bkbilly
May 21st, 2009, 10:59 AM
How to install Ubuntu Manually
To install manually Ubuntu you will need to create a new partition and select it to be “swap”. It will be about 256MB
Then create an other which will be “ext3” and in the mount point put “/”. this partition will be about 2GB
Auto mount NTFS partition
sudo mkdir /media/windows
sudo gedit /etc/fstab
put this line in the end of the text (here is an example):
/dev/sda1 /media/windows ntfs-3g defaults,locale=en_US.UTF-8 0 0
In the first bullet you can put any name you want in the place of “Windows” but it has to be the same with the one in the las bullet
The letter of the partition can be found in the program “Partition Editor”
Fix time change on ubuntu-windows switch
sudo gedit /etc/default/rcS
change the UTC from yes to no
Install a 32bit deb package to a 64bit PC
sudo dpkg --force-architecture -i the_package.deb
or
sudo dpkg --force-all -i the_package.deb
Support RAR files
sudo apt-get install unrar
Create RAR files and split them
sudo apt-get install rar
find the file you want and do the following: “Right click → Create Archive → select a name → select .rar → open the Other Options → tick the Split in volumes of and select the size”
Communicate with Windows on LAN (install Samba)
sudo apt-get install samba
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.backup
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
sudo smbpasswd -L -a bkbilly
when it asks for username press enter
sudo smbpasswd -L -e bkbilly
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
Put this line to the [global] section
usershare owner only = False
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Make linux look like MacOS
install visual effects
Go to System → Preferences → Appearance → theme and click Install
Open “Ubuntu Themes” from my directory and install everything inside
Select a theme and then press “Customize” find the tabs “Controls, Window Border, Icons and Pointer” and select what you like
change window buttons place
Press Alt+F2 and type “gconf-editor” and navigate to “apps → metacity → general”
On the right double click “button_layout” and replace with “close,maximize,minimize:menu”
To reverse it write “menu:minimize,maximize,close”
install Avant Window Navigator
sudo apt-get install avant-window-navigator
Once you open AWN from “Applications → Accessories → Avant window Navigator” right click on dock and press “Dock Preferences”
Go to “Themes” and press “Add”
find the “AWN Dock Theme” and install that and press Apply
Create keyboard shortcuts for programs
Ctr+Alt+Delete
Go to “Keyboard Shortcuts” and find “Logout” and delete this shortcut
Press Alt+F2 and type “gconf-editor” and navigate to “apps → metacity”
Select "Global_keybindings" and search for a "run_command_X" value where X is between 1 and 12 and it is not used (i have used run_command_1)
Add this value: <Control><Alt>Delete
Now select "Keybindings_commands" on left tree. Goto "command_X" where X is the same number selected in run_command_X option
Add this value: gnome-system-monitor (For me is command_1)
Roll-Up windows
Press Alt+F2 and type “gconf-editor” and navigate to “apps → metacity → general”
On the right double click “action_middle_click_titlebar” and replace with toggle_shade
The default is “lower”
MSN Messenger (emesene)
The plugins that you need are LibNotify, Logger, Personal Message, Screenshot, Sound, StatusHistory, Tiny URL, Youtube
Install Plugins
download from here: http://www.emesene.org/trac/wiki/Plugins and copy the plugins you want to: ~/.config/emesene1.0/pluginsEmesene/
Install fonts:
sudo nautilus /usr/share/fonts/type1/gsfonts
and copy the fonts you want there
start it minimized
emesene -m
backup settings
copy the directory ~/.config/emesene1.0
Dual Monitor (TwinView)
sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
find the Section “Device” and replace it with this:
Section "Device"
Identifier "TwinView"
Driver "nvidia"
Option "TwinView"
Option "NoLogo" "True"
Option "TwinViewOrientation" "RightOf"
Option "UseEdidFreqs" "True"
Option "MetaModes" "1360x768,1360x768; 1360x768,NULL; NULL,1360x768"
EndSection
To change MetaMode press “Ctrl+Alt++”
Manage Desktop effects
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
To see it go to system → preferences → “Advanced Desktop Effects Settings”
Terminal tips
To install multiple programs together type sudo apt-get install program1 program2 program3
If you don't want to type sudo for having root access just type sudo bash. To have normal access type exit
To have graphical root access to folders type sudo nautilus /path/path
Go to a directory that it has space ie: “ubuntu linux” type: cd /the/directory/you/want/ubuntu\ linux
To see the list of the files in a directory type: ls /directory
To navigate up one directory level type cd ..
To navigate to the previous directory type cd -
Delete a file: rm /directrory/file.pdf Delete directory: rm -R /directory
Copy files from terminal and change name: sudo cp /directory/file.pdf /directory2/file2.pdf replace “cp” with “mv” to move files
See running processes: ps -A
Kill a process: sudo kill ##### or sudo killall #####
Kill a running program: xkill
Eject CD-Rom: eject -T
Auto Shutdown
sudo shutdown -h now
sudo shutdown -h 5
sudo shutdown -h 23:07
Wake On LAN
Go to bios and enable the “Wake On Lan”
sudo apt-get install wakeonlan
wakeonlan 00:13:D4:CE:41:80
You replace this “00:13:D4:CE:41:80” with the MAC Address of the computer you want to wake up
Change NTFS Permissions
sudo apt-get install ntfs-config
Go to “Applications—>System Tools—>NTFS Configuration Tool” and put the permitions you want
System info
sudo apt-get install sysinfo
you can find it from Applications → System Tools → Sysinfo
System Details on your Desktop (Conky)
sudo apt-get install conky hddtemp lm-sensors python-feedparser
sudo chmod u+s /usr/sbin/hddtemp
sudo gedit /etc/default/hddtemp
replace everything inside with the following:
RUN_DAEMON="true"
DISKS_1="/dev/hdc"
DISKS_2="/dev/sda"
DISKS_NOPROBE=""
INTERFACE="127.0.0.1"
PORT="7634"
SYSLOG="10"
OPTIONS=""
copy the files in the folder “Conky” to the home folder. There are some hidden files that they should also be copied.
