If you believe it was the newer driver in 13.10, you may install just its driver on the current version (12.04). It can be as simple as installing the backported drivers from withing the repository, or can be a little more work as downloading the backports package > compiling > installing it.
Apart from syslog and dmesg (the log files /var/log/syslog and /var/log/dmesg), I don't think anything else can shed more light on success/failure reasons. They are huge, so you may have to analyse them yourself to be able to post only the relevant parts (or upload them at pastebin.ubuntu.com, and just give their link here, although not many people would be interested in analyzing the whole log unless you ask any of them specifically for help).
For usual information, you may use the detailed output options with regular commands, like "lspci -vvnn", followed by stripping out the details of all but the wifi related info. The "sudo lshw -C network" command can also provide some useful info, but probably not more useful than what we already have.
PS:
For the dual user id issue, you may (probably 'Should') post a thread in Resolution Center, requesting the admins whatever you want with your accounts (like which one you want to keep, which one to discard).
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