caffienda
February 25th, 2007, 06:44 PM
I decided to create a 5 disk RAID 0 array in Linux. I'm running Ubuntu 6.10
Here is the procedure I used and seems to be working very well.
sudo apt-get install mdadm
sudo fdisk /dev/hda1
(delete all partiions, by using the "d" command, then the partition #. Then created a primary
partition, with a "n" then "p" and then "1" and select the defaults by hitting enter for start and
end size. Then used "t" and "83" for partition type) Repeat for all the drives to be used in the
array
/dev/hde1
/dev/hdf1
/dev/hdg1
/dev/hdh1
cd /dev/
sudo MAKEDEV md
sudo modprobe md
sudo mdadm --create --verbose /dev/.static/dev/md0 --level=0 --raid-devices=5 /dev/hda1 /dev/hde1 /dev/hdf1 /dev/hdg1 /dev/hdh1
You can change the --level=0 to the appropriate level for the array you are configuring
***mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric
***mdadm: chunk size defaults to 64K
***mdadm: /dev/hde1 appears to be part of a raid array:
*** level=raid5 devices=5 ctime=Wed Feb 21 03:27:41 2007
***mdadm: /dev/hdf1 appears to be part of a raid array:
*** level=raid5 devices=5 ctime=Wed Feb 21 03:27:41 2007
***mdadm: /dev/hdg1 appears to be part of a raid array:
*** level=raid5 devices=5 ctime=Wed Feb 21 03:27:41 2007
***mdadm: /dev/hdh1 appears to be part of a raid array:
*** level=raid5 devices=5 ctime=Wed Feb 21 03:27:41 2007
***mdadm: size set to 156288256K
***Continue creating array? y
***mdadm: array /dev/.static/dev/md0 started. ***denotes operation output
I used /dev/.static/dev/md0 because it was posted in another HowTo that I used some info from. Why not just use /dev/md0? How does this affect the array down the road? id the /dev/.static needed?
cat /proc/mdstat
***Personalities : [raid5] [raid4] [raid0]
***md0 : active raid0 hda1[0] hdh1[4] hdg1[3] hdf1[2] hde1[1]
*** 781443648 blocks 64k chunks
sudo mdadm -S /dev/md0 Used to stop the array
sudo gedit /etc/mdadm.confAdd the following lines:
DEVICE /dev/hda1 /dev/hde1 /dev/hdf1 /dev/hdg1 /dev/hdh1
ARRAY /dev/md0 devices=/dev/hda1,/dev/hde1,/dev/hdf1,/dev/hdg1,/dev/hdh1
sudo mdadm --detail --scan
***ARRAY /dev/md0 level=raid0 num-devices=5 UID=54623f8b:b3b44af:45dca40a:d0833744
The following is used to start the array
sudo mdadm -A /dev/md0 /dev/hda1 /dev/hde1 /dev/hdf1 /dev/hdg1 /dev/hdh1
***mdadm: /dev/md0 has been started with 5 drives.
sudo mdadm -E /dev/hda1
/dev/hda1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 54623f8b:b3b44af:45dca40a:d0833744
Creation Time : Sun Feb 25 13:54:18 2007
Raid Level : raid0
Device Size : 0
Raid Devices : 5
Total Devices : 5
Preferred Minor : 0
Update Time : Sun Feb 25 13:54:18 2007
State : active
Active Devices : 5
Working Devices : 5
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 436417f3 - correct
Events : 0.1
Chunk Size : 64K
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 0 3 1 0 active sync /dev/hda1
0 0 3 1 0 active sync /dev/hda1
1 1 33 1 1 active sync /dev/hde1
2 2 33 65 2 active sync /dev/hdf1
3 3 34 1 3 active sync /dev/hdg1
4 4 34 65 4 active sync /dev/hdh1
I created /media/raid directory for my array mounting point, then adding this to my fstab
sudo gedit /etc/fstab
I added the following:
/dev/md0 /media/raid ext3 defaults 0 0
sudo gedit /etc/mtab
add /dev/md0 /media/raid ext3 rw 0 0
I then created the FS with this:
sudo mke2fs -j /dev/.static/dev/md0
***mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
***Filesystem label=
***OS type: Linux
***Block size=4096 (log=2)
***Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
***97681408 inodes, 195360912 blocks
***9768045 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
***First data block=0
***Maximum filesystem blocks=197132288
***5962 block groups
***32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
***16384 inodes per group
***Superblock backups stored on blocks:
*** 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
*** 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
*** 102400000
***Writing inode tables: done
***Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
***Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
***This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
***180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
sudo fdisk -l
***Disk /dev/hda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
***137 heads, 8 sectors/track, 285202 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 1096 * 512 = 561152 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/hda1 1 285202 156290692 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/sda: 37.0 GB, 37019566080 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4500 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/sda1 * 1 4314 34652173+ 83 Linux
***/dev/sda2 4315 4500 1494045 5 Extended
***/dev/sda5 4315 4500 1494013+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
***Disk /dev/sdb: 74.3 GB, 74355769344 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9039 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/sdb1 1 1200 9638968+ 83 Linux
***/dev/sdb3 1201 3000 14458500 83 Linux
***/dev/sdb4 3001 9039 48508267+ 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/hde: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/hde1 1 19457 156288321 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/hdf: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/hdf1 1 19457 156288321 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/hdg: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/hdg1 1 19457 156288321 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/hdh: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/hdh1 1 19457 156288321 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/md0: 800.1 GB, 800198295552 bytes
***2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 195360912 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes
***Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table
Finally, make sure you have nothing else running and reboot your computer.
