fresh install 10.04 not starting

[zoran.a]

Hallo,
I have just made a fresh install of Ubuntu 10.04 on my laptop which was already running on windows 7. The installation itself was ok, however, after the restart in the end it did not want to load anything. I get just a blank screen. I am not much of a linux expert, so all I could do is start thee computer via a live cd and see what is there. And it looks normal - windows is intact, new linux partitions are there, GRUB is also there. What should I do? Reinstalling everything is not a proper solution...

[darkod]

You do get the grub boot menu at start right?

Highlight the ubuntu entry, but don't hit Enter, hit 'e' instead. It will show you the boot lines/commands. Use the arrows keys and End to go to the end of the line starting with 'linux'.

Delete quiet splash, and add nomodeset. Press Ctrl + X to try to boot.

If that worked it might need to update the video driver, or we will make that fix permanent if there is no other way.

[zoran.a]

Hi Darko,

that is exactly the strange thing - I get nothing. No grub screen, not even a single letter. Nothing.

[darkod]

OK, follow these instructions and run the boot info script. Post the content of the results file in CODE tags and it will show us more.
http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=8844901&postcount=4

[zoran.a]

here are the results:


Boot Info Script 0.55 dated February 15th, 2010

============================= Boot Info Summary: ==============================

=> Grub 2 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks on the same drive in
partition #5 for /boot/grub.
=> No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb

sda1: __________________________________________________ _______________________

File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files/dirs: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD

sda2: __________________________________________________ _______________________

File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System: Windows 7
Boot files/dirs: /Windows/System32/winload.exe

sda3: __________________________________________________ _______________________

File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files/dirs:

sda4: __________________________________________________ _______________________

File system: Extended Partition
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:

sda5: __________________________________________________ _______________________

File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Ubuntu 10.04 LTS
Boot files/dirs: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img

sda6: __________________________________________________ _______________________

File system: swap
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:

sdb1: __________________________________________________ _______________________

File system: vfat
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files/dirs: /menu.lst

=========================== Drive/Partition Info: =============================

Drive: sda ___________________ __________________________________________________ ___

Disk /dev/sda: 120.0 GB, 120034123776 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14593 cylinders, total 234441648 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Partition Boot Start End Size Id System

/dev/sda1 * 2,048 206,847 204,800 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 206,848 81,922,047 81,715,200 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 81,922,048 187,394,047 105,472,000 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda4 187,396,094 234,440,703 47,044,610 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 187,396,096 232,398,847 45,002,752 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 232,400,896 234,440,703 2,039,808 82 Linux swap / Solaris


Drive: sdb ___________________ __________________________________________________ ___

Disk /dev/sdb: 8040 MB, 8040480256 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 977 cylinders, total 15704063 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Partition Boot Start End Size Id System

/dev/sdb1 44 15,679,439 15,679,396 b W95 FAT32


blkid -c /dev/null: __________________________________________________ __________

Device UUID TYPE LABEL

/dev/loop0 squashfs
/dev/sda1 CC9043889043784A ntfs System Reserved
/dev/sda2 44C46907C468FD14 ntfs
/dev/sda3 3A3E70953E704C3F ntfs
/dev/sda4: PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/sda5 91b2bc0b-7c4c-4f28-966f-c478d1475c61 ext4
/dev/sda6 61915c89-1d49-4072-9b16-0a9341e3ba11 swap
/dev/sda: PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/sdb1 2072-2E28 vfat
/dev/sdb: PTTYPE="dos"

============================ "mount | grep ^/dev output: ===========================

Device Mount_Point Type Options

aufs / aufs (rw)
/dev/sr0 /cdrom iso9660 (ro,noatime)
/dev/loop0 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime)
/dev/sdb1 /media/2072-2E28 vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks,uid=999,gid=999,sh ortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,flush)


=========================== sda5/boot/grub/grub.cfg: ===========================

#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
load_env
fi
set default="0"
if [ ${prev_saved_entry} ]; then
set saved_entry=${prev_saved_entry}
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi

function savedefault {
if [ -z ${boot_once} ]; then
saved_entry=${chosen}
save_env saved_entry
fi
}