Open the “.conkyrc” file and find “yourEMAIL” and the “yourPassword” and replace them with your gmail account info.
to start it press Alt+F2 and type “conky”
Install VMWare Workstation
go to http://www.vmware.com/download/ws/ and download the latest version
sudo apt-get install build-essential
cd ...../VMware-Workstation-6.5.2-156735
sudo ./VMware-Workstation-6.5.2-156735.x86_64.bundle
if you have keygen then write this:
chmod +x keygen
./keygen
make the sound work
Haven't tried it
sudo -i
aptitude install alsa-oss
chmod +s /usr/lib/libaoss.so.*
mv /usr/bin/vmware /usr/bin/vmware.orig
echo '#!/bin/bash' > /usr/bin/vmware
echo 'LD_PRELOAD=libaoss.so exec /usr/bin/vmware.orig "$@"' >> /usr/bin/vmware
chmod +x /usr/bin/vmware
exit
Record my desktop
sudo apt-get install gtk-recordmydesktop
you find it from Applications → Sound & Video → gtk-recordMyDesktop
Set as Wallpaper with right click
copy the script “Set as Wallpaper” from my folder to “~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts”
Installing WINE
Download from http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/archive/index.html the latest version and install it
wine iexplore http://www.winehq.org
sudo nautilus /usr/share/wine/fonts
replace the fonts: tahoma.ttf and tahomabd.ttf with the ones of windows
To run a program open console and then press:
wine start program.exe
To save files from wine install them in “My Documents” or “Desktop”
Create your own custom Ubuntu
echo "deb http://www.remastersys.klikit-linux.com/repository remastersys/" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install remastersys
sudo remastersys
This command will take a while:
sudo remastersys dist
When it is over it will be created this file: “/home/remastersys/customdist.iso” that you will burn it on a CD
To remove the files that have been created, type “sudo remastersys clean”
Backup and Restore Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install sbackup
To Backup your system go to “System → Administration → Simple Backup Config”
To Restore your system go to “System → Administration → Simple Backup Restore”
Convert a Video
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
ffmpeg -i input.avi -ar 22050 -r 25 -ab 32k -t 15.4 -s 320x240 output.avi
Options:
-i → the video you want to convert
-r → framerate
-s → resolution of the video
-t → how much time you want to convert
-sameq → same quality
-ab → audio bitrate
-ar → audio frequency
for more info click here (http://ffmpeg.mplayerhq.hu/ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC17)
Put a Watermark on a Video
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
ffmpeg -i input.avi -vhook "/usr/lib/vhook/drawtext.so -f /the/path/of/your/font/comic.ttf -x 5 -y 5 -t YourText -s 30" -sameq output.avi
Options:
-s <size> → font size
-x <pos> -y <pos> → position of the watermark
-t <text> → the text you want to display
-o → outline glyphs
-c <#RRGGBB> → color of the text
Autorun Programs
System → Preferences → Sessions
Press the button Add
You type the program to the Command
If you want you can put a name and a Comment
To find the Command of a program do the following:
Right click on Applications → Edit Menus → Find the program → Right click on program → Properties
How to auto login to your account
System → Administration → Login Window →
Security → Enable Automatic Login (Checked) → select the User you want to login
How to allow root user to login
System → Administration → Login Window →
Security → Allow local system administrator login (Checked)
Convert bin/cue files to ISO
sudo apt-get install bchunk
bchunk file.bin file.cue file
Read Greek files in ISO-8859-7
iconv -f WINDOWS-1253 -t UTF-8 file.txt > newfile.txt
or
iconv -f ISO_8859-7 -t UTF-8 file.txt > newfile.txt
to see the type of your file type:
file the_file.txt
Countdown timer applet for GNOME panel
sudo apt-get install timer-applet
to run it right click on GNOME panel → Add to Panel → select Timer
Disable F-Lock and program keys from the keyboard (doesn't work on ubuntu 8.10)
sudo apt-get install keytouch
to run it go to “System → Preferences → KeyTouch”
Openoffice 2.4
Install Greek dictionary
Download the language you want from here
sudo nautilus /usr/lib/openoffice/share/dict/ooo and copy all the files inside the tar file
sudo gedit /usr/lib/openoffice/share/dict/ooo/dictionary.lst
Write in this file DICT el GR el_GR. Replace it with the ones of your language
Backup settings
go to ~/openoffice.org2 and copy the folder user folder where you want to save it.
OpenOffice 3 beta (64bit)
Install Application
firefox "http://openoffice.bouncer.osuosl.org/?product=OpenOffice.org&os=linuxx86-64deb&lang=en-US&version=3.0.0"
tar xzf ~/OOo_3.0.0_LinuxX86-64_install_en-US_deb.tar.gz
sudo dpkg -i ~/OOO300_m9_native_packed-1_en-US.9358/DEBS/*.deb
sudo apt-get install ia32-libs
sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jre ia32-sun-java6-bin
copy the contents of the “Terminal Commands” to /usr/bin
start the program with this command: /opt/openoffice.org3/program/soffice or soffice3
install dictionary
open OpenOffice and go to “Tools → Extension Manager”, press Add and then find your dictionary
backup settings
go to ~/.openoffice.org and copy the folder user folder where you want to save it.
