Help me learn basic BASH scripting by posting examples

[TheLions]

Explain how the forkbomb here works. (The one with all the colons and parentheses)

it is using functions

:(){};

is a function with name :

:(){: | : &};

inside function its recursivly calling itself twice and forking process outside terminal

and the last part : after; is running that : function

[RabbitWho]

echo -e "\x5c\x64\x2e\x24\x6f\x40\x33\x20\x79\x5e\x26\x6f\x75\x40\x72\x20\x6f\x40\x28\x35\x77\x6e\x20\x24\x77\x21\x6f\x23\x72\x25\x6b" | sed 's/[\\\.\$\@3\^\(5\!\#\%\&]//g'

That's awesome.