function recordfail {
set recordfail=1
if [ -n ${have_grubenv} ]; then if [ -z ${boot_once} ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi
}
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,5)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 91b2bc0b-7c4c-4f28-966f-c478d1475c61
if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then
set gfxmode=640x480
insmod gfxterm
insmod vbe
if terminal_output gfxterm ; then true ; else
# For backward compatibility with versions of terminal.mod that don't
# understand terminal_output
terminal gfxterm
fi
fi
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,5)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 91b2bc0b-7c4c-4f28-966f-c478d1475c61
set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale
set lang=en
insmod gettext
if [ ${recordfail} = 1 ]; then
set timeout=-1
else
set timeout=10
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-21-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,5)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 91b2bc0b-7c4c-4f28-966f-c478d1475c61
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=91b2bc0b-7c4c-4f28-966f-c478d1475c61 ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-21-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,5)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 91b2bc0b-7c4c-4f28-966f-c478d1475c61
echo 'Loading Linux 2.6.32-21-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=91b2bc0b-7c4c-4f28-966f-c478d1475c61 ro single
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" {
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,5)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 91b2bc0b-7c4c-4f28-966f-c478d1475c61
linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin
}
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" {
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,5)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 91b2bc0b-7c4c-4f28-966f-c478d1475c61
linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8
}
### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)" {
insmod ntfs
set root='(hd0,1)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set cc9043889043784a
chainloader +1
}
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###

=============================== sda5/etc/fstab: ===============================

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid -o value -s UUID' to print the universally unique identifier
# for a device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name
# devices that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0
# / was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=91b2bc0b-7c4c-4f28-966f-c478d1475c61 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=61915c89-1d49-4072-9b16-0a9341e3ba11 none swap sw 0 0

=================== sda5: Location of files loaded by Grub: ===================


102.6GB: boot/grub/core.img
107.5GB: boot/grub/grub.cfg
102.7GB: boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic
102.6GB: boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic
102.7GB: initrd.img
102.6GB: vmlinuz

================================ sdb1/menu.lst: ================================

# menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8)
# grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8),
# grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
# and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/.

## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
# the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
#
# You can specify 'saved' instead of a number. In this case, the default entry
# is the entry saved with the command 'savedefault'.
# WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not use 'savedefault' or your
# array will desync and will not let you boot your system.
default 4

## timeout sec
# Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry
# (normally the first entry defined).
timeout 10

## hiddenmenu
# Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu)
#hiddenmenu

# Pretty colours
#color cyan/blue white/blue

## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected by the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
# password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
# password topsecret

#
# examples
#
# title Windows 95/98/NT/2000
# root (hd0,0)
# makeactive
# chainloader +1
#
# title Linux
# root (hd0,1)
# kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda2 ro
#

#
# Put static boot stanzas before and/or after AUTOMAGIC KERNEL LIST

### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
## lines between the AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST markers will be modified
## by the debian update-grub script except for the default options below

## DO NOT UNCOMMENT THEM, Just edit them to your needs

## ## Start Default Options ##
## default kernel options
## default kernel options for automagic boot options
## If you want special options for specific kernels use kopt_x_y_z
## where x.y.z is kernel version. Minor versions can be omitted.
## e.g. kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro
## kopt_2_6_8=root=/dev/hdc1 ro
## kopt_2_6_8_2_686=root=/dev/hdc2 ro
# kopt=root=UUID=3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7 ro

## default grub root device
## e.g. groot=(hd0,0)
# groot=3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7

## should update-grub create alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. alternative=true
## alternative=false
# alternative=true

## should update-grub lock alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. lockalternative=true
## lockalternative=false
# lockalternative=false

## additional options to use with the default boot option, but not with the
## alternatives
## e.g. defoptions=vga=791 resume=/dev/hda5
# defoptions=quiet splash

## should update-grub lock old automagic boot options
## e.g. lockold=false
## lockold=true
# lockold=false

## Xen hypervisor options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenhopt=

## Xen Linux kernel options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenkopt=console=tty0

## altoption boot targets option
## multiple altoptions lines are allowed
## e.g. altoptions=(extra menu suffix) extra boot options
## altoptions=(recovery) single
# altoptions=(recovery mode) single

## controls how many kernels should be put into the menu.lst
## only counts the first occurence of a kernel, not the
## alternative kernel options
## e.g. howmany=all
## howmany=7
# howmany=all

## specify if running in Xen domU or have grub detect automatically
## update-grub will ignore non-xen kernels when running in domU and vice versa
## e.g. indomU=detect
## indomU=true
## indomU=false
# indomU=detect

## should update-grub create memtest86 boot option
## e.g. memtest86=true
## memtest86=false
# memtest86=true

## should update-grub adjust the value of the default booted system
## can be true or false
# updatedefaultentry=false

## should update-grub add savedefault to the default options
## can be true or false
# savedefault=false

## ## End Default Options ##

title Ubuntu 9.04, kernel 2.6.28-16-generic
uuid 3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28-16-generic root=UUID=3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7 ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.28-16-generic
quiet

title Ubuntu 9.04, kernel 2.6.28-16-generic (recovery mode)
uuid 3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28-16-generic root=UUID=3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7 ro single
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.28-16-generic