How to open it
if you put this on the Main Menu then you can put the %U like this: ooffice3 -writer %U
ooffice3 -writer Word Processor
ooffice3 -calc Spreadsheet
ooffice3 -impress Presentation
etc....
Install latest, not stable, version of Ubuntu
update-manager -d
How to fix the, switch keyboard layout
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
find Section “InputDevice” and replace it with this:
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
Driver "keyboard"
Option "CoreKeyboard"
Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
Option "XkbLayout" "us,gr"
Option "XkbVariant" ","
Option "XkbOptions" "grp:alt_shift_toggle,grp_led:scroll"
EndSection
Fix login small font size
Choose from the “Login Window Preferences” under the “Local” menu the Human theme which is the default
sudo gedit /usr/share/gdm/themes/Human/Human.xml
and find the “<normal color=......../>” and change the font size
sudo gedit /usr/share/gdm/themes/Human/gtk-2.0/gtkrc
and find the “font_name = .......” and change the font size
Install GDM Theme
Download from here the theme you want and copy the folder you downloaded to “/usr/share/gdm/themes/”
Ubuntu-system-panel
sudo apt-get install subversion
svn checkout http://ubuntu-system-panel.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ ubuntu-system-panel
cd ubuntu-system-panel
./usp_update install fresh
for 64 bit you will need one more step
sudo cp /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/usp/plugins/_keybind64.so _keybinder.so
Write CD/DVD
you have two options
1. Go to “Places → CD/DVD Creator” and drag your files in the window and press the button “Write to Disc”
2. Go to “Applications → Sound & Video → Brasero Disc Burning”
Remove partitions from desktop
Press Alt+F2 and type “gconf-editor” and navigate to “apps → nautilus → desktop”
From the right deselect the “volumes_visible”
Audio Player (MP3)
sudo apt-get install amarok
a nice OSD Preview is:
%title (%length)
%artist {- %year}
backup settings
copy the directory ~/.kde/share/apps/amarok
Create Panoramic photograph
sudo apt-get install hugin
you can find it from “Applications → Graphics → Hugin panorama creator”
Greek-English Dictionary (Magenta)
go to this page: http://www.magenta.gr/gr/lexicon_gold_linux/ and download the deb file
Typing tutor over terminal
sudo apt-get install gtypist
to run it type gtypist
to run it in silent mode type: gtypist -s
to run it with custom error percentage type (0 – 100): gtypist -e 15
Audio Editor
sudo apt-get install audacity
after you install it, run it and go to “Edit → Preferences → go to tab Audio 1/0 and change the playback and recording to ALSA: default”
you can also install a more difficult program that is much better: sudo apt-get install ardour
Programming Compiler
sudo apt-get install geany
sudo apt-get install fp-compiler
this program is for lots of programming languages
Programming like Visual Basic 6
It is called Gambas and can be downloaded from here (http://gambas.sourceforge.net/)
Install Abyss Web Server x1
wget http://www.aprelium.com/data/abwsx1.tgz
tar xvfz abwsx1.tgz
rm abwsx1.tgz
cd abyssws
./abyssws
Press CTRL+C to stop Abyss Web Server
sudo ./autostart-setup install
It will automatically start on startup but to run it yourself execute sudo /etc/init.d/abyssws start
To open the page of Abyss Web Server go to http://127.0.0.1:9999
FTP Server
You will need the gproftpd that you will find it from here: http://debian.cs.binghamton.edu/debian/pool/main/g/gadmin-proftpd/
To run it type on terminal: sudo gadmin-proftpd
Install telnet Server
sudo apt-get install telnetd
sudo /etc/init.d/openbsd-inetd restart
If you want to connect ubuntu with an other pc with telnet type: telnet 192.168.0.1
If you have windows and you want to connect to a telnet server you will have to use: putty or teraterm or something else
Install SSH Server
What to do on linux
apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client
If you want to connect ubuntu with an other pc with telnet type: ssh user@your-server-ip-address
What to do on windows
Download the PuTTY from here: http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html
Run it and put in the “Host Name (or IP address)” the ip of your linux pc and press Open
How to support Greek
Open PuTTY and go to “Window → Translation”
In the list of encodings, select “UTF-8”
How to run GUI applications
Download the “Xming” from here: http://sourceforge.net/projects/xming
Install it and run it. (it will run in the background)
Go to PuTTY and put the settings you want. You must also go to “Connection → SSH → X11”
there you must tick the “Enable X11 forwarding” and place in the text of “X display location” the “localhost:0”
Create Proxy server
sudo apt-get install squid
sudo cp /etc/squid/squid.conf /etc/squid/squid.conf.backup
sudo gedit /etc/squid/squid.conf
change the http_access deny all to http_access allow all
sudo /etc/init.d/squid restart
change the port:
sudo gedit /etc/squid/squid.conf
find the http_port and change the number. The default is 3128
Batch rename files
sudo apt-get install krename
to run it go to “Applications → Accessories → Krename”
How to drag and drop files to a location like windows
ubuntu has replaced the right click drag and drop with the middle click
Install Kubuntu on Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
you can change the session you want from the login screen
Install Gnome-Do
sudo apt-get install gnome-do
Font Viewer
sudo apt-get install gnome-specimen
Remove shadow from gnome panel if you use Compiz
go to “System → Preferences → CompizConfig Settings Manager”
then go to “Window Decoration”
find the “Shadow windows” and replace the “any” to “!title=Expanded Edge Panel” without the quotes and it's ready
Find the color you want
sudo apt-get install gcolor2
Mount image file to see it as a directory
Go to http://www.getdeb.net/app/AcetoneISO and download the deb file that is suitable for your system.
