt "${Ej}" ] ) ) ) \
&& echo "${Ni} overlaps with ${Nj}" >> ${CHK_file};

done
done
}



## Syslinux ##
#
# Determine the exact Syslinux version ("SYSLINUX - version - date"), display
# the offset to the second stage, check the internal checksum (if not correct,
# the ldlinux.sys file, probably moved), display the directory to which
# Syslinux is installed.

syslinux_info () {
local partition=$1;

# Magic number used by Syslinux:
local LDLINUX_MAGIC='fe02b23e';

local LDLINUX_BSS LDLINUX_SECTOR2 ADV_2SECTORS;
local sect1ptr0_offset sect1ptr0 sect1ptr1 tmp;
local magic_offset syslinux_version syslinux_dir;

# Patch area variables:
local pa_version pa_size pa_hexdump_format pa_magic pa_instance pa_data_sectors;
local pa_adv_sectors pa_dwords pa_checksum pa_maxtransfer pa_epaoffset;
local pa_ldl_sectors pa_dir_inode;

# Extended patch area variables:
local epa_size epa_hexdump_format epa_advptroffset epa_diroffset epa_dirlen;
local epa_subvoloffset epa_subvollen epa_secptroffset epa_secptrcnt;
local epa_sect1ptr0 epa_sect1ptr1 epa_raidpatch epa_syslinuxbanner;

# ADV magic numbers:
local ADV_MAGIC_HEAD='a52f2d5a'; # Head signature
local ADV_MAGIC_TAIL='64bf28dd'; # Tail signature
local ADV_MAGIC_CHECKSUM=$((0xa3041767)); # Magic used for calculation ADV checksum

# ADV variables:
local ADVoffset ADV_calculated_checksum ADV_read_checksum ADVentry_offset;
local tag='999' tag_len label;

local csum;



# Clear previous Syslinux message string.
Syslinux_Msg='';

# Read first 512 bytes of partition and convert to hex (ldlinux.bss)
LDLINUX_BSS=$(hexdump -v -n512 -e '/1 "%02x"' ${partition});

# Look for LDLINUX_MAGIC: bytes 504-507
if [ "${LDLINUX_BSS:1008:8}" = "${LDLINUX_MAGIC}" ] ; then
# Syslinux 4.04-pre5 and higher.
pa_version=4; # Syslinux 4.xx patch area

# The offset of Sect1Load in LDLINUX_BSS can be found by doing a
# bitwise XOR of bytes 508-509 (little endian) with 0x1b << 9.
# sect1ptr0_offset starts 2 bytes furter than Sect1Load.
sect1ptr0_offset=$(( ( 0x${LDLINUX_BSS:1018:2}${LDLINUX_BSS:1016:2} ^ ( 0x1b << 9 ) ) + 2 ));

# Get "boot sector offset" (in sectors) of sector 1 ptr LSW: sect1ptr0
# Get "boot sector offset" (in sectors) of sector 1 ptr MSW: sect1ptr1
eval $(hexdump -v -s ${sect1ptr0_offset} -n 10 -e '1/4 "sect1ptr0=%u; " 1/2 "tmp=%u; " 1/4 "sect1ptr1=%u;"' ${partition});

else
# Check if bytes 508-509 = "7f00".
if [ "${LDLINUX_BSS:1016:4}" = '7f00' ] ; then
# Syslinux 3.xx
pa_version=3; # Syslinux 3.xx patch area

# Get "boot sector offset" (in sectors) of sector 1 ptr LSW: sect1ptr0
eval $(hexdump -v -s 504 -n 4 -e '1/4 "sect1ptr0=%u;"' ${partition});
else
# Syslinux 4.00 - Syslinux 4.04-pre4.
pa_version=4; # Syslinux 4.xx patch area

# Search for offset to sect1ptr0 (only found in Syslinux 4.xx)
# 66 b8 xx xx xx xx 66 ba xx xx xx xx bb 00
# [sect1ptr0] [sect1ptr1]
#
# Start searching for this hex string after the DOS superblock: byte 0x5a = 90
eval $(echo ${LDLINUX_BSS:180:844} \
| ${AWK} '{ mask_offset=match($0,"66b8........66ba........bb00"); \
if (mask_offset == "0") { print "sect1ptr0_offset=0;" } \
else { print "sect1ptr0_offset=" (mask_offset -1 ) / 2 + 2 + 90 } }');

if [ ${sect1ptr0_offset} -ne 0 ] ; then
# Syslinux 4.00 - Syslinux 4.04-pre4.

# Get "boot sector offset" (in sectors) of sector 1 ptr LSW: sect1ptr0
# Get "boot sector offset" (in sectors) of sector 1 ptr MSW: sect1ptr1
eval $(hexdump -v -s ${sect1ptr0_offset} -n 10 -e '1/4 "sect1ptr0=%u; " 1/2 "tmp=%u; " 1/4 "sect1ptr1=%u;"' ${partition});
else
Syslinux_Msg='No evidence that this is realy a Syslinux boot sector.';
return;
fi
fi
fi

Syslinux_Msg="Syslinux looks at sector ${sect1ptr0} of ${partition} for its second stage.";

# Start reading 0.5MiB (more than enough) from second sector of the Syslinux
# bootloader (= first sector of ldlinux.sys).
dd if=${partition} of=${Tmp_Log} skip=${sect1ptr0} count=1000 bs=512 2>> ${Trash};

# Get second sector of the Syslinux bootloader (= first sector of ldlinux.sys)
# and convert to hex.
LDLINUX_SECTOR2=$(hexdump -v -n 512 -e '/1 "%02x"' ${Tmp_Log});

# Look for LDLINUX_MAGIC (8 bytes aligned) in sector 2 of the Syslinux bootloader.
for (( magic_offset = $((0x10)); magic_offset < $((0x50)); magic_offset = magic_offset + 8 )); do
if [ "${LDLINUX_SECTOR2:$(( ${magic_offset} * 2 )):8}" = ${LDLINUX_MAGIC} ] ; then

if [ ${pa_version} -eq 4 ] ; then
# Syslinux 4.xx patch area.

# Patch area size: 4+4+2+2+4+4+2+2 = 4*4 + 4*2 = 24 bytes
pa_size='24';

# Get pa_magic, pa_instance, pa_data_sectors, pa_adv_sectors, pa_dwords, pa_checksum, pa_maxtransfer and pa_epaoffset.
pa_hexdump_format='1/4 "pa_magic=0x%04x; " 1/4 "pa_instance=0x%04x; " 1/2 "pa_data_sectors=%u; " 1/2 "pa_adv_sectors=%u; " 1/4 "pa_dwords=0x%u; " 1/4 "pa_checksum=0x%04x; " 1/2 "pa_maxtransfer=%u; " 1/2 "pa_epaoffset=%u;"';

eval $(hexdump -v -s ${magic_offset} -n ${pa_size} -e "${pa_hexdump_format}" ${Tmp_Log});

else
# Syslinux 3.xx patch area.

# Patch area size: 4+4+2+2+4+4 = 4*4 + 2*2 = 20 bytes
pa_size='20';

# Get pa_magic, pa_instance, pa_dwords, pa_ldl_sectors and pa_checksum.
# - pa_dwords: Total dwords starting at ldlinux_sys not including ADVs.
# - pa_ldl_sectors: Number of sectors - (bootsec + sector2) but including any ADVs.
pa_hexdump_format='1/4 "pa_magic=0x%04x; " 1/4 "pa_instance=0x%04x; " 1/2 "pa_dwords=%u; " 1/2 "pa_ldl_sectors=%u; " 1/4 "pa_checksum=0x%04x; " 1/4 "pa_dir_inode=%u;"';

eval $(hexdump -v -s ${magic_offset} -n ${pa_size} -e "${pa_hexdump_format}" ${Tmp_Log});

# Calulate pa_data_sectors: number of sectors (not including ldlinux.bss = first sector of Syslinux).
# - divide by 128 (128 dwords / 512 byte sector)
pa_data_sectors=$(( ${pa_dwords} / 128 ));

# If total dwords is not exactly a multiple of 128, round up the number of sectors (add 1).
if [ $(( ${pa_dwords}%128 )) -ne 0 ] ; then
pa_data_sectors=$(( ${pa_data_sectors} + 1 ));
fi


# Some Syslinux 4.00-pre?? releases are different:
# - have Syslinux 3.xx signature: bytes 508-509 = "7f00".
# - have the "boot sector offset" (in sectors) of sector 1 ptr LSW (bytes 504-507)
# for sect1ptr0, like Syslinux 3.xx.
# - have like Syslinux 4.xx, the same location for pa_data_sectors.
#
# If pa_dwords is less than 1024, it contains the value of pa_data_sectors:
# - if less and pa_words would really be pa_words: ldlinux.sys would be smaller than 4 kiB
# - if more and pa_words would really be pa_data_sectors: ldlinux.sys would be more than 500 kiB

if [ ${pa_dwords} -lt 1024 ] ; then
pa_data_sectors=${pa_dwords};
fi

fi


# Get the "SYSLINUX - version - date" string.
syslinux_version=$(hexdump -v -e '"%_p"' -s 2 -n $(( ${magic_offset} - 2 )) ${Tmp_Log});
syslinux_version="${syslinux_version% \.*}";

# Overwrite the "boot sector type" variable, which was set before calling this function,
# with a more exact Syslinux version number.
BST="${syslinux_version}";


# Check integrity of Syslinux:
# - Checksum starting at ldlinux.sys, stopping before the ADV part.
# - checksum start = LDLINUX_MAGIC - [sum of dwords].
# - add each dword to the checksum value.
# - the value of the checksum after adding all dwords of ldlinux.sys should be 0.

csum=$(hexdump -v -n $(( ${pa_data_sectors} * 512)) -e '/4 "%u\n"' ${Tmp_Log} \
| ${AWK} 'BEGIN { csum=4294967296-1051853566 } { csum=(csum + $1)%4294967296 } END {print csum}' );

if [ $(expr index "${csum}" 'e') -ne 0 ] ; then
# Check if the ${csum} variable contains an 'e'.
# "busybox awk" gives values like 3.20611e+09 instead of normal integer numbers.
Syslinux_Msg="${Syslinux_Msg} The integrity of Syslinux couldn't be verified (install gawk).";
elif [ ${csum} -ne 0 ] ; then
Syslinux_Msg="${Syslinux_Msg} The integrity check of Syslinux failed.";
return;
fi


if [ ${pa_version} -eq 4 ] ; then
# Extended patch area size: 11*2 = 22 bytes
epa_size='22';

# Get epa_advptroffset, epa_diroffset, epa_dirlen, epa_subvoloffset, epa_subvollen,
# epa_secptroffset, epa_secptrcnt, epa_sect1ptr0, epa_sect1ptr1 and epa_raidpatch.
epa_hexdump_format='1/2 "epa_advptroffset=%u; " 1/2 "epa_diroffset=%u; " 1/2 "epa_dirlen=%u; " 1/2 "epa_subvoloffset=%u; " 1/2 "epa_subvollen=%u; " 1/2 "epa_secptroffset=%u; " 1/2 "epa_secptrcnt=%u; " 1/2 "epa_sect1ptr0=%u; " 1/2 "epa_sect1ptr1=%u; " 1/2 "epa_raidpatch=%u; " 1/2 "epa_syslinuxbanner=%u;"';

eval $(hexdump -v -s ${pa_epaoffset} -n ${epa_size} -e "${epa_hexdump_format}" ${Tmp_Log});

# Get the Syslinux install directory.
syslinux_dir=$(hexdump -v -e '"%_p"' -s ${epa_diroffset} -n ${epa_dirlen} ${Tmp_Log});
syslinux_dir=${syslinux_dir%%\.*};

Syslinux_Msg="${Syslinux_Msg} ${syslinux_version:0:8} is installed in the ${syslinux_dir} directory.";


# In Syslinux 4.04 and higher, the whole Syslinux banner is not in the first sector of ldlinux.sys.
# Only the "SYSLINUX - version" string is still located in the first sector.
# epa_syslinuxbanner points to the whole "SYSLINUX - version - date" string.

if [ ${epa_syslinuxbanner} -lt $(( ${pa_data_sectors} * 512 )) ] ; then
# Get the "SYSLINUX - version - date" string.
tmp=$(hexdump -v -e '"%_p"' -s $(( ${epa_syslinuxbanner} + 2 )) -n 100 ${Tmp_Log});


# Check if we have Syslinux 4.04 or higher, which suppport the epa_syslinuxbanner field
# by comparing the first 8 bytes ("SYSLINUX") of the Syslinux banner from sector 1 with
# the 8 bytes to which epa_syslinuxbanner points.

if [ x"${tmp:0:8}" = x"${syslinux_version:0:8}" ] ; then
syslinux_version="${tmp%%\.No DEFAULT*}";

# Overwrite the "boot sector type" variable, which was set before calling this function,
# with a more exact Syslinux version number.
BST="${syslinux_version}";
fi
fi



# ADV stuff starts here.

if [ ${pa_adv_sectors} -ne 2 ] ; then
Syslinux_Msg="${Syslinux_Msg} There are ${pa_adv_sectors} ADV sectors instead of 2.";
return;
fi

