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Thread: How are newer CPUs handled?

  1. #1
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    How are newer CPUs handled?

    It's come to my attention that I very much lack understanding of how Ubuntu/Linux handles newer CPUs with multiple cores, multi-threading, and "turbo speeds".

    Case in point, my laptop is currently running an Intel i5-2410M. The vendor lists it as having 2 cores, 4 threads, a clock speed of 2.3GHz, and a turbo speed of 2.9 GHz.

    When I open System Monitor, it shows percent usages for 4 CPUs. Is that because of 4 threads??

    Also, lshw returns this:
    Code:
      *-cpu                   
           description: CPU
           product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2410M CPU @ 2.30GHz
           vendor: Intel Corp.
           physical id: 4
           bus info: cpu@0
           version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2410M CPU @ 2.30GHz
           serial: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
           slot: CPU 1
           size: 800MHz
           capacity: 3800MHz
           width: 64 bits
           clock: 400MHz
           capabilities: x86-64 fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer xsave avx lahf_lm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dtherm tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid cpufreq
           configuration: cores=2 enabledcores=1 threads=2
    (I bolded the parts that don't make sense.)

    Also, lscpu gives this:

    Code:
    Architecture:          x86_64
    CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
    Byte Order:            Little Endian
    CPU(s):                4
    On-line CPU(s) list:   0-3
    Thread(s) per core:    2
    Core(s) per socket:    2
    Socket(s):             1
    NUMA node(s):          1
    Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel
    CPU family:            6
    Model:                 42
    Stepping:              7
    CPU MHz:               800.000
    BogoMIPS:              4589.55
    Virtualization:        VT-x
    L1d cache:             32K
    L1i cache:             32K
    L2 cache:              256K
    L3 cache:              3072K
    NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0-3
    Jane, stop this crazy thing!

  2. #2
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    Re: How are newer CPUs handled?

    I have no idea, but a search on DuckDuckGo for "Multi-Core Linux" found this

    http://www.informationweek.com/white...ticleID=902463

    It looks like that might be relevant to your question.
    Michael

  3. #3
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    Re: How are newer CPUs handled?

    I don't know about the speed question. But, the system does show each thread as a "core" of sorts. My system has a 6-core i7 processor, which show in htop and other utilities as having 12 cores since it's hyperthreaded.

  4. #4
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    Re: How are newer CPUs handled?

    preferably with care and an electrostatic wristband
    Backtrack - Giving machine guns to monkeys since 2006
    Kali-Linux - Adding a grenade launcher to the machine guns since 2013

  5. #5
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    Re: How are newer CPUs handled?

    Quote Originally Posted by haqking View Post
    preferably with care and an electrostatic wristband
    Michael

  6. #6
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    Re: How are newer CPUs handled?

    This part seems right:

    configuration: cores=2 enabledcores=1 threads=2
    For whatever reason it's reading your dual-core processor, but only enabled 1 of those cores.

    Also this is correct:

    CPU(s): 4
    On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3
    Thread(s) per core: 2
    Core(s) per socket: 2
    Socket(s): 1
    The first core is usually core 0, so 0-3 would mean you have 4 cores.

    You have 1 socket (1 CPU in 1 CPU socket), there are 2 cores on that 1 socket, and each core has 2 threads (4 threads total).

    As for how to configure Ubuntu to optimize the 2.3-2.9GHz, I have no clue... sorry.
    Last edited by benbrockn; November 29th, 2012 at 03:07 AM.

  7. #7
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    Re: How are newer CPUs handled?

    Quote Originally Posted by benbrockn View Post
    For whatever reason it's reading your dual-core processor, but only enabled 1 of those cores.
    ...
    The first core is usually core 0, so 0-3 would mean you have 4 cores.
    You have 1 socket (1 CPU in 1 CPU socket), there are 2 cores on that 1 socket, and each core has 2 threads (4 threads total).
    This is part of what's confusing me. I know I have one processor, two cores, and four threads. And I'm being told (by various commands) I have one CPU, two CPUs, and four CPUs.
    Jane, stop this crazy thing!

  8. #8
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    Re: How are newer CPUs handled?

    newb85;
    I run
    Code:
    dmidecode
    and all my cores are shown (enabled).

  9. #9
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    Re: How are newer CPUs handled?

    Quote Originally Posted by Bashing-om View Post
    newb85;
    I run
    Code:
    dmidecode
    and all my cores are shown (enabled).
    Thanks for the tip. Once I filtered the results with "-t processor" option,

    Code:
    # dmidecode 2.11
    SMBIOS 2.6 present.
    
    Handle 0x0004, DMI type 4, 42 bytes
    Processor Information
    	Socket Designation: CPU 1
    	Type: Central Processor
    	Family: Core 2 Duo
    	Manufacturer: Intel            
    	ID: A7 06 02 00 FF FB EB BF
    	Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 42, Stepping 7
    	Flags:
    		FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip)
    		VME (Virtual mode extension)
    		DE (Debugging extension)
    		PSE (Page size extension)
    		TSC (Time stamp counter)
    		MSR (Model specific registers)
    		PAE (Physical address extension)
    		MCE (Machine check exception)
    		CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported)
    		APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported)
    		SEP (Fast system call)
    		MTRR (Memory type range registers)
    		PGE (Page global enable)
    		MCA (Machine check architecture)
    		CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported)
    		PAT (Page attribute table)
    		PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension)
    		CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported)
    		DS (Debug store)
    		ACPI (ACPI supported)
    		MMX (MMX technology supported)
    		FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported)
    		SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions)
    		SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2)
    		SS (Self-snoop)
    		HTT (Multi-threading)
    		TM (Thermal monitor supported)
    		PBE (Pending break enabled)
    	Version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2410M CPU @ 2.30GHz       
    	Voltage: 0.0 V
    	External Clock: 400 MHz
    	Max Speed: 3800 MHz
    	Current Speed: 2300 MHz
    	Status: Populated, Enabled
    	Upgrade: Other
    	L1 Cache Handle: 0x0005
    	L2 Cache Handle: 0x0006
    	L3 Cache Handle: 0x0007
    	Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
    	Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
    	Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
    	Core Count: 2
    	Core Enabled: 1
    	Thread Count: 2
    	Characteristics:
    		64-bit capable
    Still looks like only one core (with two threads) is enabled. Meanwhile, System Monitor is still showing four different CPU levels.
    Jane, stop this crazy thing!

  10. #10
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    Re: How are newer CPUs handled?

    I do not know what I can say ?? I would have expected the installer to pick up on both processors and enable them...hummmm
    here is mine:
    Code:
             HTT (Multi-threading)
            Version: AMD Athlon(tm) 64 X2 Dual Core Processor 5000+
            Voltage: 1.3 V
            External Clock: 200 MHz
            Max Speed: 3000 MHz
            Current Speed: 2600 MHz
            Status: Populated, Enabled
            Upgrade: Socket 940
            L1 Cache Handle: 0x000A
            L2 Cache Handle: 0x000B
            L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided
            Serial Number:  
            Asset Tag:  
            Part Number:  
            Core Count: 2
            Core Enabled: 2
            Thread Count: 2
            Characteristics:
                    64-bit capable
    I presently have 4 ubuntu installs on this system, all installs through GParted, the last 2 simple installs with the installer on liveCD. All of them see both processors.

    I wish I had further to add, but nada...
    best regards < == BDQ

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