Partition Editor
sudo apt-get install gparted
Install a package with a link that you can send it
apt:packagename
you put this link on your web browser and it installs the package you want.
You must replace packagename with your own package, e.g. apt:amarok
Capture Tool to take screenshots
echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/gscrot/ubuntu intrepid main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/gscrot/ubuntu intrepid main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gscrot
Desktop terminal
sudo apt-get install devilspie
mkdir ~/.devilspie
gedit ~/.devilspie/DesktopConsole.ds
paste the following
(if(matches (window_name) "DesktopConsole") (begin(set_workspace 2)
(below)(undecorate)(skip_pager)(skip_tasklist)(win type "utility")))
open terminal and go to “Edit → Profiles → New”
in the Profile name put “terminal” and press “Create”
select the profile “terminal” and press “Edit”
in “General” tab untick the “Show menubar by default in new terminals”
in “Title and Commands” tab replace the title with “DesktopConsole”
in the “Background” tab select the “Transparent background” and go the bar to “None”
in the “Scrolling” tab find the “Scrollbar is:” and select the “Disabled” from the drop down menu
go to “System → Preferences → Sessions” and press “Add” and put in the Command the “devilspie”
Press again Add and pun in the Command the gnome-terminal --geometry=80x15+300+50 --window-with-profile=terminal
Play MP3 files through terminal
sudo apt-get install vlc
go to the directory of the mp3 files
vlc -I ncurses filename.mp3
or
vlc -I ncurses *.mp3
you can find the help menu by pressing “m”
Install Microsoft fonts on ubuntu
sudo apt-get install msttcorefonts
Rename USB drive
You can rename by GUI with gparted or with terminal by the following instructions:
Mount external usb drive
sudo apt-get install mtools ntfsprogs e2fsprogs jfsutils reiserfsprogs xfsprogs
echo mtools_skip_check=1 >> ~/.mtoolsrc
change FAT16/FAT32 label
sudo mlabel -i <device> ::<label>
change NTFS label
sudo ntfslabel <device> <label>
change ext2/ext3 label
sudo e2label <device> <label>
change JFS label
sudo jfs_tune -L <label> <device>
change ReiserFS (v3) label
sudo reiserfstune -l <label> <device>
change XFS label
xfs_admin -l <label> <device>
<device> =your device /dev/sdxy, ex: /dev/sdd1
<label> =your desired (new) label, ex: my_external
Run a command as root without terminal
create the launcher you want and write in the Command without the < >:
gksudo <your application or command>
Create custom commands on terminal
sudo nautilus /usr/bin
copy the file ooffice, or something else, somewhere and open it with gedit
replace the text with the command you want and save it
then go to the file and change it's name with the command you wish.
Move it back to /usr/bin and it's ready to use!!!
Desktop Terminal with show/hide function
sudo apt-get install tilda
or
sudo apt-get install guake (not for x64)
Terminal with grid
sudo apt-get install terminator
Change File-Type icons
Go to ~/.icons and open the folder of the theme you want to change
find the mimetypes folder and open it
find an Icon you want, and paste it in there
Go to your file you want to change its icon and “Right-Click → Properties → Basic tab”
find the “Type:” and find the text in the parenthesis
the text looks like this: “application/msword”
Copy the text to the icon you copied previously and paste it there.
on the icon name change the “/” to “-”
IP calculator
sudo apt-get install gip
Enable DVD Playback (.VOB)
sudo apt-get install totem-xine libxine1-ffmpeg libdvdread3
sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/install-css.sh
Insert a DVD into your drive and open it with Totem
Create Document (Install templates)
Copy the contents of the Templates folder to ~/Templates.
If this folder doesn't exist, then do the following:
mkdir ~/Templates
gedit ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs
find the XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/" and change it to XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/Templates"
Copy the contents of the Templates folder to ~/Templates or download from internet
Nautilus Scripts
1.Copy from my folder the “nautilus-scripts” to “~/.gnome2”
2.or download from internet and paste them in the “~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts”
Desktop Widgets (Screenlets)
sudo apt-get install screenlets
To run it go to “Applications → Accessories → Screenlets”
Sync a folder with an other (like windows briefcase)
you have 2 options:
1.sudo apt-get install grsync
2.copy the “Sync Iriver” script from my folder to “~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts” and edit it
Device manager
There are two programs for device manager that can be found here: “Applications → System Tools”
1.sudo apt-get install kde-hal-device-manager
2.sudo apt-get install gnome-device-manager
Install Amarok 2 on Ubuntu (not stable)
echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-members-kde4/ubuntu intrepid main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
I enabled the prereleased and unsupported updates in the “software sources” and then I was able to update kdelibs and subsequently amarok to v2
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install amarok-kde4
Mail server (Send messages to an other ubuntu user)
sudo apt-get install mailx
Read messages:
mailx
press the number of massage
Send message to user:
mailx <user>
write a subject
write your message
press Ctrl+D
Network Monitor
sudo apt-get install iptraf
to run it type:
sudo iptraf
My folder can be downloaded from here (http://rapidshare.com/files/235564583/ubuntu-my-folder.tar.gz)
The same info are in my folder in an odt file.
I couldn't upload the file here, so I uploaded it to rapidshare.