# Get the ADV offset.
ADVoffset=$(( pa_data_sectors * 512 ));

# Get the ADV.
ADV_2SECTORS=$(hexdump -v -s ${ADVoffset} -n 1024 -e '/1 "%02x"' ${Tmp_Log});

# Check if the 2 ADV sectors are exactly the same.
if [ "${ADV_2SECTORS:0:1024}" != "${ADV_2SECTORS:1024:1024}" ] ; then
Syslinux_Msg="${Syslinux_Msg} The 2 ADV sectors are not the same (corrupt).";
return;
fi

# Check if the ADV area contains the ADV head and tail magic.
if ( [ "${ADV_2SECTORS:0:8}" = "${ADV_MAGIC_HEAD}" ] && [ "${ADV_2SECTORS:1016:8}" = "${ADV_MAGIC_TAIL}" ] ) ; then

# Caculate the ADV checksum.
ADV_calculated_checksum=$(hexdump -v -s $(( ${ADVoffset} + 8 )) -n $((512 - 3*4)) -e '/4 "%u\n"' ${Tmp_Log} \
| awk 'BEGIN { csum='${ADV_MAGIC_CHECKSUM}' } { csum=(csum - $1 + 4294967296)%4294967296 } END { print csum }');

ADV_read_checksum=$(hexdump -s $(( ${ADVoffset} + 4 )) -n 4 -e '/4 "%u\n"' ${Tmp_Log});


if [ ${ADV_calculated_checksum} -eq ${ADV_read_checksum} ] ; then

# Get the info stored in the ADV area:
#
# maximum 2 entries can be stored in the ADV, which have the following layout:
# - byte 1 : tag ==> 0 = no entry, 1 = boot-once entry, 2 = menu-save entry
# - byte 2 : tag_len ==> length of label string
# - byte 3 - (3 + tag_len) : label ==> label name that will be used

# First entry starts a offset 8.
ADVentry_offset=8;

until eval $(hexdump -s $(( ${ADVoffset} + ${ADVentry_offset} )) -n $((512 - 3*4)) \
-e '1/1 "tag=%u; " 1/1 "tag_len=%u; label='\''" 498 "%_p"' ${Tmp_Log};
printf "'");
[ ${tag} -eq 0 ] ; do


if [ ${tag_len} -gt 0 ] ; then
label=${label:0:${tag_len}};
fi

case ${tag} in
1) Syslinux_Msg="${Syslinux_Msg} ${syslinux_version:0:8}'s ADV is set to boot label \"${label}\" next boot only.";;
2) Syslinux_Msg="${Syslinux_Msg} ${syslinux_version:0:8}'s ADV is set to boot label \"${label}\" by default.";;
esac

# Adjust the ADVentry_offset, so it points to the next entry.
ADVentry_offset=$(( ${ADVentry_offset} + ${tag_len} + 2 ));

done
else
Syslinux_Msg="${Syslinux_Msg} The integrity check of the ADV area failed.";
fi
else
Syslinux_Msg="${Syslinux_Msg} The ADV head and tail magic bytes were not found.";
fi
fi

return;
fi
done

# LDLINUX_MAGIC not found.
Syslinux_Msg="${Syslinux_Msg} It is very unlikely that Syslinux is (still) installed. The second stage could not be found.";

}



## Grub Legacy ##
#
# Determine the embeded location of stage 2 in a stage 1 file,
# look for the stage 2 and, if found, determine the
# the location and the path of the embedded menu.lst.

stage2_loc () {
local stage1="$1" HI;

offset=$(hexdump -v -s 68 -n 4 -e '4 "%u"' "${stage1}");
dr=$(hexdump -v -s 64 -n 1 -e '1/1 "%u"' "${stage1}");
pa='T';
Grub_Version='';

for HI in ${!HDName[@]}; do
hdd=${HDName[${HI}]};

if [ ${offset} -lt ${HDSize[HI]} ] ; then
tmp=$(dd if=${hdd} skip=${offset} count=1 2>> ${Trash} | hexdump -v -n 4 -e '"%x"');

if [[ "${tmp}" = '3be5652' || "${tmp}" = 'bf5e5652' ]] ; then
# stage2 files were found.
dd if=${hdd} skip=$((offset+1)) count=1 of=${Tmp_Log} 2>> ${Trash};
pa=$(hexdump -v -s 10 -n 1 -e '"%d"' ${Tmp_Log});
stage2_hdd=${hdd};
Grub_String=$(hexdump -v -s 18 -n 94 -e '"%_u"' ${Tmp_Log});
Grub_Version=$(echo ${Grub_String} | sed -e 's/nul[^$]*//');
BL=${BL}${Grub_Version};
menu=$(echo ${Grub_String} | sed -e 's/[^\/]*//' -e 's/nul[^$]*//');
menu=${menu%% *};
fi
fi
done

dr=$((${dr}-127));
Stage2_Msg="looks at sector ${offset}";

if [ "${dr}" -eq 128 ] ; then
Stage2_Msg="${Stage2_Msg} of the same hard drive";
else
Stage2_Msg="${Stage2_Msg} on boot drive #${dr}";
fi

Stage2_Msg="${Stage2_Msg} for the stage2 file";

if [ "${pa}" = "T" ] ; then
# no stage 2 file found.
Stage2_Msg="${Stage2_Msg}, but no stage2 files can be found at this location.";
else
pa=$((${pa}+1));
Stage2_Msg="${Stage2_Msg}. A stage2 file is at this location on ${stage2_hdd}. Stage2 looks on";

if [ "${pa}" -eq 256 ] ; then
Stage2_Msg="${Stage2_Msg} the same partition";
else
Stage2_Msg="${Stage2_Msg} partition #${pa}";
fi

Stage2_Msg="${Stage2_Msg} for ${menu}.";
fi
}



## Grub2 ##
#
# Determine the (embeded) location of core.img for a Grub2 boot.img file,
# determine the path of the grub2 directory and look for an embedded config file.
#

grub2_info () {
local stage1="$1" hdd="$2" grub2_version="$3";

local sector_offset drive_offset directory_offset sector_nr drive_nr drive_nr_hex;
local partition core_dir embedded_config HI magic core_img_found=0 embedded_config_found=0;
local total_module_size kernel_image_size compressed_size offset_lzma lzma_uncompressed_size;
local grub_module_info_offset grub_module_magic grub_modules_offset grub_modules_size;
local grub_module_type grub_module_size grub_module_header_offset grub_modules_end_offset;


case "${grub2_version}" in
1.96) sector_offset='68'; drive_offset='76'; directory_offset='553';;
1.97) sector_offset='92'; drive_offset='100'; directory_offset='540';;
1.99) sector_offset='92'; drive_offset='100';;
esac

# Offset to core.img (in sectors).
sector_nr=$(hexdump -v -s ${sector_offset} -n 4 -e '4 "%u"' "${stage1}" 2>> ${Trash});

# BIOS drive number on which grub2 looks for its second stage (=core.img):
# - "0xff" means that grub2 will use the BIOS drive number passed via the DL register.
# - if this value isn't "0xff", that value will used instead.
drive_nr_hex=$(hexdump -v -s ${drive_offset} -n 1 -e '"0x%02x"' "${stage1}" 2>> ${Trash});
drive_nr=$(( ${drive_nr_hex} - 127 ));

Grub2_Msg="looks at sector ${sector_nr} of the same hard drive for core.img";

for HI in ${!HDName[@]} ; do
# If the drive name passed to grub2_info matches the drive name of the current
# value of HDName, see if the sector offset to core.img is smaller than the
# total number of sectors of that drive.

if [ ${hdd} = ${HDName[${HI}]} ] ; then
if [ ${sector_nr} -lt ${HDSize[HI]} ] ; then

if [ ${sector_nr} -eq 1 ] ; then
# Use "file/partition/drive" passed to grub2_info directly.
dd if="${stage1}" of=${core_img_file} skip=${sector_nr} count=1024 2>> ${Trash};
else
# Use "hdd" passed to grub2_info.
dd if="${hdd}" of=${core_img_file} skip=${sector_nr} count=1024 2>> ${Trash};
fi

magic=$(hexdump -v -n 4 -e '/1 "%02x"' ${core_img_file});

if ( [ "${magic}" = '5256be1b' ] || [ "${magic}" = '52e82801' ] ) ; then
# core.img file was found.
core_img_found=1;

if [ ${grub2_version} = '1.99' ] ; then

# For Grub2 (v1.99), the core_dir is just at the beginning of the compressed part of core.img:
#
# Get grub_total_module_size : byte 0x208-0x20b of embedded core.img ==> byte 520
# Get grub_kernel_image_size : byte 0x20c-0x20f of embedded core.img ==> byte 524
# Get grub_compressed_size : byte 0x210-0x213 of embedded core.img ==> byte 528
# Get grub_install_dos_part : byte 0x214-0x218 of embedded core.img ==> byte 532 --> only 1 byte needed (partition)

eval $(hexdump -v -s 520 -n 13 -e '1/4 "total_module_size=%u; " 1/4 "kernel_image_size=%u; " 1/4 "compressed_size=%u; " 1 "partition=%d;"' ${core_img_file});


# Scan for "d1 e9 df fe ff ff 00 00": last 8 bytes of lzma_decode to find the offset of the lzma_stream.
eval $(hexdump -v -n ${kernel_image_size} -e '1/1 "%02x"' ${core_img_file} | \
${AWK} '{ found_at=match($0, "d1e9dffeffff0000" ); if (found_at == "0") { print "offset_lzma=0" } \
else { print "offset_lzma=" ((found_at - 1 ) / 2 ) + 8 } }');

# Do we have xz or lzma installed?
if [ "${UNLZMA}" != 'none' ] ; then
if [ ${offset_lzma} -ne 0 ] ; then

# Correct the offset to the lzma stream, when 8 subsequent bytes of zeros are at the start of this offset,
if [ $(hexdump -v -s ${offset_lzma} -n 8 -e '1/1 "%02x"' ${core_img_file}) = '0000000000000000' ] ; then
offset_lzma=$(( ${offset_lzma} + 8 ));
fi

# Calculate the uncompressed size to which the compressed lzma stream needs to be expanded.
lzma_uncompressed_size=$(( ${total_module_size} + ${kernel_image_size} - ${offset_lzma} + 512 ));

# Make lzma header (13 bytes): ${lzma_uncompressed_size} must be displayed in little endian format.
printf '\x5d\x00\x00\x01\x00'$( printf '%08x' $((${total_uncompressed_size} - ${offset_lzma} + 512 )) | awk '{printf "\\x%s\\x%s\\x%s\\x%s", substr($0,7,2), substr($0,5,2), substr($0,3,2), substr($0,1,2)}' )'\x00\x00\x00\x00' > ${Tmp_Log};

# Get lzma_stream, add it after the lzma header and decompress it.
dd if=${core_img_file} bs=${offset_lzma} skip=1 count=$((${lzma_uncompressed_size} / ${offset_lzma} + 1)) 2>> ${Trash} \
| cat ${Tmp_Log} - | ${UNLZMA} > ${core_img_file_unlzma};

# Get core dir.
core_dir=$( hexdump -v -n 64 -e '"%_c"' ${core_img_file_unlzma} );
# Remove "\0"s at the end.
core_dir="${core_dir%%\\0*}";


# Offset of the grub_module_info structure in the uncompressed part.
grub_module_info_offset=$(( ${kernel_image_size} - ${offset_lzma} + 512 ));

eval $(hexdump -v -n 12 -s ${grub_module_info_offset} -e '"grub_module_magic=" 4/1 "%_c" 1/4 "; grub_modules_offset=%u; " 1/4 "grub_modules_size=%u;"' ${core_img_file_unlzma});

# Check for the existence of the grub_module_magic.
if [ x"${grub_module_magic}" = x'mimg' ] ; then
# Embedded grub modules found.
grub_modules_end_offset=$(( ${grub_module_info_offset} + ${grub_modules_size} ));
grub_module_header_offset=$(( ${grub_module_info_offset} + ${grub_modules_offset} ));

# Traverse through the list of modules and check if it is a config module.
while [ ${grub_module_header_offset} -lt ${grub_modules_end_offset} ] ; do

eval $(hexdump -v -n 8 -s ${grub_module_header_offset} -e '1/4 "grub_module_type=%u; " 1/4 "grub_module_size=%u;"' ${core_img_file_unlzma});

if [ ${grub_module_type} -eq 2 ] ; then
# This module is an embedded config file.
embedded_config_found=1;

embedded_config=$( hexdump -v -n $(( ${grub_module_size} - 8 )) -s $(( ${grub_module_header_offset} + 8 )) -e '"%_c"' ${core_img_file_unlzma} );
# Remove "\0" at the end.
embedded_config=$( printf "${embedded_config%\\0}" );

break;
fi

grub_module_header_offset=$(( ${grub_module_header_offset} + ${grub_module_size} ));

done
fi
fi
else
# When xz or lzma isn't available, we can't get the core_dir, but we still can show the other info.
core_dir='??';

echo 'To be able to see for which directory Grub2 (v1.99) looks for, install "xz" or "lzma".' >&2;
fi

else
# Grub2 (v1.96 and v1.97-1.98).
partition=$(hexdump -v -s 532 -n 1 -e '"%d"' ${core_img_file});
core_dir=$(hexdump -v -s ${directory_offset} -n 64 -e '"%_u"' ${core_img_file} | sed 's/nul[^$]*//');
fi
fi
fi
fi
done


if [ ${core_img_found} -eq 0 ] ; then
# core.img not found.
Grub2_Msg="${Grub2_Msg}, but core.img can not be found at this location";
else
# core.img found.

if [ "${drive_nr_hex}" != '0xff' ] ; then
Grub2_Msg="${Grub2_Msg}. Grub2 is configured to load core.img from BIOS drive ${drive_nr} (${drive_nr_hex}) instead of using the boot drive passed by the BIOS";
fi

Grub2_Msg="${Grub2_Msg}. core.img is at this location"

partition=$(( ${partition} + 1 ));

if [ ${embedded_config_found} -eq 0 ] ; then
# No embedded config file found.

if [ ${partition} -eq 255 ] ; then
Grub2_Msg="${Grub2_Msg} and looks for ${core_dir} on this drive";
else
Grub2_Msg="${Grub2_Msg} and looks in partition ${partition} for ${core_dir}";
fi

else
# Embedded config file found.