# title Ubuntu 9.04, kernel 2.6.28-15-generic
# uuid 3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7
# kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28-15-generic root=UUID=3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7 ro quiet splash
# initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.28-15-generic
# quiet

# title Ubuntu 9.04, kernel 2.6.28-15-generic (recovery mode)
# uuid 3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7
# kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28-15-generic root=UUID=3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7 ro single
# initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.28-15-generic

# title Ubuntu 9.04, kernel 2.6.28-11-generic
# uuid 3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7
# kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28-11-generic root=UUID=3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7 ro quiet splash
# initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.28-11-generic
# quiet

# title Ubuntu 9.04, kernel 2.6.28-11-generic (recovery mode)
# uuid 3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7
# kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28-11-generic root=UUID=3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7 ro single
# initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.28-11-generic

title Ubuntu 9.04, memtest86+
uuid 3ced1c71-94a6-444a-b516-1f20dbfc44e7
kernel /boot/memtest86+.bin
quiet

### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST

# This is a divider, added to separate the menu items below from the Debian
# ones.
title Other operating systems:
root


# This entry automatically added by the Debian installer for a non-linux OS
# on /dev/sda1
title Microsoft Windows XP Professional
rootnoverify (hd0,0)
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader +1


=================== sdb1: Location of files loaded by Grub: ===================


??GB: menu.lst
=========================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc =======================

Unknown BootLoader on sda4

00000000 92 52 37 97 f6 b2 ef bc a1 7d 7c a3 23 13 3c 29 |.R7......}|.#.<)|
00000010 91 91 93 61 37 b7 18 49 00 32 5e 4b 18 32 85 cd |...a7..I.2^K.2..|
00000020 22 c0 ea 0b 5e 35 b2 54 7a 74 e5 8e 42 28 98 72 |"...^5.Tzt..B(.r|
00000030 6c a8 ef 42 bf 8b 51 c2 53 47 79 d4 23 7f b4 df |l..B..Q.SGy.#...|
00000040 97 f9 cf 9f ff cb fc 99 34 57 6f 37 ee 9f e4 4a |........4Wo7...J|
00000050 69 8b e0 cd 7e 0e 00 8e 54 08 00 02 4b 92 fe c3 |i...~...T...K...|
00000060 c4 39 02 0c 57 0d 42 8e 02 68 13 34 d7 69 d7 27 |.9..W.B..h.4.i.'|
00000070 4f f4 9a 44 8a 49 27 a0 e3 e2 42 71 67 cf c7 d8 |O..D.I'...Bqg...|
00000080 6d 08 8d 6b 38 d9 06 92 37 85 e8 94 51 34 e3 79 |m..k8...7...Q4.y|
00000090 21 9b 93 ce ff 6c 90 2a 6b 83 f0 1c 40 12 00 70 |!....l.*k...@..p|
000000a0 30 9b b8 5b 90 61 04 ff fb 92 6c f8 00 04 71 67 |0..[.a....l...qg|
000000b0 d7 6b 2c 33 72 38 04 2b 1c 3d 67 3a 12 01 9f 5f |.k,3r8.+.=g:..._|
000000c0 ac a4 cb 89 24 23 ec fc f4 89 70 83 1d 75 cf 26 |....$#....p..u.&|
000000d0 05 ff c3 90 d5 7b bb 09 3f df 92 5d 9b 13 f6 51 |.....{..?..]...Q|
000000e0 0e 75 f4 1b 21 48 11 3f d5 21 8f 38 a5 e9 68 e1 |.u..!H.?.!.8..h.|
000000f0 34 d3 62 06 aa bb 85 04 ef d1 46 26 63 eb ac e7 |4.b.......F&c...|
00000100 7d 63 14 8b 04 50 f5 29 64 1d 8d 4c 23 fc e7 17 |}c...P.)d..L#...|
00000110 52 49 33 1c d9 02 49 20 80 49 36 b1 02 84 0d 13 |RI3...I .I6.....|
00000120 18 12 e3 5c 46 64 cc 7b 4e 91 ff ab a9 5b 35 4e |...\Fd.{N....[5N|
00000130 79 90 f6 48 f2 0e 9f 53 3a 4b 08 1e e8 c1 59 1c |y..H...S:K....Y.|
00000140 ba 23 d9 f6 f4 3f b9 2f c4 eb 53 66 27 2e b6 a3 |.#...?./..Sf'...|
00000150 7f fc cd ff fd 7d f9 b9 5c 7d 43 5e 7e 84 14 41 |.....}..\}C^~..A|
00000160 73 2a 91 20 74 c4 42 da f3 fe ff dc df d1 28 00 |s*. t.B.......(.|
00000170 20 14 9c 95 af 1a 16 a9 7a ac 2f 7a 03 a6 99 6b | .......z./z...k|
00000180 ec f2 2b 9d ab 92 cc ca e5 09 4b ab e5 ec 09 fc |..+.......K.....|
00000190 0a cd bf 1a 7f d0 e8 30 6c 10 f3 79 83 84 d6 62 |.......0l..y...b|
000001a0 21 57 7f 94 5f b7 56 72 78 7d 99 77 64 27 69 98 |!W.._.Vrx}.wd'i.|
000001b0 31 24 10 16 89 e6 04 66 c1 e7 16 3f b1 ab 00 23 |1$.....f...?...#|
000001c0 d2 ff 83 23 d2 ff 02 00 00 00 00 b0 ae 02 00 23 |...#...........#|
000001d0 d2 ff 05 23 d2 ff 1a b7 ae 02 e8 20 1f 00 00 00 |...#....... ....|
000001e0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.|
00000200