Can anybody try to upload it for me? thanks!
To install manually Ubuntu you will need to create a new partition and select it to be “swap”. It will be about 256MB
Then create an other which will be “ext3” and in the mount point put “/”. this partition will be about 2GB
Auto mount NTFS partition
sudo mkdir /media/windows
sudo gedit /etc/fstab
put this line in the end of the text (here is an example):
/dev/sda1 /media/windows ntfs-3g defaults,locale=en_US.UTF-8 0 0
In the first bullet you can put any name you want in the place of “Windows” but it has to be the same with the one in the las bullet
The letter of the partition can be found in the program “Partition Editor”
Fix time change on ubuntu-windows switch
sudo gedit /etc/default/rcS
change the UTC from yes to no
Install a 32bit deb package to a 64bit PC
sudo dpkg --force-architecture -i the_package.deb
or
sudo dpkg --force-all -i the_package.deb
Support RAR files
sudo apt-get install unrar
Create RAR files and split them
sudo apt-get install rar
find the file you want and do the following: “Right click → Create Archive → select a name → select .rar → open the Other Options → tick the Split in volumes of and select the size”
Communicate with Windows on LAN (install Samba)
sudo apt-get install samba
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.backup
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
sudo smbpasswd -L -a bkbilly
when it asks for username press enter
sudo smbpasswd -L -e bkbilly
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
Put this line to the [global] section
usershare owner only = False
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Make linux look like MacOS
install visual effects
Go to System → Preferences → Appearance → theme and click Install
Open “Ubuntu Themes” from my directory and install everything inside
Select a theme and then press “Customize” find the tabs “Controls, Window Border, Icons and Pointer” and select what you like
change window buttons place
Press Alt+F2 and type “gconf-editor” and navigate to “apps → metacity → general”
On the right double click “button_layout” and replace with “close,maximize,minimize:menu”
To reverse it write “menu:minimize,maximize,close”
install Avant Window Navigator
sudo apt-get install avant-window-navigator
Once you open AWN from “Applications → Accessories → Avant window Navigator” right click on dock and press “Dock Preferences”
Go to “Themes” and press “Add”
find the “AWN Dock Theme” and install that and press Apply
Create keyboard shortcuts for programs
Ctr+Alt+Delete
Go to “Keyboard Shortcuts” and find “Logout” and delete this shortcut
Press Alt+F2 and type “gconf-editor” and navigate to “apps → metacity”
Select "Global_keybindings" and search for a "run_command_X" value where X is between 1 and 12 and it is not used (i have used run_command_1)
Add this value: <Control><Alt>Delete
Now select "Keybindings_commands" on left tree. Goto "command_X" where X is the same number selected in run_command_X option
Add this value: gnome-system-monitor (For me is command_1)
Roll-Up windows
Press Alt+F2 and type “gconf-editor” and navigate to “apps → metacity → general”
On the right double click “action_middle_click_titlebar” and replace with toggle_shade
The default is “lower”
MSN Messenger (emesene)
The plugins that you need are LibNotify, Logger, Personal Message, Screenshot, Sound, StatusHistory, Tiny URL, Youtube
Install Plugins
download from here: http://www.emesene.org/trac/wiki/Plugins and copy the plugins you want to: ~/.config/emesene1.0/pluginsEmesene/
Install fonts:
sudo nautilus /usr/share/fonts/type1/gsfonts
and copy the fonts you want there
start it minimized
emesene -m
backup settings
copy the directory ~/.config/emesene1.0
Dual Monitor (TwinView)
sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
find the Section “Device” and replace it with this:
Section "Device"
Identifier "TwinView"
Driver "nvidia"
Option "TwinView"
Option "NoLogo" "True"
Option "TwinViewOrientation" "RightOf"
Option "UseEdidFreqs" "True"
Option "MetaModes" "1360x768,1360x768; 1360x768,NULL; NULL,1360x768"
EndSection
To change MetaMode press “Ctrl+Alt++”
Manage Desktop effects
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
To see it go to system → preferences → “Advanced Desktop Effects Settings”
Terminal tips
To install multiple programs together type sudo apt-get install program1 program2 program3
If you don't want to type sudo for having root access just type sudo bash. To have normal access type exit
To have graphical root access to folders type sudo nautilus /path/path
Go to a directory that it has space ie: “ubuntu linux” type: cd /the/directory/you/want/ubuntu\ linux
To see the list of the files in a directory type: ls /directory
To navigate up one directory level type cd ..
To navigate to the previous directory type cd -
Delete a file: rm /directrory/file.pdf Delete directory: rm -R /directory
Copy files from terminal and change name: sudo cp /directory/file.pdf /directory2/file2.pdf replace “cp” with “mv” to move files
See running processes: ps -A
Kill a process: sudo kill ##### or sudo killall #####
Kill a running program: xkill
Eject CD-Rom: eject -T
Auto Shutdown
sudo shutdown -h now
sudo shutdown -h 5
sudo shutdown -h 23:07
Wake On LAN
Go to bios and enable the “Wake On Lan”
sudo apt-get install wakeonlan
wakeonlan 00:13:D4:CE:41:80
You replace this “00:13:D4:CE:41:80” with the MAC Address of the computer you want to wake up
Change NTFS Permissions
sudo apt-get install ntfs-config
Go to “Applications—>System Tools—>NTFS Configuration Tool” and put the permitions you want
System info
sudo apt-get install sysinfo
you can find it from Applications → System Tools → Sysinfo
System Details on your Desktop (Conky)
sudo apt-get install conky hddtemp lm-sensors python-feedparser
sudo chmod u+s /usr/sbin/hddtemp
sudo gedit /etc/default/hddtemp
replace everything inside with the following:
RUN_DAEMON="true"
DISKS_1="/dev/hdc"
DISKS_2="/dev/sda"
DISKS_NOPROBE=""
INTERFACE="127.0.0.1"
PORT="7634"
SYSLOG="10"
OPTIONS=""
copy the files in the folder “Conky” to the home folder. There are some hidden files that they should also be copied.