Grub2_Msg=$(printf "${Grub2_Msg} and uses an embedded config file:\n\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n${embedded_config}\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");

fi
fi
}



## Get embedded menu for grub4dos (grldr/grub.exe) and wee (installed in the MBR). ##
#
# Function arguments:
#
# - arg 1: source = file (grub4dos) / device (WEE)
# - arg 2: titlename = first part of the title that needs to be displayed
#

get_embedded_menu () {
local source=$1 titlename=$2;

# Check if magic bytes that go before the embedded menu, are present.
offset_menu=$(dd if="${source}" count=4 bs=128k 2>> ${Trash} | hexdump -v -e '/1 "%02x"' | grep -b -o 'b0021ace000000000000000000000000');

if [ -n "${offset_menu}" ] ; then
# Magic found.
titlebar_gen "${titlename}" " embedded menu";
echo '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------' >> "${Log1}";

# Calcutate the exact offset to the embedded menu.
offset_menu=$(( ( ${offset_menu%:*} / 2 ) + 16 ));
dd if="${source}" count=1 skip=1 bs=${offset_menu} 2>> ${Trash} | ${AWK} 'BEGIN { RS="\0" } { if (NR == 1) print $0 }' >> "${Log1}";

echo '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------' >> "${Log1}";
fi
}



## Show the location (offset) of a file on a disk ##
#
# Function arguments:
#
# - arg 1: filename1
# - arg 2: filename2
# - arg 3: filename3
# - ......
#

last_block_of_file () {
local display='0';

# Remove an existing ${Tmp_Log} log.
rm -f ${Tmp_Log};

# "$@" contains all function arguments (filenames).
for file in $(ls "$@" 2>> ${Trash}) ; do
if [[ -f ${file} ]] && [[ -s ${file} ]] && FileNotMounted "${mountname}/${file}" "${mountname}" ; then

# There are at least 2 versions of filefrag.
# For both versions, we can get the blocksize and the location of the block
# of the file that is the farest away from the beginning of the disk.
# For the newer version, we can also get the number of file fragments.

eval $(filefrag -v "${file}" \
| ${AWK} -F ' ' 'BEGIN { blocksize=0; expected=0; extents=1; ext_ind=0; last_ext_loc=0; ext_length=0; filefrag_old="false"; last_block=0 } \
{ if ( $1 == "Blocksize" ) { blocksize=$6; filefrag_old="true" }; \
if ( filefrag_old == "true" ) { \
if ( $1$2 ~ "LastBlock:" ) { print $3 }; \
} else { \
if ( $(NF-1) == "blocksize" ) { blocksize = substr($NF,0,length($NF) - 1) }; \
if ( expected != 0 && ext_ind == $1 ) { \
ext_ind += 1; \
if ( last_ext_loc < $3 ) { \
last_ext_loc = $3; \
if ( substr($0, expected, 1) == " " ) { \
ext_length = $4; } \
else { \
ext_length = $5; \
} \
} \
} \
if ($4 == "expected") { \
expected= index($0,"expected") + 7; }; \
if ($3 == "extents") { \
extents=$2; \
} \
} } END { \
if ( filefrag_old == "true" ) { \
bogus = last_block; \
EndByte = last_block * blocksize + 512 * '${start}'; \
printf "BlockSize=" blocksize "; Filefrag_Old=" filefrag_old "; " \
} else { \
bogus = last_ext_loc; \
EndByte = ( last_ext_loc + ext_length ) * blocksize + 512 * '${start}'; \
printf "BlockSize=" blocksize "; Fragments=" extents "; Filefrag_Old=" filefrag_old "; " \
} \
if ( ( bogus == 0) || ( extents == 0 ) ) { \
printf "EndGiByte=??; EndGByte=??;" \
} else { \
printf "EndGiByte=%.9f; EndGByte=%.9f;", EndByte / 1024 ^ 3, EndByte / 1000 ^ 3; \
} \
}');

if [ "${BlockSize}" -ne 0 ] ; then
if [ "${Filefrag_Old}" = "true" ] ; then
# Old version of filefrag.
printf "%14s = %-14s %s\n" "${EndGiByte}" "${EndGByte}" "${file}" >> ${Tmp_Log};
else
# New version of filefrag.
printf "%14s = %-14s %-45s %2s\n" "${EndGiByte}" "${EndGByte}" "${file}" "${Fragments}" >> ${Tmp_Log};
fi
fi

# If any of the files passed as arguments, is found, return 1.
display=1;
fi
done

return ${display};
}



## Get_Partition_Info search a partition for information relevant for booting. ##
#
# Function arguments:
#
# - arg 1: log = local version of RESULT.txt
# - arg 2: log1 = local version of log1
# - arg 3: part = device for the partition
# - arg 4: name = descriptive name for the partition
# - arg 5: mountname = path where partition will be mounted.
# - arg 6: kind = kind of the partition
# - arg 7: start = starting sector of the partition
# - arg 8: end = ending sector of the partition
# - arg 9: system = system of the partition
# - arg 10: PI = PI of the partition, (equal to "", if not a regular partition)

Get_Partition_Info() {
local Log="$1" Log1="$2" part="$3" name="$4" mountname="$5" kind="$6" start="$7" end="$8" system="$9" PI="${10}";
local line size=$((end-start)) BST='' BSI='' BFI='' OS='' BootFiles='' Bytes80_to_83='' Bytes80_to_81='' offset='';
local offset_menu='' part_no_mount=0 com32='' com32_version='';


echo "Searching ${name} for information... ";
PrintBlkid ${part};

# Type of filesystem according to blkid.
type=$(BlkidTag ${part} TYPE);

[ "${system}" = 'BIOS Boot partition' ] && type='BIOS Boot partition';
[ -n ${PI} ] && FileArray[${PI}]=${type};

# Display partition subtitle of 80 characters width.
line='____________________________________________ ____________________________________';
line=${line:$(( ${#name} + 2 ))};

printf '%s: %s\n\n' "${name}" "${line}" >> "${Log}";

# Directory where the partition will be mounted.
mkdir -p "${mountname}";

# Check for extended partion.
if ( [ "${kind}" = 'E' ] && [ x"${type}" = x'' ] ) ; then
type='Extended Partition';

# Don't display the error message from blkid for extended partition.
cat ${Tmp_Log} >> ${Trash};
else
cat ${Tmp_Log} >&2;
fi

# Display the File System Type.
echo " File system: ${type}" >> "${Log}";

# Get bytes 0x80-0x83 of the Volume Boot Record (VBR).
Bytes80_to_83=$(hexdump -v -n 4 -s $((0x80)) -e '4/1 "%02x"' ${part});

# Get bytes 0x80-0x81 of VBR to identify Boot sectors.
Bytes80_to_81="${Bytes80_to_83:0:4}";


case ${Bytes80_to_81} in
0069) BST='ISOhybrid (Syslinux 3.72-3.73)';;
010f) BST='HP Recovery';;
019d) BST='BSD4.4: FAT32';;
0211) BST='Dell Utility: FAT16';;
0488) BST="Grub2's core.img";;
0689) BST='Syslinux 3.00-3.52';
syslinux_info ${part};
BSI="${BSI} ${Syslinux_Msg}";;
7405) BST='Windows 7: FAT32';;
0734) BST='Dos_1.0';;
0745) BST='Windows Vista: FAT32';;
089e) BST='MSDOS5.0: FAT16';;
08cd) BST='Windows XP: NTFS';;
0b60) BST='Dell Utility: FAT16';;
0bd0) BST='MSWIN4.1: FAT32';;
0e00) BST='Dell Utility: FAT16';;
0fb6) BST='ISOhybrid with partition support (Syslinux 3.82-3.86)';;
2a00) BST='ReactOS';;
2d5e) BST='Dos 1.1';;
31c0) BST='Syslinux 4.03 or higher';
syslinux_info ${part} '4.03';
BSI="${BSI} ${Syslinux_Msg}";;
31d2) BST="Grub2's core.img";;
3a5e) BST='Recovery: FAT32';;
407c) BST='ISOhybrid (Syslinux 3.82-4.04)';;
4216) BST='Grub4Dos: NTFS';;
4445) BST='Dell Restore: FAT32';;
55aa) case ${Bytes80_to_83} in
55aa750a) BST='Grub4Dos: FAT32';;
55aa* ) BST='Windows Vista/7: NTFS';; # 55aa7506 = Windows Vista
esac;;
55cd) BST='FAT32';;
5626) BST='Grub4Dos: EXT2/3/4';;
638b) BST='Freedos: FAT32';;
6616) BST='FAT16';;
696e) BST='FAT16';;
6974) BST='BootIt: FAT16';;
6f65) BST='BootIt: FAT16';;
6f6e) BST='-';; # 'MSWIN4.1: Fat 32'
6f74) BST='FAT32';;
7815) case ${Bytes80_to_83} in
7815b106) BST='Syslinux 3.53-3.86';
syslinux_info ${part};
BSI="${BSI} ${Syslinux_Msg}";;
7815* ) BST='FAT32';;
esac;;
7cc6) BST='MSWIN4.1: FAT32';;
# 7cc6) BST='Win_98';;
7e1e) BST='Grub4Dos: FAT12/16';;
8a56) BST='Acronis SZ: FAT32';;
83e1) BST='ISOhybrid with partition support (Syslinux 4.00-4.04)';;
8ec0) BST='Windows XP: NTFS';;
8ed0) BST='Dell Recovery: FAT32';;
b106) BST='Syslinux 4.00-4.02';
syslinux_info ${part};
BSI="${BSI} ${Syslinux_Msg}";;
b600) BST='Dell Utility: FAT16';;
b6c6) BST='ISOhybrid with partition support (Syslinux 3.81)';;
b6d1) BST='Windows XP: FAT32';;
e2f7) BST='FAT32, Non Bootable';;
e879) BST='ISOhybrid (Syslinux 3.74-3.80)';;
e9d8) BST='Windows Vista/7: NTFS';;
f6f6) BST='- (cleared BS by FDISK)';;
fa33) BST='Windows XP: NTFS';;
fbc0) BST='ISOhybrid (Syslinux 3.81)';;

## If Grub or Grub 2 is in the boot sector, investigate the embedded information. ##
48b4) BST='Grub2 (v1.96)';
grub2_info ${part} ${drive} '1.96';
BSI="${BSI} Grub2 (v1.96) is installed in the boot sector of ${name} and ${Grub2_Msg}.";;
7c3c) BST='Grub2 (v1.97-1.98)';
grub2_info ${part} ${drive} '1.97';
BSI="${BSI} Grub2 (v1.97-1.98) is installed in the boot sector of ${name} and ${Grub2_Msg}.";;
0020) BST='Grub2 (v1.99)';
grub2_info ${part} ${drive} '1.99';
BSI="${BSI} Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the boot sector of ${name} and ${Grub2_Msg}.";;
aa75 | 5272) BST='Grub Legacy';
stage2_loc ${part};
BSI="${BSI} Grub Legacy (v${Grub_Version}) is installed in the boot sector of ${name} and ${Stage2_Msg}";;

## If Lilo is in the VBR, look for map file ##
8053) BST='LILO';
# 0x20-0x23 contains the offset of /boot/map.
offset=$(hexdump -v -s 32 -n 4 -e '"%u"' ${part});

BSI="${BSI} LILO is installed in boot sector of ${part} and looks at sector ${offset} of ${drive} for the \"map\" file,";

# check whether offset is on the hard drive.
if [ ${offset} -lt ${size} ] ; then
tmp=$(dd if=${drive} skip=${offset} count=1 2>> ${Trash} | hexdump -v -s 508 -n 4 -e '"%_p"');

if [ "${tmp}" = 'LILO' ] ; then
BSI="${BSI} and the \"map\" file was found at this location.";
else
BSI="${BSI} but the \"map\" file was not found at this location.";
fi
else
BSI="${BSI} but the \"map\" file was not found at this location.";
fi;;

0000) # If the first two bytes are zero, the boot sector does not contain any boot loader.
BST='-';;

*) BST='Unknown';
printf "Unknown BootLoader on ${name}\n\n" >> ${Unknown_MBR};
hexdump -n 512 -C ${part} >> ${Unknown_MBR};
echo >> ${Unknown_MBR};;
esac

