Commonly Used Sudo Commands for (*)Ubuntu/Unity Crash Recovery

[ventrical]

How to reduce disk space usage using the command line.

You can reduce disk space usage, by cleaning out /var/cache/apt/archives using apt-get clean.

Before:

     df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1       9.5G  6.9G  2.2G  77% /
none            4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev            992M  4.0K  992M   1% /dev
tmpfs           201M  2.7M  198M   2% /run
none            5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none           1001M  780K 1001M   1% /run/shm
none            100M   32K  100M   1% /run/user
/dev/sdb3       218G   83G  124G  40% /home

After:

     df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1       9.5G  6.3G  2.7G  71% /
none            4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev            992M  4.0K  992M   1% /dev
tmpfs           201M  2.7M  198M   2% /run
none            5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none           1001M  780K 1001M   1% /run/shm
none            100M   32K  100M   1% /run/user
/dev/sdb3       218G   83G  124G  40% /home

I just cleaned the archive directory out last week, so there isn't a great difference, but I did gain about 500MiB.

as per ..

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.p...4#post12797824

[zika]

How to reduce disk space usgae using the command line.

You can reduce disk space usage, by cleaning out /var/cache/apt/archives using apt-get clean.

Before:

     df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1       9.5G  6.9G  2.2G  77% /
none            4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev            992M  4.0K  992M   1% /dev
tmpfs           201M  2.7M  198M   2% /run
none            5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none           1001M  780K 1001M   1% /run/shm
none            100M   32K  100M   1% /run/user
/dev/sdb3       218G   83G  124G  40% /home

After:

     df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1       9.5G  6.3G  2.7G  71% /
none            4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev            992M  4.0K  992M   1% /dev
tmpfs           201M  2.7M  198M   2% /run
none            5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none           1001M  780K 1001M   1% /run/shm
none            100M   32K  100M   1% /run/user
/dev/sdb3       218G   83G  124G  40% /home

I just cleaned the archive directory out last week, so there isn't a great difference, but I did gain about 500MiB.

as per ..

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.p...4#post12797824

It depends very much on options You choose for apt... I'm not sure what are defaults but that is simple enough to check...Most of the time You don have even to think about clean/autoclean:

:~$ ll /var/cache/apt/archives/total 116
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 57344 Sep 24 21:25 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root  4096 Sep 24 21:25 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 49152 Sep 24 21:01 apt-fast/
-rw-r----- 1 root root     0 Jun 24 22:57 lock
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Sep 24 21:20 partial/
:~$ ll /var/cache/apt/archives/apt-fast/
total 108
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 49152 Sep 24 21:01 ./
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 57344 Sep 24 21:25 ../
:~$ ll /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/
total 60
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Sep 24 21:20 ./
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 57344 Sep 24 21:25 ../

No clean/autoclean in months/years...
No sense keeping something You're goint to erase anyway...

[ventrical]

Thanks for the addendum.

[zika]

If you download a document file (or any other file for that matter) and conventional ways of searching for that file do not work then you can use the gnome-terminal and enter the code:



dpkg -S name_of_downloaded_or_installed_file_here


This will give you the path and directory name as to where the file is.
For example, if you are searching for the mir-doc files - here are the results
of that code:

mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/inherit_graph_89.png
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/inherit_graph_116.map
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/buffer__initializer_8h__dep__incl.map
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/classmir_1_1client_1_1_null_logger__inherit__graph.map
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/classmir_1_1client_1_1_native_client_platform_factory__inherit__graph.map
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/classmir_1_1client_1_1_mir_binder_rpc_channel__inherit__graph.png
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/surfaces_2surface_8h__incl.map
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/android__client__buffer_8h__dep__incl.png
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/mir__binder__rpc__channel_8h__incl.md5
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/registration__order__focus__sequence_8h__dep__incl.png
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/size_8h__incl.map
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/inherit_graph_104.md5
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/search/all_79.html
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/mir__basic__rpc__channel_8h__incl.png
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/classmir_1_1client_1_1_client_context__inherit__graph.md5
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/classmir_1_1surfaces_1_1_graphic_region.html
mir-doc: /share/doc/mir-doc/html/structmir_1_1shell_1_1_surface_creation_parameters-members.html

etc...

Often method proposed gives less than complete answer to a question/query posed...
There is (installed by default) better tool. Just use

locate string_You_want_to_find

To refresh database that is being queryied by command given above simply use

sudo updatedb

Examples that I could think of are giving lengthy output so I do not want to burden Forum by quoteing them, You could try it for Yourself

dpkg -S locate
locate locate

...
„Your“ method has one advantage: it gives the name of the package that brought a file to Your machine, but that is also the source of its disadvantage I'm writing about...
It simply does not fullfill promised: I've bol-ed that in qoute of Your message...

[MalcolmW]

Thanks, something solved my login problem for Ubuntu 13.04. Mal

[ventrical]

*note* This post deals with an experiment I was trying randomly in hopes of finding a more expeditious way to 'roll' or upgrade to the next development release (which is currently Trusty Tahr - 14.04)

The most commonly used standard and conventional method is to sudo sed...

sudo sed -i 's/saucy/trusty/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

and then

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

then

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

with the caveat of editing the Ubuntu.info file at /usr/share/python-apt/templates/ubuntu.info


Some members, including myself, commented at how rather slow this method was.

I then decided to rename the 'saucy-desktop-i386.iso' to 'trusty-desktop-i386.iso' and then zsync the file to see if it would work.

zsync -i ./trusty-desktop-i386.iso http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/daily-live/current/trusty-desktop-i386.iso.zsync

and for some reason ,as which with Ubuntu never ceases to amaze me, the zsync worked, installed to USB using SCD and successfully installed to hdd with the Ubuntu.info file being updated afterwards:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Although my experiment was not very complicated it proved out that the development release can be appended to the last .iso release (or for that matter and previous iso release) and this makes for a very economic and expeditious way of updating/upgrading saving a tremendous amount of downtime and bandwidth.

This method of renaming is experimental. Although it may appear to be rock solid from my standpoint it may not be rock solid from the varying veiws or observations of others -so, as always, as is with development , this may bork your system.

regards..

[ventrical]

How to get rid of :KVM disabled by BIOS: message in Trusty.

http://askubuntu.com/questions/26317...sabled-by-bios

[ventrical]

EDIT:

Special Note about Mir.

Development of Mir will not happen until April 2016 cycle (16.04). If you install Mir components or Unity8 there is a good probability that you will bork your system.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir_%28software%29

Old reminder note about Mir.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Mir/Installing

There is a serious carfunkle here. After reading this link: (The link is no longer current
or updated).<I took it upon myself to edit the page with pertinent updates>

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2205637

it shows that many of the lighdm.conf files are no longer current with the data included in the wiki:

If you want to temporarily switch back to using X.org on your system, run following commands:
$> sudo vi /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/10-unity-system-compositor.conf

and add a comment to the second line:
[SeatDefaults]
#type=unity

This has now been changed to represent to correct directory. I could find no current Mir or unity-system compositor web-sites with the new instructions.

Now here https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Mir/Installing#preview

[ventrical]

New info on lighdm.conf files and directory changes and some how to's.

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2205637

[ventrical]

Edit: Note that Mir and/or Unity8 will most likely break your system. Development of Mir has ceased until 16.04 cycle so install Mir or Unty8 at your own risk.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir_%28software%29

New method to install mir.

sudo apt-get install unity-system-compositor

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop-mir

The new location for the new compositor.conf file is:

/usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/10-unity-system-compositor.conf

or here

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Mir/Installing#preview