Open the “.conkyrc” file and find “yourEMAIL” and the “yourPassword” and replace them with your gmail account info.
to start it press Alt+F2 and type “conky”
Install VMWare Workstation
go to http://www.vmware.com/download/ws/ and download the latest version
sudo apt-get install build-essential
cd ...../VMware-Workstation-6.5.2-156735
sudo ./VMware-Workstation-6.5.2-156735.x86_64.bundle
if you have keygen then write this:
chmod +x keygen
./keygen
make the sound work
Haven't tried it
sudo -i
aptitude install alsa-oss
chmod +s /usr/lib/libaoss.so.*
mv /usr/bin/vmware /usr/bin/vmware.orig
echo '#!/bin/bash' > /usr/bin/vmware
echo 'LD_PRELOAD=libaoss.so exec /usr/bin/vmware.orig "$@"' >> /usr/bin/vmware
chmod +x /usr/bin/vmware
exit
Record my desktop
sudo apt-get install gtk-recordmydesktop
you find it from Applications → Sound & Video → gtk-recordMyDesktop
Set as Wallpaper with right click
copy the script “Set as Wallpaper” from my folder to “~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts”
Installing WINE
Download from http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/archive/index.html the latest version and install it
wine iexplore http://www.winehq.org
sudo nautilus /usr/share/wine/fonts
replace the fonts: tahoma.ttf and tahomabd.ttf with the ones of windows
To run a program open console and then press:
wine start program.exe
To save files from wine install them in “My Documents” or “Desktop”
Create your own custom Ubuntu
echo "deb http://www.remastersys.klikit-linux.com/repository remastersys/" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install remastersys
sudo remastersys
This command will take a while:
sudo remastersys dist
When it is over it will be created this file: “/home/remastersys/customdist.iso” that you will burn it on a CD
To remove the files that have been created, type “sudo remastersys clean”
Backup and Restore Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install sbackup
To Backup your system go to “System → Administration → Simple Backup Config”
To Restore your system go to “System → Administration → Simple Backup Restore”
Convert a Video
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
ffmpeg -i input.avi -ar 22050 -r 25 -ab 32k -t 15.4 -s 320x240 output.avi
Options:
-i → the video you want to convert
-r → framerate
-s → resolution of the video
-t → how much time you want to convert
-sameq → same quality
-ab → audio bitrate
-ar → audio frequency
for more info click here (http://ffmpeg.mplayerhq.hu/ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC17)
Put a Watermark on a Video
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
ffmpeg -i input.avi -vhook "/usr/lib/vhook/drawtext.so -f /the/path/of/your/font/comic.ttf -x 5 -y 5 -t YourText -s 30" -sameq output.avi
Options:
-s <size> → font size
-x <pos> -y <pos> → position of the watermark
-t <text> → the text you want to display
-o → outline glyphs
-c <#RRGGBB> → color of the text
Autorun Programs
System → Preferences → Sessions
Press the button Add
You type the program to the Command
If you want you can put a name and a Comment
To find the Command of a program do the following:
Right click on Applications → Edit Menus → Find the program → Right click on program → Properties
How to auto login to your account
System → Administration → Login Window →
Security → Enable Automatic Login (Checked) → select the User you want to login
How to allow root user to login
System → Administration → Login Window →
Security → Allow local system administrator login (Checked)
Convert bin/cue files to ISO
sudo apt-get install bchunk
bchunk file.bin file.cue file
Read Greek files in ISO-8859-7
iconv -f WINDOWS-1253 -t UTF-8 file.txt > newfile.txt
or
iconv -f ISO_8859-7 -t UTF-8 file.txt > newfile.txt
to see the type of your file type:
file the_file.txt
Countdown timer applet for GNOME panel
sudo apt-get install timer-applet
to run it right click on GNOME panel → Add to Panel → select Timer
Disable F-Lock and program keys from the keyboard (doesn't work on ubuntu 8.10)
sudo apt-get install keytouch
to run it go to “System → Preferences → KeyTouch”
Openoffice 2.4
Install Greek dictionary
Download the language you want from here
sudo nautilus /usr/lib/openoffice/share/dict/ooo and copy all the files inside the tar file
sudo gedit /usr/lib/openoffice/share/dict/ooo/dictionary.lst
Write in this file DICT el GR el_GR. Replace it with the ones of your language
Backup settings
go to ~/openoffice.org2 and copy the folder user folder where you want to save it.
OpenOffice 3 beta (64bit)
Install Application
firefox "http://openoffice.bouncer.osuosl.org/?product=OpenOffice.org&os=linuxx86-64deb&lang=en-US&version=3.0.0"
tar xzf ~/OOo_3.0.0_LinuxX86-64_install_en-US_deb.tar.gz
sudo dpkg -i ~/OOO300_m9_native_packed-1_en-US.9358/DEBS/*.deb
sudo apt-get install ia32-libs
sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jre ia32-sun-java6-bin
copy the contents of the “Terminal Commands” to /usr/bin
start the program with this command: /opt/openoffice.org3/program/soffice or soffice3
install dictionary
open OpenOffice and go to “Tools → Extension Manager”, press Add and then find your dictionary
backup settings
go to ~/.openoffice.org and copy the folder user folder where you want to save it.