# Display the boot sector type.
echo " Boot sector type: ${BST}" >> "${Log}";



## Investigate the Boot Parameter Block (BPB) of a NTFS partition. ##

if [ "${type}" = 'ntfs' ] ; then
offset=$(hexdump -v -s 28 -n 4 -e '"%u"' ${part});
BPB_Part_Size=$(hexdump -v -s 40 -n 4 -e '"%u"' ${part})
Comp_Size=$(( (${BPB_Part_Size} - ${size}) / 256 ))
SectorsPerCluster=$(hexdump -v -s 13 -n 1 -e '"%d"' ${part});
MFT_Cluster=$(hexdump -v -s 48 -n 4 -e '"%d"' ${part});
MFT_Sector=$(( ${MFT_Cluster} * ${SectorsPerCluster} ));

# Track=$(hexdump -v -s 24 -n 2 -e '"%u"' ${part})'' # Number of sectors per track.
# Heads=$(hexdump -v -s 26 -n 2 -e '"%u"' ${part})'' # Number of heads.
#
# if [ "${Heads}" -ne 255 ] || [ "${Track}" -ne 63 ] ; then
# BSI="${BSI} Geometry: ${Heads} Heads and ${Track} sectors per Track."
# fi

if [[ "${MFT_Sector}" -lt "${size}" ]] ; then
MFT_FILE=$(dd if=${part} skip=${MFT_Sector} count=1 2>> ${Trash} | hexdump -v -n 4 -e '"%_u"');
else
MFT_FILE='';
fi

MFT_Mirr_Cluster=$(hexdump -v -s 56 -n 4 -e '"%d"' ${part});
MFT_Mirr_Sector=$(( ${MFT_Mirr_Cluster} * ${SectorsPerCluster} ));

if [[ "${MFT_Mirr_Sector}" -lt "${size}" ]] ; then
MFT_Mirr_FILE=$(dd if=${part} skip=${MFT_Mirr_Sector} count=1 2>> ${Trash} | hexdump -v -n 4 -e '"%_u"');
else
MFT_Mirr_FILE='';
fi

if ( [ "${offset}" -eq "${start}" ] && [ "${MFT_FILE}" = 'FILE' ] && [ "${MFT_Mirr_FILE}" = 'FILE' ] && [ "${Comp_Size}" -eq 0 ] ) ; then
BSI="${BSI} No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.";
else
if [[ "${offset}" -ne "${start}" ]] ; then
BSI="${BSI} According to the info in the boot sector, ${name} starts at sector ${offset}.";

if [[ "${offset}" -ne 63 && "${offset}" -ne 2048 && "${offset}" -ne 0 || "${kind}" != 'L' ]] ; then
BSI="${BSI} But according to the info from fdisk, ${name} starts at sector ${start}.";
fi
fi

if [[ "${MFT_FILE}" != "FILE" ]] ; then
BSI="${BSI} The info in boot sector on the starting sector of the MFT is wrong.";
printf "MFT Sector of ${name}\n\n" >> ${Unknown_MBR};
dd if=${part} skip=${MFT_Sector} count=1 2>> ${Trash} | hexdump -C >> ${Unknown_MBR};
fi

if [[ "${MFT_Mirr_FILE}" != 'FILE' ]] ; then
BSI="${BSI} The info in the boot sector on the starting sector of the MFT Mirror is wrong.";
fi

if [[ "${Comp_Size}" -ne 0 ]] ; then
BSI="${BSI} According to the info in the boot sector, ${name} has ${BPB_Part_Size} sectors, but according to the info from fdisk, it has ${size} sectors.";
fi
fi
fi



## Investigate the Boot Parameter Block (BPB) of (some) FAT partition. ##

# Identifies Fat Bootsectors which are used for booting.
# if [[ "${Bytes80_to_81}" = '7cc6' || "${Bytes80_to_81}" = '7815' || "${Bytes80_to_81}" = 'b6d1' || "${Bytes80_to_81}" = '7405' || "${Bytes80_to_81}" = '6974' || "${Bytes80_to_81}" = '0bd0' || "${Bytes80_to_81}" = '089e' ]] ;

if [[ "${type}" = 'vfat' ]] ; then
offset=$(hexdump -v -s 28 -n 4 -e '"%d\n"' ${part}); # Starting sector the partition according to BPB.
BPB_Part_Size=$(hexdump -v -s 32 -n 4 -e '"%d"' ${part}); # Partition size in sectors according to BPB.
Comp_Size=$(( (BPB_Part_Size - size)/256 )) # This number will be unequal to zero, if the 2
# partions sizes differ by more than 255 sectors.

#Track=$(hexdump -v -s 24 -n 2 -e '"%u"' ${part})'' # Number of sectors per track.
#Heads=$(hexdump -v -s 26 -n 2 -e '"%u"' ${part})'' # Number of heads
#if [[ "${Heads}" -ne 255 || "${Track}" -ne 63 ]] ; then # Checks for an usual geometry.
# BSI=$(echo ${BSI}" "Geometry: ${Heads} Heads and ${Track} sectors per Track.) ### Report unusal geometry
#fi;

# Check whether Partitons starting sector and the Partition Size of BPB and fdisk agree.
if [[ "${offset}" -eq "${start}" && "${Comp_Size}" -eq "0" ]] ; then
BSI="${BSI} No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block."; # If they agree.
else # If they don't agree.
if [[ "${offset}" -ne "${start}" ]] ; then # If partition starting sector disagrees.
# Display the starting sector according to the BPB.
BSI="${BSI} According to the info in the boot sector, ${name} starts at sector ${offset}.";

# Check whether partition is a logcial partition and if its starting sector value is a 63 or 2048.
if [[ "${offset}" -ne "63" && "${offset}" -ne "2048" || "${kind}" != "L" ]] ; then
# If not, display starting sector according to fdisk.
BSI="${BSI} But according to the info from fdisk, ${name} starts at sector ${start}.";
else
# This is quite common occurence, and only matters if one tries to boot Windows from a logical partition.
BSI="${BSI} But according to the info from fdisk, ${name} starts at sector ${start}. \"63\" and \"2048\" are quite common values for the starting sector of a logical partition and they only need to be fixed when you want to boot Windows from a logical partition.";
fi
fi

# If partition sizes from BPB and FDISK differ by more than 255 sector, display both sizes.
if [[ "${Comp_Size}" -ne "0" ]] ; then
BSI="${BSI} According to the info in the boot sector, ${name} has ${BPB_Part_Size} sectors.";

if [[ "$BPB_Part_Size" -ne 0 ]] ; then
BSI="${BSI}. But according to the info from the partition table, it has ${size} sectors.";
fi # Don't display a warning message in the common case BPB_Part_Size=0.
fi
fi # End of BPB Error if-then-else.
fi # End of Investigation of the BPB of vfat partitions.



## Display boot sector info. ##

printf ' Boot sector info: ' >> "${Log}";
printf "${BSI}\n" | fold -s -w 55 | sed -e '/^-------------------------$/ d' -e '2~1s/.*/ &/' >> "${Log}";




## Exclude partitions which contain no information, or which we (currently) don't know how to accces. ##

case "${type}" in
'BIOS Boot partition' ) part_no_mount=1;;
'crypto_LUKS' ) part_no_mount=1;;
'Extended Partition' ) part_no_mount=1;;
'linux_raid_member' ) part_no_mount=1;;
'LVM2_member' ) part_no_mount=1;;
'swap' ) part_no_mount=1;;
'unknown volume type' ) part_no_mount=1;;
esac

if [ "${part_no_mount}" -eq 0 ] ; then

# Look for a mount point of the current partition.
# If multiple mount points are found, use the one with the shortest pathname.
CheckMount=$(mount | ${AWK} -F "${TAB}" '$0 ~ "^'${part}' " { sub(" on ", "\t", $0); sub(" type ", "\t", $0); print $2 }' | sort | ${AWK} '{ print $0; exit}');

# Check whether partition is already mounted.
if [ x"${CheckMount}" != x'' ] ; then
if [ "${CheckMount}" = "/" ] ; then
mountname='';
else
# If yes, use the existing mount point.
mountname="${CheckMount}";
fi
fi

# Try to mount the partition.
if [ x"${CheckMount}" != x'' ] || mount -r -t "${type}" ${part} "${mountname}" 2>> ${Mount_Error} \
|| ( [ "${type}" = ntfs ] && ntfs-3g -o ro ${part} "${mountname}" 2>> ${Mount_Error} ) ; then

# If partition is mounted, try to identify the Operating System (OS) by looking for files specific to the OS.
OS='';

grep -q "W.i.n.d.o.w.s. .V.i.s.t.a" "${mountname}"/{windows,Windows,WINDOWS}/{System32,system32}/{Winload,winload}.exe 2>> ${Trash} && OS='Windows Vista';

grep -q "W.i.n.d.o.w.s. .7" "${mountname}"/{windows,Windows,WINDOWS}/{System32,system32}/{Winload,winload}.exe 2>> ${Trash} && OS='Windows 7';

for WinOS in 'MS-DOS' 'MS-DOS 6.22' 'MS-DOS 6.21' 'MS-DOS 6.0' 'MS-DOS 5.0' 'MS-DOS 4.01' 'MS-DOS 3.3' 'Windows 98' 'Windows 95'; do
grep -q "${WinOS}" "${mountname}"/{IO.SYS,io.sys} 2>> ${Trash} && OS="${WinOS}";
done

[ -s "${mountname}/Windows/System32/config/SecEvent.Evt" ] || [ -s "${mountname}/WINDOWS/system32/config/SecEvent.Evt" ] || [ -s "${mountname}/WINDOWS/system32/config/secevent.evt" ] || [ -s "${mountname}/windows/system32/config/secevent.evt" ] && OS='Windows XP';

[ -s "${mountname}/ReactOS/system32/config/SecEvent.Evt" ] && OS='ReactOS';

[ -s "${mountname}/etc/issue" ] && OS=$(sed -e 's/\\. //g' -e 's/\\.//g' -e 's/^[ \t]*//' "${mountname}"/etc/issue);

[ -s "${mountname}/etc/slackware-version" ] && OS=$(sed -e 's/\\. //g' -e 's/\\.//g' -e 's/^[ \t]*//' "${mountname}"/etc/slackware-version);



## Search for the files in ${Bootfiles} ##
#
# If found, display their content.

BootFiles='';

if [ "${type}" = 'vfat' ] ; then
Boot_Files=${Boot_Files_Fat};
else
Boot_Files=${Boot_Files_Normal};
fi

for file in ${Boot_Files} ; do
if [ -f "${mountname}${file}" ] && [ -s "${mountname}${file}" ] && FileNotMounted "${mountname}${file}" "${mountname}" ; then
BootFiles="${BootFiles} ${file}";

# Check whether the file is a symlink.
if ! [ -h "${mountname}${file}" ] ; then
# if not a symlink, display content.

if ( [ ${file} = '/grldr' ] || [ ${file} = '/grub.exe' ] ) ; then
# Display the embedded menu of grub4dos.
get_embedded_menu "${mountname}${file}" "${name}${file}";
else
titlebar_gen "${name}" ${file}; # Generates a titlebar above each file listed.
echo '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------' >> "${Log1}";
cat "${mountname}${file}" >> "${Log1}";
echo '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------' >> "${Log1}";
fi
fi
fi
done



## Search for Wubi partitions. ##

if [ -f "${mountname}/ubuntu/disks/root.disk" ] ; then
Wubi=$(losetup -a | ${AWK} '$3 ~ "(/host/ubuntu/disks/root.disk)" { print $1; exit }' | sed 's/.$//' );

# check whether Wubi already has a loop device.
if [[ x"${Wubi}" = x'' ]] ; then
Wubi=$(losetup -f --show "${mountname}/ubuntu/disks/root.disk" );
WubiDev=0;
else
WubiDev=1;
fi

if [ x"${Wubi}" != x'' ] ; then
Get_Partition_Info "${Log}"x "${Log1}"x "${Wubi}" "${name}/Wubi" "Wubi/${mountname}" 'Wubi' 0 0 'Wubi' '';

# Remove Wubu loop device, if created by BIS.
[[ ${WubiDev} -eq 0 ]] && losetup -d "${Wubi}";
else
echo "Found Wubi on ${name}. But could not create a loop device." >&2;
fi
fi



## Search for the filenames in ${Boot_Prog}. ##
#
# If found displays their names.

if [ "${type}" = 'vfat' ] ; then
# Check FAT filesystems for EFI boot files.
for file in "${mountname}"/efi/*/*.efi ; do
# Remove "${mountname}" part of the filename.
file="${file#${mountname}}";

if [ -f "${mountname}${file}" ] && [ -s "${mountname}${file}" ] && FileNotMounted "${mountname}${file}" "${mountname}" ; then
BootFiles="${BootFiles} ${file}";
fi
done

# Other boot program files.
Boot_Prog=${Boot_Prog_Fat};
else
Boot_Prog=${Boot_Prog_Normal};
fi

for file in ${Boot_Prog} ; do
if [ -f "${mountname}${file}" ] && [ -s "${mountname}${file}" ] && FileNotMounted "${mountname}${file}" "${mountname}" ; then
BootFiles="${BootFiles} ${file}";
fi
done



