I have as of yet to see my desktop

[r.stiltskin]

Do you know on which hard disk partition you installed Ubuntu? I recall that something you posted showed swap on sda5 (I'm wondering why) but I don't think you posted anything about the location of /. You'll have to determine that before going any further. I don't have a Ubuntu live cd handy so I don't know if you can immediately see that (in Nautllus for example). If not, you can run fdisk. In a terminal window:

sudo su
fdisk /dev/sda

and then in response to fdisk's prompt, just press p <enter> and you should be able to see which /dev your Ubuntu is installed on. Then press q <enter> to quit fdisk.

Then, still in the same terminal (ASSUMING that Ubuntu is on sda1; otherwise change this accordingly)

TARGET=/media/sda1
mkdir -p $TARGET
mount /dev/sda1 $TARGET
mount --bind /dev     $TARGET/dev
mount --bind /proc    $TARGET/proc
mount --bind /sys     $TARGET/sys
chroot $TARGET /bin/bash

(I hope I got all of that right.)
Don't close the terminal.
If all went well you should now be in your Ubuntu. Try to verify that by listing the files, e.g., ls /home/[your username], or ls /boot, and look at the filenames, dates, etc., to verify that you're looking at your Ubuntu and not the live cd.

Now you can try to uninstall that amd64-microcode:

apt-get remove amd64-microcode

Then exit the chroot:

exit
umount  $TARGET/dev
umount  $TARGET/proc
umount  $TARGET/sys
umount $TARGET
reboot

Remove the cd and hopefully you'll be able to reboot without it.

[Mecharius]

The fdisk listed it as being in /dev/sda1

Now the second set of code you gave me I ran, and it gave me:

chroot: cannot change root directory to /media/sda1: No such file or directory

I am going to go back over it to be sure but I am certain that I had put everything in proper.

[Mecharius]

I am not seeing any issues in what I put into terminal in comparison to what you gave me. So maybe I am doing something wrong?

TARGET=/media/sda1
mkdir -p $TARGET
mount /dev/sda1 $TARGET
mount --bind /dev     $TARGET/dev
mount --bind /proc    $TARGET/proc
mount --bind /sys     $TARGET/sys
chroot $TARGET /bin/bash

I typed that all out in text editor then copy pasted it into terminal and hit enter. Should I be doing each line individualy?

[sudodus]

I am not seeing any issues in what I put into terminal in comparison to what you gave me. So maybe I am doing something wrong?

TARGET=/media/sda1
mkdir -p $TARGET
mount /dev/sda1 $TARGET
mount --bind /dev     $TARGET/dev
mount --bind /proc    $TARGET/proc
mount --bind /sys     $TARGET/sys
chroot $TARGET /bin/bash

I typed that all out in text editor then copy pasted it into terminal and hit enter. Should I be doing each line individualy?

It is possible to do like you did, but I suggest that you create a file with that content (write it to a file with a suitable name filename) and those commands will be saved in a shell-script file.

Then run the file with the following command

bash filename

[Mecharius]

I shall try that now.

[r.stiltskin]

I did expect you to run each command (line) individually. That way you would be sure to see any error messages that might appear. But if you copied everything correctly I see no reason why copy/pasting all the lines shouldn't work. sudodus' method should work as well.

I suspect that you overlooked the part of post #121 that says "Then, still in the same terminal ..." If you are not the superuser, you will fail at mkdir -p $TARGET because an ordinary user lacks write permission to /media, and you probably didn't see that error message because of running all the commands together.

You must run

sudo su

at the beginning of the terminal session in which you want to chroot. Then you can copy/paste each line individually or all together or in a file and it should work. But if you're retyping be sure you get the spaces right. No spaces at all in the first line.
TARGET=/media/sda1
Then:
mkdir[space] -p[space] $TARGET
mount[space] /dev/sda1[space] $TARGET
mount[space] --bind[space] /dev[space] $TARGET/dev
mount[space] --bind[space] /proc[space] $TARGET/proc
mount[space] --bind /sys[space] $TARGET/sys
chroot[space] $TARGET[space] /bin/bash

Obviously, don't type "[space]".

On the three lines where I used multiple spaces to align $TARGET, that was just for esthetics. A single space for each of them would be fine.

