You're going to have to reinstall wine from source. Make sure that you've added the winehq repo:
Code:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get build-dep wine
sudo apt-get install fakeroot
mkdir wine1.5
cd wine1.5
apt-get source wine1.5
cd wine*
patch -p0 < /home/YOURNAME/yourpatch.patch
dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -uc -b
This will create your new wine deb. Then completely remove your old wine:
Code:
sudo dpkg --purge wine1.5
Now you can install your patched version of wine.