I'd like to understand a little (more) how GRUB2 works.
I've read the whole official manual, and a good number of posts in several forums, mainly in this ubuntuforum, some of them having a guide or basic guide or tutorial about GRUB2.
Any of these readings have cleared my doubts.
Perhaps my little knowledge of English didn't help, (I must to say that I haven't been able to understand all what I have read).
Anyway here I am, to see if someone can help me to understand what GRUB2 has done with my system and what choices I have to leave it in a clearer way.
Moreover, I've seen that most of GRUB2 relevant questions have been posted in this forum (Installation & Upgrades) but if someone think it's better to place it in another forum (even outside from ubuntuforums) I'll be glad to listen all suggestions and follow them if possible.
My situation: nowadays I've connected only one HD (2TB) to my system.
I installed Debian 7 (yes I know, this is an Ubuntu forum, but I think my problem is with GRUB2, and I've seen here a lot of GRUB2 knowledge and nicely GRUB2 gurus, on the other hand Ubuntu was made from Debian, so I think maybe I could get some help anyway).
Partitions created are:
- sda1-> / with Debian installed (ext3)
- sda2-> (swap)
- sda3-> Extended partitios for /home and others GNU/linux OS
- sda5-> /home for several GNU/linux OS, Debian 7initially, (ext4)
- sda 4-> To contain Windows Vista data recovered from another HD (NTFS). This partition doesn't have any OS installed, only a image file of another computer HD for forensics and recuperation purposes.
Later, after moving, shinrinkg, formatting, reinstalling... partitions and Debian 7, I made room into sda3 to a new logicalpartition (sda6). Here I installed OpenSuse 13.1. During this installation I choose to NOT install any boot loader from OpenSuse. When OpenSuse installaton procedure decided, unilaterally, to reboot the system, obviously OpenSuse wasn't able to start. So I started Debian and run 'grub-update', then reboot again. This time I was able to login into OpenSuse, but... my GRUB2 menú has ¡6 entries! for OpenSuse.
The first question is why BootInfoScript results file (see below) has so little info and, specifically:
- why says 'Mounting failed: mount: /dev/sda1 is already mounted or sda1 is busy' under sda1 in the Boot Info Summary section.
- why i can't see any grub.cfg file
- what is the last line meaning: 'xz: (stdin): Compressed data is corrupt'.
The fact is the file BootInfoScript generated is really different from those I've seen in this forum, and I'm wondering why.
The second question is if anybody can explain me why the 6 entries for OpenSuse in grub menu. They seem the same, but if you look at grub.cfg file (see below the second Script results file) they aren't.
Any help to improve my (or our) knowledge is appreciated.
(Too if you think this isnt' the right place to post these questions and you can say me where must I have to submit them I'll be glad to do it).
Thanks.
Script results when I run it from Debian 7:
Code:
Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012]
============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================
=> Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of
the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
for (,msdos1)/boot/grub on this drive.
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext3
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Mounting failed: mount: /dev/sda1 ya está montado o sda1 está ocupado
sda2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: swap
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda3: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: Extended Partition
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda5: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System:
Boot files:
sda6: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Welcome to openSUSE 13.1
"Bottle" - Kernel ().
Boot files: /etc/fstab
sda4: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Boot file info: Grub Legacy (v) in the file /HD1TBImg looks at sector
1 of the same hard drive for the stage2 file, but no
stage2 files can be found at this location.
Operating System:
Boot files:
============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================
Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________
Disk /dev/sda: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders, 3907029168 sectores en total
Units = sectores of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2,048 248,588,287 248,586,240 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 248,589,810 285,635,699 37,045,890 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 285,635,700 816,744,599 531,108,900 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 419,923,968 810,547,199 390,623,232 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 285,638,656 419,921,919 134,283,264 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 816,744,600 3,219,618,779 2,402,874,180 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
"blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________
Device UUID TYPE LABEL
/dev/sda1 cf3a845f-8075-4121-9772-6246dcc6f546 ext3 RenuevaRaizExt3
/dev/sda2 06836c6f-deac-4c8b-89ca-d316c1accb58 swap
/dev/sda4 5411C8E203F72C38 ntfs RecupNTFS
/dev/sda5 b155f785-c6b3-4a52-a2e7-cd07040beb1e ext4
/dev/sda6 ea38ba5e-2fc7-4b84-9960-d4e399b2efb2 ext4
/dev/sr0 iso9660 Debian 7.3.0 amd64 1
================================ Mount points: =================================
Device Mount_Point Type Options
/dev/disk/by-uuid/cf3a845f-8075-4121-9772-6246dcc6f546 / ext3 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,user_xattr,acl,barrier=1,data=ordered)
/dev/sda5 /home ext4 (rw,relatime,user_xattr,barrier=1,data=ordered)
/dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 iso9660 (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,user=roberto)
=============================== sda6/etc/fstab: ================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST2000DM001-1CH164_Z340DEEX-part6 / ext4 acl,user_xattr 1 1
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST2000DM001-1CH164_Z340DEEX-part2 swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST2000DM001-1CH164_Z340DEEX-part5 /home ext4 defaults 1 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=================== sda6: Location of files loaded by Grub: ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
176.346817017 = 189.350952960 boot/grub/stage2 1
139.827358246 = 150.138482688 boot/initrd 1
139.827358246 = 150.138482688 boot/initrd-3.11.6-4-desktop 1
176.342304230 = 189.346107392 boot/vmlinuz 1
176.342304230 = 189.346107392 boot/vmlinuz-3.11.6-4-desktop 1
=============================== StdErr Messages: ===============================
xz: (stdin): Compressed data is corrupt
Script results when I run it from OpenSuse 13.1:
Code:
Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012]
============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================
=> Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of
the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
for (,msdos1)/boot/grub on this drive.