[Mecharius]

Yes, you are correct, some how the "still in the same terminal" managed to escape me as I moved through this. I apologize.
I decided to put them in individualy:

 sudo su TARGET=/media/sda1

this gave me:

Unknown id: TARGET=/media/sda1

[r.stiltskin]

No, that's two separate commands. First do
sudo su

That will give you a root prompt.

Then do the other commands, one at a time.

[Mecharius]

sudo su
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# TARGET=/media/sda1
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mkdir -p $TARGET
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mount /dev/sda1 $TARGET
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mount -bind /dev $TARGET/dev
mount: invalid option -- 'b'
Usage: mount -V                              : print version
           mount -h                              : print this help
           mount                                  : list mounted filesystems
           mount -l                               : idem, including volume labels
So far the informational part. Next the mounting.
The command is 'mount [-t fstype] something somewhere'.
Details found in /etc/fstab may be omitted.
          mount -a [-t|-o] ...                 : mount all stuff from /etc/fstab
          mount device                         : mount devices at the known place
          mount directory                      : mount known device here
          mount  -t type dev dir             : ordinary mount command
Note that one does not really mount a device, one mounts
a filesystem (of the given type) found on the device.
One can also mount an already visible directory tree elsewhere:
          mount  --bind alddir newdir
or move a subtree:
          mount  --move olddir newdir
One can change the type of mount containing the directory dir:
          mount  --make-rshared dir
          mount  --make-rslave dir
          mount  --make-rprivate dir
          mount  --make-runbindable dir
A device can be given by name, say /dev/hda1 or /dev/cdrom,
or by label, using  -L label  or by uuid, using  -U uuid .
Other options: [-nfFrsvw]  [-o options]  [-p password].
For many more details, say  man 8 mount .
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mount -bind /proc $Target/proc
mount: invalid option  --  'b'
Usage:  mount -V                             : print version
           mount -h                              : print this help
           mount                                  : list mounted filesystems
           mount -l                               : idem, including volume labels
So far the informational part. Next the mounting.
The command is 'mount [-t fstype] something somewhere'.
Details found in /etc/fstab may be omitted.
          mount -a [-t|-o] ...                : mount all stuff from /etc/fstab
          mount device                        : mount device at the known place
          mount directory                     : mount known device here
          mount -t type dev dir             : ordinary mount command
Note that one does not really mount a device, one mounts
a filesystem (of the given type) found on the device.
Once can also mount an already visible directory tree elsewhere:
         mount  --bind oldirr newdir
or move a subtree:
         mount  --move olddirr newdir
One can change the type of mount containing the directory dir:
         mount  --make-rshared dir
         mount  --make-rslave dir
         mount  --make-rprivate dir
         mount  --make-runbindable dir
A device can be given by name, say /dev/hda1 or /dev/cdrom,
or by label, using  -L label  or by uuid, using  -U uuid .
Other options: [-nfFrsvw] [-o options] [-p passwdfd].
For many more details, say  man 8 mount .
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mount -bind/sys $TARGET/sys
mount: invalid option  --  'b'
Usage:  mount -V                              : print version
            mount -h                              : print this help
            mount                                  : list mounted filesystems
            mount -l                               : idem, including volume labels
So far the informational part. Next the mounting.
The command is 'mount [-t fstype] something somewhere'.
Details found in /etc/fstab may be omitted.
          mount -a [-t|-o] ...                 : mount all stuff from /etc/fstab
          mount device                          : mount device at the known place
          mount directory                      : mount known device here
          mount  -t type dev dir             : ordinary mount command
Note that one does not really mount a device, one mounts
a filesystem (of the given type) found on the device.
One can also mount an already visible directory tree elsewhere:
         mount  -bind olddir newdir
or move a subtree:
         mount --move oldirr newdir
One can change the type of mount containing the directory dir:
         mount  --make-shared dir
         mount  --make-slave dir
         mount  --make-private dir
         mount  --make-runbindable dir
A device can be given by name, say /dev/hda1  or  /dev/cdrom,
or by label, using  -L label  or by uuid, using  -U uuid .
Other options: [-nfFrsvw]  [-o options]  [-p passwdfd].For more details, say  man 8 mount .
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# chroot $TARGET  /bin/bash
root@ubuntu:/#

[Mecharius]

I posted that up as much to get suggestions on how to dig through as to have a copy in a place other than the terminal so I can read through it.