## Search for files containing boot codes. ##

# Loop through all directories which might contain boot_code files.
for file in ${Boot_Codes_Dir} ; do

# If such directory exist ...
if [ -d "${mountname}${file}" ] && FileNotMounted "${mountname}${file}" "${mountname}" ; then
# Look at the content of that directory.
for loader in $( ls "${mountname}${file}" ) ; do
# If it is a file ...
if [ -f "${mountname}${file}${loader}" ] && [ -s "${mountname}${file}${loader}" ] ; then

# Bootpart code has "BootPart" written at 0x101
sig=$(hexdump -v -s 257 -n 8 -e '8/1 "%_p"' "${mountname}${file}${loader}");

if [ "${sig}" = 'BootPart' ] ; then
offset=$(hexdump -v -s 241 -n 4 -e '"%d"' "${mountname}${file}${loader}");
dr=$(hexdump -v -s 111 -n 1 -e '"%d"' "${mountname}${file}${loader}");
dr=$((dr - 127));
BFI="${BFI} BootPart in the file ${file}${loader} is trying to chainload sector #${offset} on boot drive #${dr}";
fi

# Grub Legacy, Grub2 (v1.96) and Grub2 (v1.99) have "GRUB" written at 0x17f.
sig=$(hexdump -v -s 383 -n 4 -e '4/1 "%_p"' "${mountname}${file}${loader}");

if [ "${sig}" = 'GRUB' ] ; then
sig2=$(hexdump -v -n 2 -e '/1 "%02x"' "${mountname}${file}${loader}");

# Distinguish Grub Legacy and Grub2 (v1.96) by the first two bytes.
case "${sig2}" in
eb48) stage2_loc "${mountname}${file}${loader}";
BFI="${BFI} Grub Legacy (v${Grub_Version}) in the file ${file}${loader} ${Stage2_Msg}";;
eb4c) grub2_info "${mountname}${file}${loader}" ${drive} 1.96;
BFI="${BFI} Grub2 (v1.96) in the file ${file}${loader} ${Grub2_Msg}.";;
eb63) grub2_info "${mountname}${file}${loader}" ${drive} 1.99;
BFI="${BFI} Grub2 (v1.99) in the file ${file}${loader} ${Grub2_Msg}.";;
esac
fi

# Grub2 (v1.97-1.98) has "GRUB" written at 0x188.
sig=$(hexdump -v -s 392 -n 4 -e '4/1 "%_p"' "${mountname}${file}${loader}");

if [ "${sig}" = 'GRUB' ]; then
grub2_info "${mountname}${file}${loader}" ${drive} 1.97;
BFI="${BFI} Grub2 (v1.97-1.98) in the file ${file}${loader} ${Grub2_Msg}.";
fi
fi
done # End of loop through the files in a particular Boot_Code_Directory.
fi
done # End of the loop through the Boot_Code_Directories.



## Show the location (offset on disk) of all files in: ##
# - the GrubError18_Files list
# - the SyslinuxError_Files list

cd "${mountname}/";

if [ $( last_block_of_file ${GrubError18_Files} ; echo $? ) -ne 0 ] ; then
titlebar_gen "${name}" ': Location of files loaded by Grub';
printf "%11sGiB - GB%13sFile%33sFragment(s)\n\n" ' ' ' ' ' ' >> "${Log1}";
cat ${Tmp_Log} >> "${Log1}";
fi

if [ $( last_block_of_file ${SyslinuxError_Files} ; echo $? ) -ne 0 ] ; then
titlebar_gen "${name}" ': Location of files loaded by Syslinux';
printf "%11sGiB - GB%13sFile%33sFragment(s)\n\n" ' ' ' ' ' ' >> "${Log1}";
cat ${Tmp_Log} >> "${Log1}";
fi



rm -f ${Tmp_Log};

# Display the version of the COM32(R) modules of Syslinux.

for com32 in *.c32 syslinux/*.c32 extlinux/*.c32 boot/syslinux/*.c32 boot/extlinux/*.c32 ; do

if [ -f "${com32}" ] ; then
# First 5 bytes of the COM32(R) module are a magic number (used by Syslinux too).
com32_version=$(hexdump -n 5 -e '/1 "%02x"' "${com32}");

case ${com32_version} in
b8fe4ccd21) printf ' %-35s: COM32R module (v4.xx)\n' "${com32}" >> ${Tmp_Log};;
b8ff4ccd21) printf ' %-35s: COM32R module (v3.xx)\n' "${com32}" >> ${Tmp_Log};;
*) printf ' %-35s: not a COM32/COM32R module\n' "${com32}" >> ${Tmp_Log};;
esac
fi
done

if [ -f ${Tmp_Log} ] ; then
titlebar_gen "${name}" ': Version of COM32(R) files used by Syslinux';
cat ${Tmp_Log} >> "${Log1}";
fi



cd "${Folder}";



echo > ${Tmp_Log};

if [[ x"${BFI}" != x'' ]] ; then
printf " Boot file info: " >> "${Log}";
printf "${BFI}\n" | fold -s -w 55 | sed -e '/^-------------------------$/ d' -e '2~1s/.*/ &/' >> "${Log}";
fi

echo " Operating System: "${OS} | fold -s -w 55 | sed -e '2~1s/.*/ &/' >> "${Log}"
printf " Boot files: " >> "${Log}";
echo ${BootFiles} | fold -s -w 55 | sed -e '2~1s/.*/ &/' >> "${Log}";



# If partition was mounted by the script.
if [ x"${CheckMount}" = x'' ] ; then
umount "${mountname}" || umount -l "${mountname}";
fi

# If partition failed to mount.
else
printf " Mounting failed: " >> "${Log}";
cat ${Mount_Error} >> "${Log}";
fi # End of Mounting "if then else".
fi # End of Partition Type "if then else".

echo >> "${Log}";

if [[ -e "${Log}"x ]] ; then
cat "${Log}"x >> "${Log}";
rm "${Log}"x;
fi

if [[ -e "${Log1}"x ]] ; then
cat "${Log1}"x >> "${Log1}";
rm "${Log1}"x;
fi
} # End Get_Partition_Info function



## "titlebar_gen" generates the ${name}${file} title bar to always be 80 characters in length. ##

titlebar_gen () {
local name_file name_file_length equal_signs_line_length equal_signs_line;

name_file="${1}${2}:";
name_file_length=${#name_file};

equal_signs_line_length=$(((80-${name_file_length})/2-1));

# Build "===" string.
printf -v equal_signs_line "%${equal_signs_line_length}s";
printf -v equal_signs_line "%s" "${equal_signs_line// /=}";

if [ "$((${name_file_length}%2))" -eq 1 ]; then
# If ${name_file_length} is odd, add an extra "=" at the end.
printf "\n%s %s %s=\n\n" "${equal_signs_line}" "${name_file}" "${equal_signs_line}" >> "${Log1}";
else
printf "\n%s %s %s\n\n" "${equal_signs_line}" "${name_file}" "${equal_signs_line}" >> "${Log1}";
fi
}



## Start ##



# Center title.
BIS_title=$(printf 'Boot Info Script %s [%s]' "${VERSION}" "${RELEASE_DATE}");
printf -v BIS_title_space "%$(( ( 80 - ${#BIS_title} ) / 2 - 1 ))s";
printf "${BIS_title_space}${BIS_title}\n" > "${Log}";

if [ ! -z "${LAST_GIT_COMMIT}" ] ; then
printf '\nLast git commit: %s\nRetrieved from git on: %s\n' "${LAST_GIT_COMMIT}" "${RETRIEVAL_DATE}" >> "${Log}";
fi

printf '\n\n============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================\n\n' >> "${Log}";



# Search for hard drives which don't exist, have a corrupted partition table
# or don't have a parition table (whole drive is a filesystem).
# Information on all hard drives which a valid partition table are stored in
# the hard drives arrays: HD?????

# id for Filesystem Drives.
FSD=0;

# Clear blkid cache
blkid -g;

for drive in ${All_Hard_Drives} ; do
size=$(fdisks ${drive});

PrintBlkid ${drive};

if [ 0 -lt ${size} 2>> ${Trash} ] ; then
if [ x"$(blkid ${drive})" = x'' ] || [ x"$(blkid | grep ${drive}:)" = x'' ] ; then
# Drive is not a filesytem.

size=$((2*size));

HDName[${HI}]=${drive};
HDSize[${HI}]=${size};

# Get and set HDHead[${HI}], HDTrack[${HI}] and HDCylinder[${HI}] all at once.
eval $(fdisk -lu ${drive} 2>> ${Trash} | ${AWK} -F ' ' '$2 ~ "head" { print "HDHead['${HI}']=" $1 "; HDTrack['${HI}']=" $3 "; HDCylinder['${HI}']=" $5 }' );

# Look at the first 4 bytes of the second sector to identify the partition table type.
case $(hexdump -v -s 512 -n 4 -e '"%_u"' ${drive}) in
'EMBR') HDPT[${HI}]='BootIt';;
'EFI ') HDPT[${HI}]='EFI';;
*) HDPT[${HI}]='MSDos';;
esac

HI=$((${HI}+1));
else
# Drive is a filesystem.

if [ $( expr match "$(BlkidTag "${drive}" TYPE)" '.*raid') -eq 0 ] || [ x"$(BlkidTag "${drive}" UUID)" != x'' ] ; then
FilesystemDrives[${FSD}]="${drive}";
((FSD++));
fi
fi
else
printf "$(basename ${drive}) " >> ${FakeHardDrives};
fi
done



## Identify the MBR of each hard drive. ##
echo 'Identifying MBRs...';

for HI in ${!HDName[@]} ; do
drive="${HDName[${HI}]}";
Message="is installed in the MBR of ${drive}";

# Read the whole MBR in hexadecimal format.
MBR_512=$(hexdump -v -n 512 -e '/1 "%02x"' ${drive});

## Look at the first 2,3,4 or 8 bytes of the hard drive to identify the boot code installed in the MBR. ##
#
# If it is not enough, look at more bytes.

MBR_sig2="${MBR_512:0:4}";
MBR_sig3="${MBR_512:0:6}";
MBR_sig4="${MBR_512:0:8}";
MBR_sig8="${MBR_512:0:16}";

## Bytes 0x80-0x81 of the MBR. ##
#
# Use it to differentiate between different versions of the same bootloader.

MBR_bytes80to81="${MBR_512:256:4}";


case ${MBR_sig2} in

eb48) ## Grub Legacy is in the MBR. ##
BL="Grub Legacy";

# 0x44 contains the offset to the next stage.
offset=$(hexdump -v -s 68 -n 4 -e '"%u"' ${drive});

if [ "${offset}" -ne 1 ] ; then
# Grub Legacy is installed without stage1.5 files.
stage2_loc ${drive};
Message="${Message} and ${Stage2_Msg}";
else
# Grub is installed with stage1.5 files.
Grub_String=$(hexdump -v -s 1042 -n 94 -e '"%_u"' ${drive});
Grub_Version="${Grub_String%%nul*}";

BL="Grub Legacy (v${Grub_Version})";

tmp="/${Grub_String#*/}";
tmp="${tmp%%nul*}";

eval $(echo ${tmp} | ${AWK} '{ print "stage=" $1 "; menu=" $2 }');

[[ x"$menu" = x'' ]] || stage="${stage} and ${menu}";

part_info=$((1045 + ${#Grub_Version}));
eval $(hexdump -v -s ${part_info} -n 2 -e '1/1 "pa=%u; " 1/1 "dr=%u"' ${drive});

dr=$(( ${dr} - 127 ));
pa=$(( ${pa} + 1 ));

if [ "${dr}" -eq 128 ] ; then
Message="${Message} and looks on the same drive in partition #${pa} for ${stage}";
else
Message="${Message} and looks on boot drive #${dr} in partition #${pa} for ${stage}";
fi
fi;;

eb4c) ## Grub2 (v1.96) is in the MBR. ##
BL='Grub2 (v1.96)';

grub2_info ${drive} ${drive} '1.96';

Message="${Message} and ${Grub2_Msg}";;

eb63) ## Grub2 is in the MBR. ##
case ${MBR_bytes80to81} in
7c3c) grub2_version='1.97'; BL='Grub2 (v1.97-1.98)';;
0020) grub2_version='1.99'; BL='Grub2 (v1.99)';;
esac

grub2_info ${drive} ${drive} ${grub2_version};

Message="${Message} and ${Grub2_Msg}";;