How to open it
if you put this on the Main Menu then you can put the %U like this: ooffice3 -writer %U
ooffice3 -writer Word Processor
ooffice3 -calc Spreadsheet
ooffice3 -impress Presentation
etc....
Install latest, not stable, version of Ubuntu
update-manager -d
How to fix the, switch keyboard layout
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
find Section “InputDevice” and replace it with this:
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
Driver "keyboard"
Option "CoreKeyboard"
Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
Option "XkbLayout" "us,gr"
Option "XkbVariant" ","
Option "XkbOptions" "grp:alt_shift_toggle,grp_led:scroll"
EndSection
Fix login small font size
Choose from the “Login Window Preferences” under the “Local” menu the Human theme which is the default
sudo gedit /usr/share/gdm/themes/Human/Human.xml
and find the “<normal color=......../>” and change the font size
sudo gedit /usr/share/gdm/themes/Human/gtk-2.0/gtkrc
and find the “font_name = .......” and change the font size
Install GDM Theme
Download from here the theme you want and copy the folder you downloaded to “/usr/share/gdm/themes/”
Ubuntu-system-panel
sudo apt-get install subversion
svn checkout http://ubuntu-system-panel.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ ubuntu-system-panel
cd ubuntu-system-panel
./usp_update install fresh
for 64 bit you will need one more step
sudo cp /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/usp/plugins/_keybind64.so _keybinder.so
Write CD/DVD
you have two options
1. Go to “Places → CD/DVD Creator” and drag your files in the window and press the button “Write to Disc”
2. Go to “Applications → Sound & Video → Brasero Disc Burning”
Remove partitions from desktop
Press Alt+F2 and type “gconf-editor” and navigate to “apps → nautilus → desktop”
From the right deselect the “volumes_visible”
Audio Player (MP3)
sudo apt-get install amarok
a nice OSD Preview is:
%title (%length)
%artist {- %year}
backup settings
copy the directory ~/.kde/share/apps/amarok
Create Panoramic photograph
sudo apt-get install hugin
you can find it from “Applications → Graphics → Hugin panorama creator”
Greek-English Dictionary (Magenta)
go to this page: http://www.magenta.gr/gr/lexicon_gold_linux/ and download the deb file
Typing tutor over terminal
sudo apt-get install gtypist
to run it type gtypist
to run it in silent mode type: gtypist -s
to run it with custom error percentage type (0 – 100): gtypist -e 15
Audio Editor
sudo apt-get install audacity
after you install it, run it and go to “Edit → Preferences → go to tab Audio 1/0 and change the playback and recording to ALSA: default”
you can also install a more difficult program that is much better: sudo apt-get install ardour
Programming Compiler
sudo apt-get install geany
sudo apt-get install fp-compiler
this program is for lots of programming languages
Programming like Visual Basic 6
It is called Gambas and can be downloaded from here (http://gambas.sourceforge.net/)
Install Abyss Web Server x1
wget http://www.aprelium.com/data/abwsx1.tgz
tar xvfz abwsx1.tgz
rm abwsx1.tgz
cd abyssws
./abyssws
Press CTRL+C to stop Abyss Web Server
sudo ./autostart-setup install
It will automatically start on startup but to run it yourself execute sudo /etc/init.d/abyssws start
To open the page of Abyss Web Server go to http://127.0.0.1:9999
FTP Server
You will need the gproftpd that you will find it from here: http://debian.cs.binghamton.edu/debian/pool/main/g/gadmin-proftpd/
To run it type on terminal: sudo gadmin-proftpd
Install telnet Server
sudo apt-get install telnetd
sudo /etc/init.d/openbsd-inetd restart
If you want to connect ubuntu with an other pc with telnet type: telnet 192.168.0.1
If you have windows and you want to connect to a telnet server you will have to use: putty or teraterm or something else
Install SSH Server
What to do on linux
apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client
If you want to connect ubuntu with an other pc with telnet type: ssh user@your-server-ip-address
What to do on windows
Download the PuTTY from here: http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html
Run it and put in the “Host Name (or IP address)” the ip of your linux pc and press Open
How to support Greek
Open PuTTY and go to “Window → Translation”
In the list of encodings, select “UTF-8”
How to run GUI applications
Download the “Xming” from here: http://sourceforge.net/projects/xming
Install it and run it. (it will run in the background)
Go to PuTTY and put the settings you want. You must also go to “Connection → SSH → X11”
there you must tick the “Enable X11 forwarding” and place in the text of “X display location” the “localhost:0”
Create Proxy server
sudo apt-get install squid
sudo cp /etc/squid/squid.conf /etc/squid/squid.conf.backup
sudo gedit /etc/squid/squid.conf
change the http_access deny all to http_access allow all
sudo /etc/init.d/squid restart
change the port:
sudo gedit /etc/squid/squid.conf
find the http_port and change the number. The default is 3128
Batch rename files
sudo apt-get install krename
to run it go to “Applications → Accessories → Krename”
How to drag and drop files to a location like windows
ubuntu has replaced the right click drag and drop with the middle click
Install Kubuntu on Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
you can change the session you want from the login screen
Install Gnome-Do
sudo apt-get install gnome-do
Font Viewer
sudo apt-get install gnome-specimen
Remove shadow from gnome panel if you use Compiz
go to “System → Preferences → CompizConfig Settings Manager”
then go to “Window Decoration”
find the “Shadow windows” and replace the “any” to “!title=Expanded Edge Panel” without the quotes and it's ready
Find the color you want
sudo apt-get install gcolor2
Mount image file to see it as a directory
Go to http://www.getdeb.net/app/AcetoneISO and download the deb file that is suitable for your system.
