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If using 22.04 Kubuntu note that this bug still applies as it uses the Ubiquity installer which defaults to first drive.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubiquity/+bug/1396379

Be sure...

You should always be able to boot an external USB flash drive for repair/recovery.
Can you not open UEFI boot options?

Did you install ESP on external drive. It also then should be bootable from...

You can only chown or chmod Linux formatted partitions, not Windows partitions like FAT32 or NTFS.
You set defaults by how you muount partition. Typically still owned by root, but with open...

I really like my external SSD. My first one was the M.2 SSD from 2017 desktop build when I wanted a newer larger drive. I liked it so much I bought a another M.2 drive and USB adapater, so have two...

If this issue is solved best to change status to solved. You can do that from first post editing and then at top menu.

And if new issue start a new thread.

What does smartmontools show.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Smartmontools
What a Failing HDD looks like
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2446974

Have you run fsck or e2fsck on...

Is this Mac a core2duo (64bit) & 32 bit UEFI boot?
The standard installer does not include the 32 bit UEFI boot files.

Old Mac with core2duo & 32 bit UEFI...

The only real difference between an old BIOS/MBR system and new UEFI/gpt system is the version of grub.
Ubuntu will let you use the old MBR with UEFI, but probably should not. Microsoft required gpt...

Please use Code tags with any text or code from terminal.
With Boot-Repair often better to just post the link it provides to the pastebin site.

A bios_grub partition is informatted. But your...

It looks like Opensuse is installed in old BIOS boot mode to very old MBR(msdos) partitioned drive sda.
You have a grub (Opensuse?) in MBR of sda.

But you also have Opensuse entry in UEFI on sdb...

Short answer no.

!8.04 is also EoL or end of live. You can get extended support but better to just install latest version.
You should have good backup, so you can just reinstall and restore from...

Ir installing a new/different nVidia driver you must purge before new driver installed or you get conflicts & issues.
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2380061...

Please use Code tags for all terminal or text output. Easy to add with Forum's Go Advanced editor and # icon.
If using Quick Reply then
at the beginning and at the end.

And please do not...

The chkdsk is a Windows only tool. You can run ntfsfix from Linux, but it only does a minor repair & turns on the chkdsk flag.

But both partition label in MBR must be NTFS and the PBR/BS must be...

Windows has to have boot flag on its boot partiton.
Vista/7 (with 7 the first two files are usually in a separate 100MB boot partition)
/bootmgr /Boot/BCD /Windows/System32/winload.exe

You are...

Did you mount the efivars when in chroot?

You cannot use #, but must use partition number where grub is, either the one in the ESP, or the one in your install.

hd0,msdos1
You have old...

Please use Code tags with text or terminal output.
And with Boot-Repair better to just post link it provides to pastebin site for your report.
How to use Code tags, # in Forum's advanced editor...

You cannot run fsck on a drive like sda, only on formatted partitions.
And fsck is for Linux ext2, ext3, or ext4 formats. Different tools for other formats.

Suggest a full chroot into your...

The question mark is not in the gdisk command, but once in gdisk you can use it to see list of valid commands. ? is not a valid command.
You can use -l that is el, not 1 or cap I as valid command to...

What brand/model system? some have specific settings in UEFI settings.

Note sure if anything works as long as you have locked NVRAM.

I also show an error on modprobe,

fred@Z170-jammy:~/ISO$...

Boot-Repair will not modify default Windows boot entries.
It seems something happened to your Windows install & you need Windows repairs.
Use your Windows repair/recovery flash drive to repair...

Did you actually type ? in command, or typo on post?

New systems since 2012 are UEFI with gpt partitioning.
Microsoft required vendors to install in UEFI mode with release of Windows 8.

I installed Kubuntu 22.04 to my Dell laptop with Intel 11th...

Its this to see gpt partitions:
sudo gdisk -l /dev/sda

While most tools are partition based, gpt is for the entire drive.

And you run commands per this:...

Backup anything in your Windows install you want to keep.

My Dell was repaired and I believe it was a new motherboard. I think they did not correctly update the Microsoft Product key which Windows...