0ebe) BL='ThinkPad';;
31c0) # Look at the first 8 bytes of the hard drive to identify the boot code installed in the MBR.
case ${MBR_sig8} in
31c08ed0bc007c8e) BL='SUSE generic MBR';;
31c08ed0bc007cfb) BL='Acer PQService MBR';;
esac;;
33c0) # Look at the first 3 bytes of the hard drive to identify the boot code installed in the MBR.
case ${MBR_sig3} in
33c08e) BL='Windows';;
33c090) BL='DiskCryptor';;
33c0fa) BL='Syslinux MBR (4.04 and higher)';;
esac;;
33ed) # Look at bytes 0x80-0x81 to be more specific about the Syslinux variant/version.
case ${MBR_bytes80to81} in
407c) BL='ISOhybrid (Syslinux 4.04 and higher)';;
83e1) BL='ISOhybrid with partition support (Syslinux 4.04 and higher)';;
esac;;
33ff) BL='HP/Gateway';;
b800) BL='Plop';;
ea05) BL='XOSL';;
ea1e) BL='Truecrypt Boot Loader';;
eb04) BL='Solaris';;
eb31) BL='Paragon';;
eb5e) # Look at the first 3 bytes of the hard drive to identify the boot code installed in the MBR.
case ${MBR_sig3} in
eb5e00) BL='fbinst';;
eb5e80) BL='Grub4Dos';;
eb5e90) BL='WEE';
# Get the embedded menu of WEE.
get_embedded_menu "${drive}" "WEE's (${drive})";;
esac;;
fa31) # Look at the first 3 bytes of the hard drive to identify the boot code installed in the MBR.
case ${MBR_sig3} in
fa31c0) # Look at bytes 0x80-0x81 to be more specific about the Syslinux variant/version.
case ${MBR_bytes80to81} in
0069) BL='ISOhybrid (Syslinux 3.72-3.73)';;
7c66) BL='Syslinux MBR (3.61-4.03)';;
7cb8) BL='Syslinux MBR (3.36-3.51)';;
b442) BL='Syslinux MBR (3.00-3.35)';;
bb00) BL='Syslinux MBR (3.52-3.60)';;
e879) BL='ISOhybrid (Syslinux 3.74-3.80)';;
esac;;
fa31c9) BL='Master Boot LoaDeR';;
fa31ed) # Look at bytes 0x80-0x81 to be more specific about the Syslinux variant/version.
case ${MBR_bytes80to81} in
0069) BL='ISOhybrid (Syslinux 3.72-3.73)';;
0fb6) BL='ISOhybrid with partition support (Syslinux 3.82-3.86)';;
407c) BL='ISOhybrid (Syslinux 3.82-4.03)';;
83e1) BL='ISOhybrid with partition support (Syslinux 4.00-4.03)';;
b6c6) BL='ISOhybrid with partition support (Syslinux 3.81)';;
fbc0) BL='ISOhybrid (Syslinux 3.81)';;
esac;;
esac;;
fa33) BL='MS-DOS 3.30 through Windows 95 (A)';;
fab8) # Look at the first 4 bytes of the hard drive to identify the boot code installed in the MBR.
case ${MBR_sig4} in
fab80000) BL='FreeDOS (eXtended FDisk)';;
fab8* ) BL="No boot loader";;
esac;;
fabe) BL='No boot loader?';;
faeb) BL='Lilo';;
fafc) BL='ReactOS';;
fc31) BL='Testdisk';;
fc33) BL='GAG';;
fceb) BL='BootIt NG';;
0000) BL='No boot loader';;
*) BL='No known boot loader';
printf "Unknown MBR on ${drive}\n\n" >> ${Unknown_MBR};
hexdump -v -n 512 -C ${drive} >> ${Unknown_MBR};
echo >> ${Unknown_MBR};;
esac


## Output message at beginning of summary that gives MBR info for each drive: ##

printf ' => ' >> "${Log}";
printf "${BL} ${Message}.\n" | fold -s -w 75 | sed -e '/^-----$/ d' -e '2~1s/.*/ &/' >> "${Log}";

HDMBR[${HI}]=${BL};
done

echo >> "${Log}";



## Store and Display all the partitions tables. ##

for HI in ${!HDName[@]} ; do
drive=${HDName[${HI}]};

echo "Computing Partition Table of ${drive}...";

FP=$((PI+1)); # used if non-MS_DOS partition table is not in use.
FirstPartition[${HI}]=${FP};
PTType=${HDPT[${HI}]};
HDPT[${HI}]='MSDos';

echo "Drive: $(basename ${drive} ) __________________________________________________ ___________________" >> ${PartitionTable};
fdisk -lu ${drive} 2>> ${Trash} | sed '/omitting/ d' | sed '6,$ d' >> ${PartitionTable};

printf "\n${PTFormat}\n" 'Partition' 'Boot' 'Start Sector' 'End Sector' '# of Sectors' 'Id' 'System' >> ${PartitionTable};

ReadPT ${HI} 0 4 ${PartitionTable} "${PTFormat}" '' 0;

echo >> ${PartitionTable};
LastPartition[${HI}]=${PI};
LP=${PI};

CheckPT ${FirstPartition[${HI}]} ${LastPartition[${HI}]} ${PartitionTable} ${HI};

echo >> ${PartitionTable};
HDPT[${HI}]=${PTType};

case ${PTType} in
BootIt) printf 'BootIt NG Partition Table detected' >> ${PartitionTable};
[[ "${HDMBR[${HI}]}" = 'BootIt NG' ]] || printf ', but does not seem to be used' >> ${PartitionTable};
printf '.\n\n' >> ${PartitionTable};

ReadEMBR ${HI} ${PartitionTable};
echo >> ${PartitionTable};

if [ "${HDMBR[${HI}]}" = 'BootIt NG' ] ; then
LastPartition[${HI}]=${PI};
CheckPT ${FirstPartition[${HI}]} ${LastPartition[${HI}]} ${PartitionTable} ${HI};
else
FirstPartition[${HI}]=${FP};
fi;;
EFI) FirstPartition[${HI}]=$((PI+1));
EFIee=$(hexdump -v -s 450 -n 1 -e '"%x"' ${drive});
printf 'GUID Partition Table detected' >> ${PartitionTable};
[[ "${EFIee}" = 'ee' ]] || printf ', but does not seem to be used' >> ${PartitionTable};
printf '.\n\n' >> ${PartitionTable};

ReadEFI ${HI} ${PartitionTable};
echo >> ${PartitionTable};

if [ "${EFIee}" = 'ee' ] ; then
LastPartition[${HI}]=${PI};
CheckPT ${FirstPartition[${HI}]} ${LastPartition[${HI}]} ${PartitionTable} ${HI};
else
FirstPartition[${HI}]=${FP};
fi;;
esac
done



## Loop through all Hard Drives. ##

for HI in ${!HDName[@]} ; do
drive=${HDName[${HI}]};

## And then loop through the partitions on that drive. ##
for (( PI = FirstPartition[${HI}]; PI <= LastPartition[${HI}]; PI++ )); do
part_type=${TypeArray[${PI}]}; # Type of the partition according to fdisk
start=${StartArray[${PI}]};
size=${SizeArray[${PI}]};
end=${EndArray[${PI}]};
kind=${KindArray[${PI}]};
system=${SystemArray[${PI}]};

if [[ x"${DeviceArray[${PI}]}" = x'' ]] ; then
name="${NamesArray[${PI}]}";
mountname=$(basename ${drive})"_"${PI};
part=$(losetup -f --show -o $((start*512)) ${drive});
# --sizelimit $((size*512)) --sizelimit seems to be a recently added option for losetup. Failed on Hardy.
else
part="${DeviceArray[${PI}]}";
name=$(basename ${part}); # Name of the partition (/dev/sda8 -> sda8).
mountname=${name};
fi

Get_Partition_Info "${Log}" "${Log1}" "${part}" "${name}" "${mountname}" "${kind}" "${start}" "${end}" "${system}" "${PI}";

[[ "${DeviceArray[${PI}]}" = '' ]] && losetup -d ${part};

done
done



## Deactivate dmraid's activated by the script. ##

if [ x"$InActiveDMRaid" != x'' ] ; then
dmraid -an ${InActiveDMRaid};
fi



## Search LVM partitions for information. ##
#
# Only works if the "LVM2"-package is installed.

if [ $(type lvscan lvdisplay lvchange >> ${Trash} 2>> ${Trash} ; echo $?) -eq 0 ] ; then

LVM_Partitions=$(lvscan | ${AWK} '{ split($2, lvm_dev, "/"); print "/dev/mapper/" lvm_dev[3] "-" lvm_dev[4] }');

for LVM in ${LVM_Partitions}; do
LVM_Size=$(lvdisplay -c ${LVM} | ${AWK} -F ':' '{ print $7 }');
LVM_Status=$(lvdisplay ${LVM} | ${AWK} '$0 ~ "LV Status" { print $3 }');
lvchange -ay ${LVM};
name=${LVM:12};
mountname="LVM/${name}";
kind='LVM';
start=0;
end=${LVM_Size};
system='';
PI='';

Get_Partition_Info "${Log}" "${Log1}" "$LVM" "${name}" "${mountname}" "${kind}" "${start}" "${end}" "${system}" "${PI}";

# deactivate all LVM's, which were not active.
[[ "${LVM_Status}" = 'NOT' ]] && lvchange -an "${LVM}";

done
fi



## Search MDRaid Partitons for Information ##
#
# Only works if "mdadm" is installed.

if [ $(type mdadm >> ${Trash} 2>> ${Trash} ; echo $?) -eq 0 ] ; then

# All arrays which are already assembled.
MD_Active_Array=$(mdadm --detail --scan | ${AWK} '{ print $2 }');

# Assemble all arrays.
mdadm --assemble --scan;

# All arrays.
MD_Array=$(mdadm --detail --scan | ${AWK} '{ print $2 }');

for MD in ${MD_Array}; do
MD_Size=$(fdisks ${MD}); # size in blocks
MD_Size=$((2*${MD_Size})); # size in sectors
MD_Active=0;

# Check whether MD is active.
for MDA in ${MD_Active_Array}; do
if [[ "${MDA}" = "${MD}" ]] ; then
MD_Active=1;
break;
fi
done

name=${MD:5};
mountname="MDRaid/${name}";
kind="MDRaid";
start=0;
end=${MD_Size};
system='';
PI='';

Get_Partition_Info "${Log}" "${Log1}" "${MD}" "${name}" "${mountname}" "${kind}" "${start}" "${end}" "${system}" "${PI}";

# deactivate all MD_Raid's, which were not active.
[[ "${MD_Active}" -eq 0 ]] && mdadm --stop "${MD}";

done
fi



## Search filesystem hard drives for information. ##

for FD in ${FilesystemDrives[@]} ; do
FD_Size=$(fdisks ${FD}); # size in blocks
FD_Size=$((2*${FD_Size})); # size in sectors
name=${FD:5};
mountname="FD/${name}";
kind="FD";
start=0;
end=${FD_Size};
system='';
PI='';

Get_Partition_Info "${Log}" "${Log1}" "${FD}" "${name}" "${mountname}" "${kind}" "${start}" "${end}" "${system}" "${PI}";

done



## Drive/partition info. ##

printf '============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================\n\n' >> "${Log}";

[ -e ${PartitionTable} ] && cat ${PartitionTable} >> "${Log}" || echo 'no valid partition table found' >> "${Log}";


printf '"blkid" output: __________________________________________________ ______________\n\n' >> "${Log}";

printf "${BlkidFormat}" Device UUID TYPE LABEL >> "${Log}";

echo >> "${Log}";

for dev in $(blkid -o device | sort); do
PrintBlkid ${dev} '_summary';
done

cat "${BLKID}_summary" >> "${Log}";
echo >> "${Log}";



if [ $(ls -R /dev/mapper 2>> ${Trash} | wc -l) -gt 2 ] ; then
printf '========================= "ls -R /dev/mapper/" output: =========================\n\n' >> "${Log}";
ls -R /dev/mapper >> "${Log}";
echo >> "${Log}";
fi



## Mount points. ##

printf '================================ Mount points: =================================\n\n' >> "${Log}";

MountFormat='%-16s %-24s %-10s %s\n';

printf "${MountFormat}\n" 'Device' 'Mount_Point' 'Type' 'Options' >> "${Log}";

# No idea for which mount version this is even needed.
# original:
# mount | grep ' / '| grep -v '^/'| sed 's/ on /'$Fis'/' |sed 's/ type /'$Fis'/'|sed 's/ (/'$Fis'(/'| gawk -F $Fis '{printf "'"$MountFormat"'", $1, $2, $3, $4 }'>>"$Log";
# new:
# mount | sort | gawk -F "${TAB}" '$0 ~ " / " { if ($1 !~ "^/") { sub(" on ", "\t", $0); sub(" type ", "\t", $0); optionsstart=index($3, " ("); printf "'"${MountFormat}"'", $1, $2, substr($3, 1, optionsstart - 1), substr($3, optionsstart + 1) } } END { printf "\n" }' >> "${Log}";

mount | sort | ${AWK} -F "${TAB}" '$0 ~ "^/dev" \
{ sub(" on ", "\t", $0); sub(" type ", "\t", $0); optionsstart=index($3, " ("); \
printf "'"${MountFormat}"'", $1, $2, substr($3, 1, optionsstart - 1), substr($3, optionsstart + 1) } END { printf "\n" }' >> "${Log}";



## Write the content of Log1 to the log file. ##

[ -e "${Log1}" ] && cat "${Log1}" >> "${Log}";
echo >> "${Log}";



## Add unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors to the log file, if any. ##

if [ -e ${Unknown_MBR} ] ; then
printf '======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ========================\n\n' >> "${Log}";
cat ${Unknown_MBR} >> "${Log}";
echo >> "${Log}";
fi



## Add fake hard drives to the log file, if any. ##

if [ -e ${FakeHardDrives} ] ; then
printf "========= Devices which don't seem to have a corresponding hard drive: =========\n\n" >> "${Log}";
cat ${FakeHardDrives} >> "${Log}";
printf "\n\n" >> "${Log}";
fi



## Write the Error Log to the log file. ##

if [ -s ${Error_Log} ] ; then
printf '=============================== StdErr Messages: ===============================\n\n' >> "${Log}";
cat ${Error_Log} >> "${Log}";
fi



## Write a final newline. ##

echo >> "${Log}";



if [ ${stdout_output} -eq 1 ] ; then
## If --stdout is specified, show the output.
cat "${Log}";
else
## Copy the log file to RESULTS file and make the user the owner of RESULTS file. ##

cp "${Log}" "${LogFile}";

if [ "${SUDO_UID}:${SUDO_GID}" != ':' ] ; then
chown "${SUDO_UID}:${SUDO_GID}" "${LogFile}";
fi



## gzip the RESULTS file, for easy uploading. ##
#
# gzip a copy of the RESULTS file only when -g or --gzip is passed on the command line.
#
# ./bootinfoscript -g <outputfile>
# ./bootinfoscript --gzip <outputfile>

if [ ${gzip_output} -eq 1 ] ; then
cat "${LogFile}" | gzip -9 > "${LogFile}.gz";

if [ "${SUDO_UID}:${SUDO_GID}" != ':' ] ; then
chown "${SUDO_UID}:${SUDO_GID}" "${LogFile}.gz";
fi
fi



## Reset the Standard Output to the Terminal. ##
#
# exec 1>&-;
# exec 1>&6;
# exec 6>&-;



printf '\nFinished. The results are in the file "%s"\nlocated in "%s".\n\n' "$(basename "${LogFile}")" "${Dir}/";
fi

exit 0;

What to do next & how ?

