WARNING: This method uses setuid on 2 binaries, which might present potential security risks.
More info on setuid: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setuid
Step 1: Set up grub2
Add the following to /etc/default/grub:
Code:
GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
# if you uncomment the following line, it will keep windows as default until you boot into ubuntu again.
# GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true
Then run:
Example /etc/default/grub:
Code:
cat /etc/default/grub
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
# if you uncomment the following line, it will keep windows as default until you boot into ubuntu again.
# GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console
# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480
# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true
# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_RECOVERY="true"
# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"
Step 2: Create the reboot scripts
/usr/sbin/reboot_into_windows_once.sh :
Code:
#!/bin/bash
# Set the default boot entry for GRUB, for the next boot only. + reboot
/usr/sbin/grub-reboot "Windows Vista (loader) (on /dev/sda1)"
/sbin/reboot
/usr/sbin/reboot_into_windows_always.sh :
Code:
#!/bin/bash
# Set the default boot entry for GRUB. + reboot
/usr/sbin/grub-set-default "Windows Vista (loader) (on /dev/sda1)"
/sbin/reboot
Don't forget to make them executable:
Code:
sudo chmod 755 /usr/sbin/reboot_into_windows_once.sh
sudo chmod 755 /usr/sbin/reboot_into_windows_always.sh
You should of course replace "Windows Vista (loader) (on /dev/sda1)" by your own menu entry from grub.
You can find it by looking at /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
Example:
Code:
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
load_env
fi
set default="${saved_entry}"
if [ ${prev_saved_entry} ]; then
set saved_entry=${prev_saved_entry}
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z ${boot_once} ]; then
saved_entry=${chosen}
save_env saved_entry
fi
}
function recordfail {
set recordfail=1
if [ -n ${have_grubenv} ]; then if [ -z ${boot_once} ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi
}
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then
set gfxmode=640x480
insmod gfxterm
insmod vbe
if terminal_output gfxterm ; then true ; else
# For backward compatibility with versions of terminal.mod that don't
# understand terminal_output
terminal gfxterm
fi
fi
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale
set lang=fr
insmod gettext
if [ ${recordfail} = 1 ]; then
set timeout=-1
else
set timeout=10
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry 'Ubuntu, avec Linux 2.6.32-22-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
savedefault
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic root=UUID=fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483 ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, avec Linux 2.6.32-22-generic (mode de récupération)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
savedefault
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
echo 'Chargement de Linux 2.6.32-22-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic root=UUID=fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483 ro single
echo 'Chargement du disque mémoire initial...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, avec Linux 2.6.31-20-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
savedefault
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-20-generic root=UUID=fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483 ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-20-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, avec Linux 2.6.31-20-generic (mode de récupération)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
savedefault
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
echo 'Chargement de Linux 2.6.31-20-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-20-generic root=UUID=fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483 ro single
echo 'Chargement du disque mémoire initial...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-20-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, avec Linux 2.6.28-17-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
savedefault
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28-17-generic root=UUID=fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483 ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.28-17-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, avec Linux 2.6.28-17-generic (mode de récupération)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
savedefault
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
echo 'Chargement de Linux 2.6.28-17-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28-17-generic root=UUID=fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483 ro single
echo 'Chargement du disque mémoire initial...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.28-17-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, avec Linux 2.6.27-7-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
savedefault
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-generic root=UUID=fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483 ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, avec Linux 2.6.27-7-generic (mode de récupération)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
savedefault
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
echo 'Chargement de Linux 2.6.27-7-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-generic root=UUID=fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483 ro single
echo 'Chargement du disque mémoire initial...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-generic
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" {
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin
}
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" {
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fa9fcdbc-2341-4545-ba2d-be044e93e483
linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8
}
### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
menuentry "Windows Vista (loader) (on /dev/sda1)" {
savedefault
insmod ntfs
set root='(hd0,1)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 6c30ee3230ee02c6
chainloader +1
}
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
Step 3: Set UID where necessary
Code:
sudo chmod u+s /sbin/reboot
sudo chmod u+s /usr/bin/grub-editenv
THIS WILL ALLOW NORMAL USERS TO RUN /sbin/reboot AND /usr/bin/grub-editenv AS IF THEY WERE ROOT!
Step 4: Create reboot menu entries
Run alacarte:
This howto has been modified to allow for the use of 2 scripts, so you should create entries for each of them:
Entry 1:
-Name: Reboot into Windows (once)
-Command: /usr/sbin/reboot_into_windows_once.sh
Entry 2:
-Name: Reboot into Windows (always)
-Command: /usr/sbin/reboot_into_windows_always.sh
Create a new menu entry for each one of the scripts like in the image below:
reboot1.png
Et voilà:
reboot2.png
Note: There is probably a way of using dbus (or whatever the normal reboot menu entry uses) to reboot instead of using setuid on the reboot binary, but I haven't looked into it yet.
Note2: A password dialog and/or confirmation dialog can easily be added to the script if you don't want to use setuid and/or prefer a confirmation dialog before rebooting. Use zenity, gksudo or kdesudo.
References:
Grub 2 basics guide
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