[darkod]

Hmmm, it looks fine. What model of video card do you have? It might have issues with ubuntu. Although in that case usually live mode wouldn't work also.

[zoran.a]

The laptop model is Toshiba Satellite Pro L40 and the graphics chip should be something like Intel GMA 900. However, I doubt that Ubuntu has problems with it since I have already used Ubuntu 7 parallel with XP on the same computer. And, as you said, the live version should also not work in that case (and I am writing this post from it).

Anyway, thanks for help, have to get some sleep now, if anybody can think of something I could try I would be grateful, if not brute force always works - reinstall.

Cheers

[darkod]

It doesn't hurt reinstalling grub2 but I doubt that will change anything:

sudo mount /dev/sda5 /mnt
sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/sda

[Catharsis]

Hold down Shift while booting. Does that get you to the grub menu? If so, then follow Darkod's original suggestion.

[phr33k-dc]

I believe i have the same problem. I can only boot up when i have my usb inserted.

[zoran.a]

Hold down Shift while booting. Does that get you to the grub menu? If so, then follow Darkod's original suggestion.

Funny, that does not get me the menu, but gets me the sentance "GRUB loading." and it stops there again.

[darkod]

I believe i have the same problem. I can only boot up when i have my usb inserted.

phr33k, your problem is not the same. And on another thread where you have posted the results I replied to you, but it seems you never replied back.

Even better, create your own thread and post the results file in CODE tags, not as attachment, because you also have some specific setup, there was some encryption reported in your results. Anyway, I told you your problem, you don't have a bootloader on any disk. So of course you can't boot.

[Catharsis]

Funny, that does not get me the menu, but gets me the sentance "GRUB loading." and it stops there again.

Really weird. You should really try reinstalling Grub2 per Darko's instructions in Comment #8.

There's an old menu.lst on sdb1; could that be causing the problem? It looks like a removable flash drive or an SD card; can you remove it and see if you can get to GRUB?

[zoran.a]

Really weird. You should really try reinstalling Grub2 per Darko's instructions in Comment #8.

Done that. It said it was successful, but there was no change.


There's an old menu.lst on sdb1; could that be causing the problem? It looks like a removable flash drive or an SD card; can you remove it and see if you can get to GRUB?Yes, I have seen that as well and it is also strange - it refers to Ubuntu 9, although I had nothing to do with it.

And I have no flash drive or any other removable drives except the CD. It reminds me of the problem I had on my girlfiend's Eee PC: after the installation everything was correct, except that it wanted to load GRUB from the USB stick (which I used for installation). Could it be that it's doing the same thing now with the live CD? Unfortunately I naively did not bother to remember how I solved that problem a year ago.

[darkod]

There is the possibility that you somehow have a mix of grub1 and grub2 on the computer. So even though all looks fine, it can't boot properly.

kansasnoob is expert for that, I don't know the commands. Let me see if I can dig up any of his posts...

[darkod]

Here it is, you can start reading from post #13:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1494042&highlight=grub2&page=2

PS. Some of the commands in post #13 are for that thread specifically, you don't have to do all of them. I mainly mean the grub-install commands towards the end of the post. That user had two disks, so grub2 was reinstalled to both /dev/sda and /dev/sdb. For you, you might need only /dev/sda, or only /dev/sdb, depending where you want grub2 present.