Regards
Mrinal.

[drofart]

So, do you have data you want to get out, or not?

First of all, don't try too much with the hdd because that might destroy any possible chance to get data back.

Run the ubuntu cd in live mode, not from the hdd.


Ya I have some data to get out & now also I am running on live only as no grub or no boot is there, only a beep of white hypen (---) is there & nothing else.

[drofart]

Ok after a long wait I got it

Bootscriptinfo's result.txt


Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012]


============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================

=> Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of
the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
for (,msdos3)/boot/grub on this drive.
=> Syslinux MBR (3.61-4.03) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdc.

sda1: __________________________________________________ ________________________

File system:
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type ''

sda2: __________________________________________________ ________________________

File system:
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type ''
mount: unknown filesystem type ''

sda3: __________________________________________________ ________________________

File system:
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type ''
mount: unknown filesystem type ''
mount: unknown filesystem type ''

sda4: __________________________________________________ ________________________

File system:
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type ''
mount: unknown filesystem type ''
mount: unknown filesystem type ''
mount: unknown filesystem type ''

sdc1: __________________________________________________ ________________________

File system: vfat
Boot sector type: SYSLINUX 4.02 debian-20101016 ...........>...r>........m.....0...~.k...~...f...M.f.f....f..8~....>2}
Boot sector info: Syslinux looks at sector 4312672 of /dev/sdc1 for its
second stage. SYSLINUX is installed in the directory.
The integrity check of the ADV area failed. No errors
found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /syslinux/syslinux.cfg /ldlinux.sys

============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================

Drive: sda __________________________________________________ ___________________

Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System

Invalid MBR Signature found.
/dev/sda1 * 63 104,863,274 104,863,212 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
/dev/sda2 ? 63 104,863,274 104,863,212 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
/dev/sda3 ? 63 104,863,274 104,863,212 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
/dev/sda4 ? 63 104,863,274 104,863,212 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS


Drive: sdc __________________________________________________ ___________________

Disk /dev/sdc: 16.0 GB, 16008609792 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1946 cylinders, total 31266816 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System

/dev/sdc1 * 32 31,266,815 31,266,784 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)


"blkid" output: __________________________________________________ ______________

Device UUID TYPE LABEL

/dev/loop0 squashfs
/dev/loop1 a516d28d-5680-4ce6-831e-680dbe966c48 ext3
/dev/mmcblk0p1 5C29-A15B vfat
/dev/sdc1 E035-64C3 vfat
/dev/sr1 iso9660 Mobile Internet

================================ Mount points: =================================

Device Mount_Point Type Options

/dev/loop0 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime)
/dev/mmcblk0p1 /media/5C29-A15B vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,uid=999,gid=999,shortname=mixed,d mask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush,uhelper=udisks)
/dev/sdc1 /cdrom vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=cp437, iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro)


========================= sdc1/syslinux/syslinux.cfg: ==========================

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# D-I config version 2.0
include menu.cfg
default vesamenu.c32
prompt 0
timeout 50
ui gfxboot bootlogo
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

================= sdc1: Location of files loaded by Syslinux: ==================

GiB - GB File Fragment(s)

?? = ?? ldlinux.sys 1
?? = ?? syslinux/chain.c32 1
?? = ?? syslinux/gfxboot.c32 1
?? = ?? syslinux/syslinux.cfg 1
?? = ?? syslinux/vesamenu.c32 1

============== sdc1: Version of COM32(R) files used by Syslinux: ===============

syslinux/chain.c32 : COM32R module (v4.xx)
syslinux/gfxboot.c32 : COM32R module (v4.xx)
syslinux/vesamenu.c32 : COM32R module (v4.xx)

======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ========================

Unknown BootLoader on sda1


Unknown BootLoader on sda2


Unknown BootLoader on sda3


Unknown BootLoader on sda4



========= Devices which don't seem to have a corresponding hard drive: =========

sdb

=============================== StdErr Messages: ===============================

xz: (stdin): Compressed data is corrupt
hexdump: /dev/sda1: No such file or directory
hexdump: /dev/sda1: No such file or directory
hexdump: /dev/sda2: No such file or directory
hexdump: /dev/sda2: No such file or directory
hexdump: /dev/sda3: No such file or directory
hexdump: /dev/sda3: No such file or directory
hexdump: /dev/sda4: No such file or directory
hexdump: /dev/sda4: No such file or directory
./bootinfoscript: line 1646: [: 2.73495e+09: integer expression expected

[oldfred]

Partition table has major issues. If you have backed up image, so further damage does not erase possibility of recovery, I would try testdisk. It may find old partitions, but if you were in the middle of writing you may have the start & end info in the wrong places. Testdisk is looking for that info.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DataRecovery
http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk
Instructions
http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk_Step_By_Step
http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/Menu_Analyse
repairs including testdisk info & link to testdisk, testdisk is in repository and on most repairCDs
http://members.iinet.net.au/~herman546/p21.html
http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntucat/recoverdeletedfiles/

If testdisk does not work, it includes photorec which just scans drive for anything that may look like a file. I have used it and it is a long process. It only recovers file extensions not names.

[drofart]

sudo sfdisk -l out put .

[drofart]

Ok I will do that but for a 500 GB hard disk, how much space i may need ?

& how to make backup I can't mount those partitions ?

[oldfred]

You can use dd to make an image, but that has to be exact size to exact size as dd even copies empty space. It makes an exact image.

If you have to run photorec it may need as much space as was used plus some also as it tries to recover anything that looks like a file.

gddrescue, Scalpel, magic rescue, photorec, foremost, sleuthkit & others
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DataRecovery
http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/15761/recover-data-like-a-forensics-expert-using-an-ubuntu-live-cd/

[drofart]

Thank you Mr. Fred for ur replies. As you told I go through an patient thorough read of all given links & Have some results that i am unable to understand. Here are some pics of them http://www.flickr.com/photos/78450850@N06 If you can plz give me some more advice, I willl be very grateful to you.
Thanks & regards,
Mrinal

EDIT : One more thing, I got to know that running a damaged disk can cause moro damage, so running from my live usb is harmful or not as it is not detecting my hard disk ?

[darkod]

Did you try at all to search the disk with testdisk from live mode?

What do you mean by running a damaged disk? If you refer to what we said about not booting from the hdd, it's not a damaged disk, not physically. But sometimes booting from it can overwrite your data which can make it harder to retrieve it. That's why it's best not to boot from the hdd right now.

So, just boot the ubuntu cd in live mode, download testdisk, run it and do a deep search. Post the results (or a screenshot) of them if you are not sure what they mean.

When you start testdisk, it will ask you about the partition table, select Intel. Lets see how it works with that, we will know more after the scan.

[drofart]

Hello Mr. Darcod,
Thanks for the quick reply.
Here are some results which I got from previous tests.

# testdisk /list -- (Screenshot) (http://www.flickr.com/photos/78450850@N06/7271589380/in/photostream/)

http://img825.imageshack.us/img825/7241/testdisklists.png
(http://www.flickr.com/photos/78450850@N06/7271589380/in/photostream/)
# testdisk quicksearch -- (screenshot) (http://www.flickr.com/photos/78450850@N06/7271587382/in/photostream)

http://img825.imageshack.us/img825/9948/quicksearch.png

# testdisk deepsearch -- (screenshot) (http://www.flickr.com/photos/78450850@N06/7271582012/in/photostream) (got a single error read)

http://img94.imageshack.us/img94/1430/testdiskdeepsearch.png

# Gsmartcontrol test in Bootmed -- (screenshot) (http://www.flickr.com/photos/78450850@N06/7273538096/in/photostream)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/78450850@N06/7273538096/
http://img710.imageshack.us/img710/5287/gsmartcontroltestattrib.png

Any thing else i can do ?


Regards,
Mrinal

[drofart]

I hope you have seen

BOOTINFO SCRIPT (http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=11963569&postcount=10)

[23dornot23d]

Posting the Testdisk image so people can see it without having to use the link
.... for you ....

http://img37.imageshack.us/img37/9093/7271589380475e953d89b.jpg



Did you alter anything - because the later ones you posted seemed not to show any structure at all ....
deepsearch usually shows a lot more than 3 items ..... as you have posted on the link .... will see if I can grab it and
repost for you ....

http://img72.imageshack.us/img72/5016/forweb.jpg

This last post to me looks like something that windows would do ..... just take over the whole disk and ignore anything else NTFS ..... through to 432019338 .......

did you let it run .... usually takes quite a while in deepsearch mode and gives a lot of options
for choosing the correct structure .....

[drofart]

hello Mr dornot, Thanks for the reply, I am copying the image link from flikr & inserting it in the screen that gets out after clicking the image icon but it is not displaying the image, how can I ?{should I use any other site} photobucket doesn't allow more than 1 mb per image file in free mode/

Ya there are several type of results there :

Some are from "Y" at the prompt "partition is made with vista or late" but mine is made with XP
Some results are from changing the head to 240 instead of 255.
& the finals r from "N" at the prompt "partition is made with vista or late"

[23dornot23d]

I use imageshack as it is very good for posting images ..... upto 500 free I think ....
you would have to check that ..... then use the direct link cut and past it into the
icon above in the edit field ...... that looks like a mountain with a sun and a yellow background to it.

http://img37.imageshack.us/img37/9093/7271589380475e953d89b.jpg




Ya there are several type of results there :

Some are from "Y" at the prompt "partition is made with vista or late" but mine is made with XP
Some results are from changing the head to 240 instead of 255.
& the finals r from "N" at the prompt "partition is made with vista or late"
What made you change this ? changing the head to 240 instead of 255

http://img72.imageshack.us/img72/5016/forweb.jpg

Not sure exactly what you have done ...... but Testdisk is very powerful ...... and needs a lot of thought
before changing anything .....

It should first be used to discover things and then to make decisions based on what information it
can give you back ......

The first screen shot looked reasonable and there was hope ...... now looking at the last screen shot
I am not sure what can be done ..... but maybe someone else can understand that last screen shot better than me ..... and what changing to 240 from 255 has done .......


Whatever you do - do not write anything back to the disk .......

hopefully you have not made any permanent changes ..... using Testdisk ....

What happened to making a backup - have you done that - as that is the first thing
and Photorec - for getting off any important docs photos etc.

or is there nothing on the disk you need

[oldfred]

I do not know smartcontrol but it did say passed even with the error on a read. Read error might concern me a bit.

With testdisk it is best if you have some idea of partitions and sizes. It will usually find all the old versions, so the more changes you have made the more partitions it may find. Some combinations (of old & new) obviously cannot be restored as they would overlap. If you knew sizes and formats of last version then you can use testdisk to restore the missing partitions.

[23dornot23d]

Looking at the first screenshot .... seemed as if something went wrong in the extended partition ....
what is
the invalid NTFS or EXFAT boot (https://www.google.com/search?q=invalid+NTFS+or+EXFAT+boot&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=ubuntu&channel=fs) .... not seen that before .... half way through .....

http://img37.imageshack.us/img37/9093/7271589380475e953d89b.jpg

but most of the information is there for the initial layout of the drive ....

Not sure if it can be re-setup from that information alone though ......

Was the user going to clean the disk and start again ..... but even so you would think with 500 Gig drive that has been used - they should try to get as much of the information off it first before changing anything.

I have a feeling that all that was wrong was the end figure for the extended partition ...... 43201 9980

Tried looking for other drives with a similar structure to see if there was anything to be gleemed
60801 255 63 (https://www.google.com/search?q=60801++255+63&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=ubuntu&channel=fs)

[drofart]

Not sure exactly what you have done ...... but Testdisk is very powerful ...... and needs a lot of thought
before changing anything .....

It should first be used to discover things and then to make decisions based on what information it
can give you back ......