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext3
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Debian GNU/Linux 7
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img
sda2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: swap
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda3: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: Extended Partition
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda5: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System:
Boot files:
sda6: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Welcome to openSUSE 13.1
"Bottle" - Kernel ().
Boot files: /etc/fstab
sda4: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Boot file info: Grub Legacy (v) in the file /HD1TBImg looks at sector
1 of the same hard drive for the stage2 file, but no
stage2 files can be found at this location.
Operating System:
Boot files:
============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================
Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________
Disk /dev/sda: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2,048 248,588,287 248,586,240 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 248,589,810 285,635,699 37,045,890 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 285,635,700 816,744,599 531,108,900 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 419,923,968 810,547,199 390,623,232 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 285,638,656 419,921,919 134,283,264 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 816,744,600 3,219,618,779 2,402,874,180 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
"blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________
Device UUID TYPE LABEL
/dev/sda1 cf3a845f-8075-4121-9772-6246dcc6f546 ext3 RenuevaRaizExt3
/dev/sda2 06836c6f-deac-4c8b-89ca-d316c1accb58 swap
/dev/sda4 5411C8E203F72C38 ntfs RecupNTFS
/dev/sda5 b155f785-c6b3-4a52-a2e7-cd07040beb1e ext4
/dev/sda6 ea38ba5e-2fc7-4b84-9960-d4e399b2efb2 ext4
================================ Mount points: =================================
Device Mount_Point Type Options
/dev/sda5 /home ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)
/dev/sda6 / ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)
=========================== sda1/boot/grub/grub.cfg: ===========================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
load_env
fi
set default="0"
if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env saved_entry
fi
}
function load_video {
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
}
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos1)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root cf3a845f-8075-4121-9772-6246dcc6f546
if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then
set gfxmode=640x480
load_video
insmod gfxterm
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos1)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root cf3a845f-8075-4121-9772-6246dcc6f546
set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale
set lang=es_ES
insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
set timeout=5
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos1)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root cf3a845f-8075-4121-9772-6246dcc6f546
insmod png
if background_image /usr/share/images/desktop-base/joy-grub.png; then
set color_normal=white/black
set color_highlight=black/white
else
set menu_color_normal=cyan/blue
set menu_color_highlight=white/blue
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Linux 3.2.0-4-amd64' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
load_video
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos1)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root cf3a845f-8075-4121-9772-6246dcc6f546
echo 'Loading Linux 3.2.0-4-amd64 ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-amd64 root=UUID=cf3a845f-8075-4121-9772-6246dcc6f546 ro quiet
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-4-amd64
}
menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Linux 3.2.0-4-amd64 (recovery mode)' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
load_video
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos1)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root cf3a845f-8075-4121-9772-6246dcc6f546
echo 'Loading Linux 3.2.0-4-amd64 ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-amd64 root=UUID=cf3a845f-8075-4121-9772-6246dcc6f546 ro single
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-4-amd64
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
menuentry "openSUSE 13.1 (x86_64) (on /dev/sda6)" --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root ea38ba5e-2fc7-4b84-9960-d4e399b2efb2
linux /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/sda6
initrd /boot/initrd
}
menuentry "openSUSE 13.1 (x86_64) (on /dev/sda6)" --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root ea38ba5e-2fc7-4b84-9960-d4e399b2efb2
linux /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/sda6
initrd /boot/initrd-3.11.6-4-desktop
}
menuentry "openSUSE 13.1 (x86_64) (on /dev/sda6)" --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root ea38ba5e-2fc7-4b84-9960-d4e399b2efb2
linux /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/sda6
initrd /boot/initrd
}
menuentry "openSUSE 13.1 (x86_64) (on /dev/sda6)" --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root ea38ba5e-2fc7-4b84-9960-d4e399b2efb2
linux /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/sda6
initrd /boot/initrd-3.11.6-4-desktop
}
menuentry "openSUSE 13.1 (x86_64) (on /dev/sda6)" --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root ea38ba5e-2fc7-4b84-9960-d4e399b2efb2
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.11.6-4-desktop root=/dev/sda6
initrd /boot/initrd-3.11.6-4-desktop
}
menuentry "openSUSE 13.1 (x86_64) (on /dev/sda6)" --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos6)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root ea38ba5e-2fc7-4b84-9960-d4e399b2efb2
linux /boot/vmlinux-3.11.6-4-desktop.gz root=/dev/sda6
}
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=============================== sda1/etc/fstab: ================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=cf3a845f-8075-4121-9772-6246dcc6f546 / ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /home was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=b155f785-c6b3-4a52-a2e7-cd07040beb1e /home ext4 defaults 0 2
# swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation
UUID=00f33e75-01d8-4ac2-ab3a-32b963567b16 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0
/dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto 0 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=================== sda1: Location of files loaded by Grub: ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
=============================== sda6/etc/fstab: ================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST2000DM001-1CH164_Z340DEEX-part6 / ext4 acl,user_xattr 1 1
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST2000DM001-1CH164_Z340DEEX-part2 swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST2000DM001-1CH164_Z340DEEX-part5 /home ext4 defaults 1 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=================== sda6: Location of files loaded by Grub: ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
=============================== StdErr Messages: ===============================
xz: (stdin): Compressed data is corrupt
cat: /tmp/BootInfo-0LMPV8Zp/Tmp_Log: No existe el fichero o el directorio
cat: /tmp/BootInfo-0LMPV8Zp/Tmp_Log: No existe el fichero o el directorio
No volume groups found
mdadm: No arrays found in config file or automatically
Adv Reply
Re: GRUB2 and Boot Info Script results help.
Sigh... maybe i have to do a poll to see why there isn't any answer to my questions...
, and really happy to read them).
Originally Posted by oldfred
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