You need to edit /boot/grub/menu.lst and /etc/fstab. Ubuntu uses UUIDs wherever possible in both those files. Because you've moved the installation from one hard drive to another,
all the UUIDs (for swap, / and whatever else you might have) will have changed.
Either edit those files to use /dev/sda1 type references or run 'sudo blkid' from a live CD to get the new UUIDs and substitute these UUIDs into the two files. If you go for the former option be aware that in menu.lst, instead of a root line, you have something like this:
You'll need to change that to
... or whatever the appropriate (hdx,y) number is.
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