The first screen shot looked reasonable and there was hope ...... now looking at the last screen shot
I am not sure what can be done ..... but maybe someone else can understand that last screen shot better than me ..... and what changing to 240 from 255 has done .......


Whatever you do - do not write anything back to the disk .......

hopefully you have not made any permanent changes ..... using Testdisk ....

What happened to making a backup - have you done that - as that is the first thing
and Photorec - for getting off any important docs photos etc.

or is there nothing on the disk you need

So here is how i went :

1st i did every thing as normal but when it came to deep search the progress was too slow & there are many read like 4-5, so i google it found that with read error we should not give much stress to HDD so i stopped & then tried with changing head to 240 which warn me a lot & still went too slow which is not quite right. Then i stopped again.

after thinking a bit i remembered that when i bought my laptop with WIN-xp installed in it, So again started the test but this time pressing NO at the prompt "the partition is made in VISTA or later" or something like that. And the final results are of this last test.
After completing the test which took like 10 hours with only one read error I got to the wrong results . So i quited & ran # testdisk /list which gave me a satisfactory list (ufff) but I know it is of no use. Should i run testdisk with Yes at the prompt "partition made after vista or later"

I am looking forward to that now, thinking of buying a new harddrive or a new laptop, can i use a new laptop to recover this problematic one ?

Importants : IMAGES & Hundereds of BOOKS :(

[drofart]

I do not know smartcontrol but it did say passed even with the error on a read. Read error might concern me a bit.

With testdisk it is best if you have some idea of partitions and sizes. It will usually find all the old versions, so the more changes you have made the more partitions it may find. Some combinations (of old & new) obviously cannot be restored as they would overlap. If you knew sizes and formats of last version then you can use testdisk to restore the missing partitions.

Ya me too as i have read some bad thing about "READ ERROR"

Ya my partition table has been changed few times as i moved on to linux from windows, But i ahve some idead & also there is a snap shot of fdisk -l in previous post I have made & also bootinfoscript so I may get them if test disk can show them all (sigh) & what is that CHS & LBA DONT MATCH & also i have few error saying i have overlaped partition . How should i proceed ?

Thanks everyone, love the community & ubuntu
Regards,
Mrinal

[23dornot23d]

Photorec can recover your photos if it can read the disk .....

you need another drive to put these onto when it recovers them .....

The thing is did you try what Old Fred said ..... you do need another disk to copy the image to though ,

* ( there are firms that deal in recovering data too - may be worth thinking about giving to one of those to do it .... with you having so much data you need)

The other option was photorec if it can read the drive it does a similar search and will
try to restore photos and things ..... but the disk structure needs to be ok for it to work.

There is no easy answer ..... as far as I can see ..... and the DATA is valuable to you it may be best giving it to a firm that deals with data recovery .....

[drofart]

Photorec can recover your photos if it can read the disk .....

you need another drive to put these onto when it recovers them .....

The thing is did you try what Old Fred said ..... you do need another disk to copy the image to though ,

* ( there are firms that deal in recovering data too - may be worth thinking about giving to one of those to do it .... with you having so much data you need)

The other option was photorec if it can read the drive it does a similar search and will
try to restore photos and things ..... but the disk structure needs to be ok for it to work.

There is no easy answer ..... as far as I can see ..... and the DATA is valuable to you it may be best giving it to a firm that deals with data recovery .....
So what would you guess, Is the data structure alright or ...? Should i run photo rec once to see if i can recover or should I Gdd it ? Can I do all these thing with another system, I am confused, should i buy an external hard disk or a new laptop with 500GB which I will later give to my GF ...

Is there any possibilty of damage further if I run tastdisk or photorec on it more then twice ?

[23dornot23d]

With what you have told us so far it seems that the drive may be a mess ..... only
someone with the right tools and knowledge to fix it properly could get you your
data back.

If it was me its different because I have used all the tools before - I would not hesitate to use photorec and write anything it finds to USB hard drive - which in my case I always have one for backups anyway. ( they are always useful to have )

Having a backup of things like photos ..... ( this is one thing most people will miss most )

Get a new drive ...... to replace that one ...... and give that one to someone that deals in data recovery may be the best solution here.

[drofart]

With what you have told us so far it seems that the drive may be a mess ..... only
someone with the right tools and knowledge to fix it properly could get you your
data back.

If it was me its different because I have used all the tools before - I would not hesitate to use photorec and write anything it finds to USB hard drive - which in my case I always have one for backups anyway. ( they are always useful to have )

Ok I am going to run photorec & see, can it detect my hard disk or not, if it can, then can i brought a new laptop & rum photorec from that to recover this ?

[23dornot23d]

Read what photorec does - get a good understanding of what it will and will not do ....

http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/PhotoRec

I still think you would be better giving the drive to a firm that deals in data recovery

[drofart]

Read what photorec does - get a good understanding of what it will and will not do ....

http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/PhotoRec

I still think you would be better giving the drive to a firm that deals in data recovery

Thank you very very much for ur help & time. I am going to consider it seriously.

Any further suggestion is appreciated.

Thanks & Regards,
Mrinal

[oldfred]

I have not done math, but you can convert from chs to size.

Testdisk uses CHS - formula for conversion to LBA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cylinder-head-sector

I have used photorec to recover data. If testdisk took 10 hours, it will be even longer for photorec. It scans drive for anything that looks like what ever type of file you want it to find. It defaults to just about everything. For me It found text files I had saved many times and it only has extensions. So I had to grep the text files to find the common ones and then compared them. Music & photos have internal data that can be used to rename those when/if found.

[drofart]

I have not done math, but you can convert from chs to size.

Testdisk uses CHS - formula for conversion to LBA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cylinder-head-sector

I have used photorec to recover data. If testdisk took 10 hours, it will be even longer for photorec. It scans drive for anything that looks like what ever type of file you want it to find. It defaults to just about everything. For me It found text files I had saved many times and it only has extensions. So I had to grep the text files to find the common ones and then compared them. Music & photos have internal data that can be used to rename those when/if found.

Thanks Mr. Fred for ur value suggestions, I will check everything with patient. Just one unanswered question
"can i brought a new laptop & rum photorec from that to recover this ?"

[David Andersson]

Ok I am going to run photorec & see, can it detect my hard disk or not, if it can, then can i brought a new laptop & rum photorec from that to recover this ?

Yes. If you connect the hard disk to another computer (make sure it does not boot from it) you can use photorec on that computer. Or you can run photorec from a live-cd or live-usb. In either case you must have enough space to store everything that photorec might find. It is hard to know in advance how much it will find, but, to be sure, it should be at least the same size as the partition it is recovering files from. It may find old deleted files, so the "used" size of the partition might not be enough. Calculate with the size of the whole partition, or the whole disk if partition table has changed or been corrupt.

(There are three good recovery tools I know of: photorec, foremost and recoverjpeg. You can chose one of them or try several, but then you need more space for recovered files, of course.)

Recover tools do not write to the partition/filesystem/image they are recovering files from. It is safe to let them read from the partition or disk directly (/dev/sdx or /dev/sdxx). Or you can do an image (exact copy) of the partition or disk and let the recovery tool read the image. (The latter is only needed if the disk is physically deteriorating.)

In the smart-data in post #17 Temperature_Celsius is pink and the values seems high. The "normed", "worst" and "raw" temperature values are inconsistent so I don't know what the temperature really is. Check that cooling works satisfactory.

[drofart]

Yes. If you connect the hard disk to another computer (make sure it does not boot from it) you can use photorec on that computer. Or you can run photorec from a live-cd or live-usb. In either case you must have enough space to store everything that photorec might find. It is hard to know in advance how much it will find, but, to be sure, it should be at least the same size as the partition it is recovering files from. It may find old deleted files, so the "used" size of the partition might not be enough. Calculate with the size of the whole partition, or the whole disk if partition table has changed or been corrupt.

(There are three good recovery tools I know of: photorec, foremost and recoverjpeg. You can chose one of them or try several, but then you need more space for recovered files, of course.)

Recover tools do not write to the partition/filesystem/image they are recovering files from. It is safe to let them read from the partition or disk directly (/dev/sdx or /dev/sdxx). Or you can do an image (exact copy) of the partition or disk and let the recovery tool read the image. (The latter is only needed if the disk is physically deteriorating.)

In the smart-data in post #17 Temperature_Celsius is pink and the values seems high. The "normed", "worst" and "raw" temperature values are inconsistent so I don't know what the temperature really is. Check that cooling works satisfactory.
Thank you mr. David for ur reply. Just love all the ubuntu folks. I made many mistakes & got learnings,(tho i always wanna be an tech. doctor but accidentally have a Dr. prefix to my name :D) never gonna do the same mistake again & this time my hard drive is going to have only ubuntu no more "silly OS" & children apps.

Ok, so i gave up & ordered a new HD Adata superior series 500 gb, my int. hd also have 500 gb so, what should i do an whole image or just file recovery ?

With image i will go with ddrescue (not dd_rescue), am i good ? & if file recovery which apps should i use (esp. if i want to get them with names)?

Regards Dr. Mrinal

[darkod]

If you data was mostly on the ntfs partition(s), I think testdisk is worth a shot. It reported three ntfs partitions after the deep search, that's all you need.

In between them, you seem to be missing your linux partition, but if the main data was on the ntfs you don't care about the linux right now.

So, recovering the partition table with those three partitions might solve this for you.

It's always better to wait for your new disk and do a ddrescue copy, but after that I would try recovering those three partitions with testdisk.

What you can try before that, and what could help you know if testdisk can help you, is in the deep search listing select the partitions one by one and try listing their content with 'P'. If you get a message that it can't read the files, probably recovering the partitions is pointless.

But if it shows you the listing of your files, most probably you will get all of them back after recovering that partition with testdisk.

[drofart]

If you data was mostly on the ntfs partition(s), I think testdisk is worth a shot. It reported three ntfs partitions after the deep search, that's all you need.

In between them, you seem to be missing your linux partition, but if the main data was on the ntfs you don't care about the linux right now.

So, recovering the partition table with those three partitions might solve this for you.

It's always better to wait for your new disk and do a ddrescue copy, but after that I would try recovering those three partitions with testdisk.

What you can try before that, and what could help you know if testdisk can help you, is in the deep search listing select the partitions one by one and try listing their content with 'P'. If you get a message that it can't read the files, probably recovering the partitions is pointless.

But if it shows you the listing of your files, most probably you will get all of them back after recovering that partition with testdisk.
Thank you for ur reply darko, Ya you r right there is no point in recovering those lost partition as "P" is giving error. So now my point is which will give me best result an image or simple recovery with apps. like photo rec ? If i will go for am image then a few mbs up/down can be ignored by ddrescue as i have ordered exactly 500 gb ext. hard disk so i am thinking it will be exactly same or few bytes more or at worst a few bytes less. What should you recommend ? because testdisk is not showing files, i am also worried that if photorec will recover them well or not.

Regards,
Mrinal.

[drofart]

Greeting all the rescue folks who have guided me in my terrible time :)

Now i have made an image of my falling hard drive with gdd. which seems contain non recoverable partition with corrupted file system. I have tried photorec to see how it is working to recover my file & i am really really puzzeled, it is recovering much more file then i want much much more :( so that to find my valuable files it may take months or more. Is there any way to get my files with names intact or get only those i want ? Also i have both ext & ntfs file system in my image so it looks like i have to search two times with photorec, which is giving me option to choose a file system before recovery .
Thanks in advance for the light you all r going to throw in my way to recover from my bad time.

Have a nice day, love u all.

Regards.
Dr. Mrinal.

[oldfred]

I used photorec to recover some files. It also found where I had saved the same file many times and found all the old copies. On some I was never sure I found the most recent versions, but used my (too old) backup and updated from several of the copies and got most of my data back.

Use scripts to help sort and rename files:
http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/After_Using_PhotoRec
use flac tags to rename files
http://lglinux.blogspot.com/2008/10/use-flac-tags-to-rename-files.html
http://system-tricks.com/index.php/datarecovery/sort-testdisk-photorec-data-recovery-results/
Best GUI Indexing/Search Tool for Local Files?
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1739701

I used grep to search for a common term in my text files, so I knew which one's were really the different versions of the same file.

[drofart]

Thanks Mr. Fred,
I am trying to understand all those things now, ll update my situation .

Thanks again, have a nice time,
Dr. Mrinal

[drofart]

Thank you all for such able guidance,

I have successfully recovered all my files 99% using r-studio. & now running on ubuntu12.04 only on my laptop. so atlast i moved to linux completely :)

From now on i am keeping track of smart datas to avoid going to such situation again.
More on how can i keep my eye on my cpu & ram is appreciated.

Thank you very much, have a nice day,
Dr. Mrinal

[oldfred]

Glad you got your data back.

Systems fail and they always do it the day before you were going to do a major backup. :)

discussion of backup alternatives/strategy:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BackupYourSystem

I prefer to use rsync and also copy to DVDs the most important data. But my system is a home system where most data can be redownloaded, so I do not backup as often as others might or should.

Originally Posted by MountainX View Post #20 also other backup apps
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=868244&highlight=backup
Sample rsync file, use a text editor and paste into a file & name it mybackup.sh

My additions to the rsync.
Oldfred's list of stuff to backup May 2011:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1748541

[drofart]

Thank you very very much Mr. Fred for guiding newbies like me so well.\\:D/