sudo reboot
Here is the procedure I used and seems to be working very well.
sudo apt-get install mdadm
sudo fdisk /dev/hda1
(delete all partiions, by using the "d" command, then the partition #. Then created a primary
partition, with a "n" then "p" and then "1" and select the defaults by hitting enter for start and
end size. Then used "t" and "83" for partition type) Repeat for all the drives to be used in the
array
/dev/hde1
/dev/hdf1
/dev/hdg1
/dev/hdh1
cd /dev/
sudo MAKEDEV md
sudo modprobe md
sudo mdadm --create --verbose /dev/.static/dev/md0 --level=0 --raid-devices=5 /dev/hda1 /dev/hde1 /dev/hdf1 /dev/hdg1 /dev/hdh1
You can change the --level=0 to the appropriate level for the array you are configuring
***mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric
***mdadm: chunk size defaults to 64K
***mdadm: /dev/hde1 appears to be part of a raid array:
*** level=raid5 devices=5 ctime=Wed Feb 21 03:27:41 2007
***mdadm: /dev/hdf1 appears to be part of a raid array:
*** level=raid5 devices=5 ctime=Wed Feb 21 03:27:41 2007
***mdadm: /dev/hdg1 appears to be part of a raid array:
*** level=raid5 devices=5 ctime=Wed Feb 21 03:27:41 2007
***mdadm: /dev/hdh1 appears to be part of a raid array:
*** level=raid5 devices=5 ctime=Wed Feb 21 03:27:41 2007
***mdadm: size set to 156288256K
***Continue creating array? y
***mdadm: array /dev/.static/dev/md0 started. ***denotes operation output
I used /dev/.static/dev/md0 because it was posted in another HowTo that I used some info from. Why not just use /dev/md0? How does this affect the array down the road? id the /dev/.static needed?
cat /proc/mdstat
***Personalities : [raid5] [raid4] [raid0]
***md0 : active raid0 hda1[0] hdh1[4] hdg1[3] hdf1[2] hde1[1]
*** 781443648 blocks 64k chunks
sudo mdadm -S /dev/md0 Used to stop the array
sudo gedit /etc/mdadm.confAdd the following lines:
DEVICE /dev/hda1 /dev/hde1 /dev/hdf1 /dev/hdg1 /dev/hdh1
ARRAY /dev/md0 devices=/dev/hda1,/dev/hde1,/dev/hdf1,/dev/hdg1,/dev/hdh1
sudo mdadm --detail --scan
***ARRAY /dev/md0 level=raid0 num-devices=5 UID=54623f8b:b3b44af:45dca40a:d0833744
The following is used to start the array
sudo mdadm -A /dev/md0 /dev/hda1 /dev/hde1 /dev/hdf1 /dev/hdg1 /dev/hdh1
***mdadm: /dev/md0 has been started with 5 drives.
sudo mdadm -E /dev/hda1
/dev/hda1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 54623f8b:b3b44af:45dca40a:d0833744
Creation Time : Sun Feb 25 13:54:18 2007
Raid Level : raid0
Device Size : 0
Raid Devices : 5
Total Devices : 5
Preferred Minor : 0
Update Time : Sun Feb 25 13:54:18 2007
State : active
Active Devices : 5
Working Devices : 5
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 436417f3 - correct
Events : 0.1
Chunk Size : 64K
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 0 3 1 0 active sync /dev/hda1
0 0 3 1 0 active sync /dev/hda1
1 1 33 1 1 active sync /dev/hde1
2 2 33 65 2 active sync /dev/hdf1
3 3 34 1 3 active sync /dev/hdg1
4 4 34 65 4 active sync /dev/hdh1
I created /media/raid directory for my array mounting point, then adding this to my fstab
sudo gedit /etc/fstab
I added the following:
/dev/md0 /media/raid ext3 defaults 0 0
sudo gedit /etc/mtab
add /dev/md0 /media/raid ext3 rw 0 0
I then created the FS with this:
sudo mke2fs -j /dev/.static/dev/md0
***mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
***Filesystem label=
***OS type: Linux
***Block size=4096 (log=2)
***Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
***97681408 inodes, 195360912 blocks
***9768045 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
***First data block=0
***Maximum filesystem blocks=197132288
***5962 block groups
***32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
***16384 inodes per group
***Superblock backups stored on blocks:
*** 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
*** 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
*** 102400000
***Writing inode tables: done
***Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
***Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
***This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
***180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
sudo fdisk -l
***Disk /dev/hda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
***137 heads, 8 sectors/track, 285202 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 1096 * 512 = 561152 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/hda1 1 285202 156290692 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/sda: 37.0 GB, 37019566080 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4500 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/sda1 * 1 4314 34652173+ 83 Linux
***/dev/sda2 4315 4500 1494045 5 Extended
***/dev/sda5 4315 4500 1494013+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
***Disk /dev/sdb: 74.3 GB, 74355769344 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9039 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/sdb1 1 1200 9638968+ 83 Linux
***/dev/sdb3 1201 3000 14458500 83 Linux
***/dev/sdb4 3001 9039 48508267+ 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/hde: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/hde1 1 19457 156288321 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/hdf: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/hdf1 1 19457 156288321 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/hdg: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/hdg1 1 19457 156288321 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/hdh: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
***255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
*** Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
***/dev/hdh1 1 19457 156288321 83 Linux
***Disk /dev/md0: 800.1 GB, 800198295552 bytes
***2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 195360912 cylinders
***Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes
***Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table
Finally, make sure you have nothing else running and reboot your computer.
sudo reboot