Partition Editor
sudo apt-get install gparted
Install a package with a link that you can send it
apt:packagename
you put this link on your web browser and it installs the package you want.
You must replace packagename with your own package, e.g. apt:amarok
Capture Tool to take screenshots
echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/gscrot/ubuntu intrepid main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/gscrot/ubuntu intrepid main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gscrot
Desktop terminal
sudo apt-get install devilspie
mkdir ~/.devilspie
gedit ~/.devilspie/DesktopConsole.ds
paste the following
(if(matches (window_name) "DesktopConsole") (begin(set_workspace 2)
(below)(undecorate)(skip_pager)(skip_tasklist)(win type "utility")))
open terminal and go to “Edit → Profiles → New”
in the Profile name put “terminal” and press “Create”
select the profile “terminal” and press “Edit”
in “General” tab untick the “Show menubar by default in new terminals”
in “Title and Commands” tab replace the title with “DesktopConsole”
in the “Background” tab select the “Transparent background” and go the bar to “None”
in the “Scrolling” tab find the “Scrollbar is:” and select the “Disabled” from the drop down menu
go to “System → Preferences → Sessions” and press “Add” and put in the Command the “devilspie”
Press again Add and pun in the Command the gnome-terminal --geometry=80x15+300+50 --window-with-profile=terminal
Play MP3 files through terminal
sudo apt-get install vlc
go to the directory of the mp3 files
vlc -I ncurses filename.mp3
or
vlc -I ncurses *.mp3
you can find the help menu by pressing “m”
Install Microsoft fonts on ubuntu
sudo apt-get install msttcorefonts
Rename USB drive
You can rename by GUI with gparted or with terminal by the following instructions:
Mount external usb drive
sudo apt-get install mtools ntfsprogs e2fsprogs jfsutils reiserfsprogs xfsprogs
echo mtools_skip_check=1 >> ~/.mtoolsrc
change FAT16/FAT32 label
sudo mlabel -i <device> ::<label>
change NTFS label
sudo ntfslabel <device> <label>
change ext2/ext3 label
sudo e2label <device> <label>
change JFS label
sudo jfs_tune -L <label> <device>
change ReiserFS (v3) label
sudo reiserfstune -l <label> <device>
change XFS label
xfs_admin -l <label> <device>
<device> =your device /dev/sdxy, ex: /dev/sdd1
<label> =your desired (new) label, ex: my_external
Run a command as root without terminal
create the launcher you want and write in the Command without the < >:
gksudo <your application or command>
Create custom commands on terminal
sudo nautilus /usr/bin
copy the file ooffice, or something else, somewhere and open it with gedit
replace the text with the command you want and save it
then go to the file and change it's name with the command you wish.
Move it back to /usr/bin and it's ready to use!!!
Desktop Terminal with show/hide function
sudo apt-get install tilda
or
sudo apt-get install guake (not for x64)
Terminal with grid
sudo apt-get install terminator
Change File-Type icons
Go to ~/.icons and open the folder of the theme you want to change
find the mimetypes folder and open it
find an Icon you want, and paste it in there
Go to your file you want to change its icon and “Right-Click → Properties → Basic tab”
find the “Type:” and find the text in the parenthesis
the text looks like this: “application/msword”
Copy the text to the icon you copied previously and paste it there.
on the icon name change the “/” to “-”
IP calculator
sudo apt-get install gip
Enable DVD Playback (.VOB)
sudo apt-get install totem-xine libxine1-ffmpeg libdvdread3
sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/install-css.sh
Insert a DVD into your drive and open it with Totem
Create Document (Install templates)
Copy the contents of the Templates folder to ~/Templates.
If this folder doesn't exist, then do the following:
mkdir ~/Templates
gedit ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs
find the XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/" and change it to XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/Templates"
Copy the contents of the Templates folder to ~/Templates or download from internet
Nautilus Scripts
1.Copy from my folder the “nautilus-scripts” to “~/.gnome2”
2.or download from internet and paste them in the “~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts”
Desktop Widgets (Screenlets)
sudo apt-get install screenlets
To run it go to “Applications → Accessories → Screenlets”
Sync a folder with an other (like windows briefcase)
you have 2 options:
1.sudo apt-get install grsync
2.copy the “Sync Iriver” script from my folder to “~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts” and edit it
Device manager
There are two programs for device manager that can be found here: “Applications → System Tools”
1.sudo apt-get install kde-hal-device-manager
2.sudo apt-get install gnome-device-manager
Install Amarok 2 on Ubuntu (not stable)
echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-members-kde4/ubuntu intrepid main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
I enabled the prereleased and unsupported updates in the “software sources” and then I was able to update kdelibs and subsequently amarok to v2
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install amarok-kde4
Mail server (Send messages to an other ubuntu user)
sudo apt-get install mailx
Read messages:
mailx
press the number of massage
Send message to user:
mailx <user>
write a subject
write your message
press Ctrl+D
Network Monitor
sudo apt-get install iptraf
to run it type:
sudo iptraf
My folder can be downloaded from here (http://rapidshare.com/files/235564583/ubuntu-my-folder.tar.gz)
The same info are in my folder in an odt file.
I couldn't upload the file here, so I uploaded it to rapidshare.
Can anybody try to upload it for me? thanks!