PDA

View Full Version : [ubuntu] new to ubuntu



Drowning_Child
December 26th, 2008, 09:26 AM
im looking for some help for an absolute beginner, and i mean absolute!

RomeReactor
December 26th, 2008, 09:30 AM
Hi. It helps to give your posts more meaningful titles, such as "trouble installing printer in Ubuntu 64-bit". Please give us more information regarding your problem.

sayems
December 26th, 2008, 09:32 AM
Install everything on Ubuntu with
***********************************
* http://appnr.com/

* http://www.playdeb.net/

* http://www.getdeb.net/


Some of the things you can do after installing ubuntu on your machine .

1.Putting your repositories in order
***************************************
$ sudo wget http://www.medibuntu.org/sources.list.d/hardy.list -O /etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list

$ wget -q http://packages.medibuntu.org/medibuntu-key.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add - && sudo apt-get update

1.Installing Multimedia codecs for GStreamer
*********************************************
sudo apt-get install faad gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad-multiverse gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly-multiverse gstreamer0.10-pitfdll liblame0

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

sudo apt-get install w32codecs

sudo apt-get install build-essential

3.Avant Window Navigator
**************************
echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/awn-testing/ubuntu hardy main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/awn-testing/ubuntu hardy main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install awn-manager-trunk awn-extras-applets-trunk

4.Installing MPlayer with all codecs and dvd playing support
************************************************** ***********
sudo apt-get install mplayer

sudo apt-get install w32codecs

sudo apt-get install libdvdcss2 libdvdread3 libdvdnav4 build-essential debhelper fakeroot

sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/install-css.sh

5.RealPlayer
************
http://www.real.com/linux/

chmod +x RealPlayer11GOLD.bin

sudo ./RealPlayer11GOLD.bin

6.Flash and Java Support
************************
sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree libflashsupport

sudo apt-get install mozilla-plugin-gnash

sudo apt-get install sun-java6-fonts sun-java6-jre sun-java6-plugin

7.Installing Microsoft fonts package
*************************************
sudo apt-get install msttcorefonts

sudo fc-cache

8.Adobe Reader
**************
sudo apt-get install acroread

9.Installing VLC Player
***********************
sudo apt-get install vlc

10.Ubuntu Tweak
***************
http://www.getdeb.net/app/Ubuntu+Tweak

11.Strata Human 1.0
*******************
https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/8105

12.Midnight Commander
*********************
sudo apt-get install mc

13.Figlet
*********
$ sudo apt-get install figlet

14.Startup Manager
******************
sudo apt-get install startupmanager

15.GParted
**********
sudo apt-get install gparted

16.NumlockX
***********
sudo apt-get install gparted


17.Hamster
**********
sudo apt-get install hamster-applet


18.Free Disk Space from APT’s Cache
***********************************
sudo apt-get autoclean

19.StackSwitch and Wallpaper Plugins with Compiz 0.7.6
************************************************** ****
sudo apt-get install stackswitch

20.How to Install Cursor Themes
*******************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/05/19/how-to-install-cursor-themes/

21.p7zip Adds Built-In 7-Zip Tools to Ubuntu
********************************************
sudo apt-get install p7zip

22.Convert Red Hat/Fedora Packages for Ubuntu/Debian Installation
************************************************** ***************
$sudo alien -k name-of-rpm-file.rpm

23.Global Menu
**************
http://www.downloadsquad.com/2008/02/21/get-mac-style-menus-on-ubuntu-with-global-menu/

24.Enable DVD Playback in Ubuntu in Two Commands
*************************************************
sudo apt-get install totem-xine libxine1-ffmpeg libdvdread3
sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/install-css.sh

25.Howto install gnome-do in Ubuntu Hardy
*****************************************
http://www.ubuntugeek.com/howto-install-gnome-do-in-ubuntu-hardy-and-gutsy.html

29.Turn Your Ubuntu Hardy to Mac OSX Leopard
************************************************** *****
http://maketecheasier.com/turn-your-ubuntu-hardy-to-mac-osx-leopard/2008/07/23

30.Install Google Gadgets for Linux on Ubuntu
*********************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/06/16/install-google-gadgets-for-linux-on-ubuntu/

31.(Optional) btnx Customizes a Multi-Button Mouse for Linux
************************************************** **********
http://lifehacker.com/384698/btnx-customizes-a-multi+button-mouse-for-linux

32.Watch YouTube Clips Inside GNOME's Built-In Movie Player
************************************************** ***
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/04/04/play-youtube-videos-from-the-totem-movie-player/

33.Custom Compiz Effects in Ubuntu 8.04
*****************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/03/27/custom-compiz-effects-in-ubuntu-804/

34.(Optional) Use an OS X-Style Global Menu in Ubuntu
************************************************** *
http://lifehacker.com/359571/use-an-os-x+style-global-menu-in-ubuntu

35.Toggle Desktop Effects with Compiz-Switch
*********************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/01/07/toggle-desktop-effects-with-compiz-switch/

36.Rip DVDs in Linux the (Semi-)Easy Way
**************************************
http://lifehacker.com/software/linux/rip-dvds-in-linux-the-semi+easy-way-330983.php

37.Hide Partition Icons on GNOME Desktops
**************************************
http://lifehacker.com/software/linux-tip/hide-partition-icons-on-gnome-desktops-316179.php

38.Share a Firefox Profile Between Ubuntu and Windows
********************************************
http://cybernetnews.com/2007/10/24/cybernotes-share-a-firefox-profile-between-ubuntu-and-windows/

39.Banshee Media Player
***************************
http://banshee-project.org/download/

40.Gnome-Do
*************
http://do.davebsd.com/

41.Ubuntu System Panel
*********************
http://code.google.com/p/ubuntu-system-panel/wiki/Installation

1.Slab (Start Menu)
*******************
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Slab

42.Getdeb.net


43.Playdeb - The Gaming Repository for Ubuntu
*******************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2007/10/22/the-apturl-protocol-handler-in-ubuntu-710/

44.Hamster Time Tracking for GNOME
*******************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/08/08/hamster-time-tracking-for-gnome/

45.Replace the System Beep with a Compiz Effect
**********************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/08/04/replace-the-system-beep-with-a-compiz-effect/

46.Free Disk Space from APT’s Cache
**********************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/08/01/free-disk-space-from-apts-cache/

47.Install Three Experimental Compiz Plugins
******************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/07/31/install-three-experimental-compiz-plugins/

48.Launchy Application Launcher Released for Linux
*********************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/07/29/launchy-application-launcher-released-for-linux/

49.Upgrade to the Latest Compiz Fusion Release
********************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/07/25/upgrade-to-the-latest-compiz-fusion-release/

50.StackSwitch and Wallpaper Plugins with Compiz 0.7.6
************************************************** ****
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/07/28/stackswitch-and-wallpaper-plugins-with-compiz-076/

51.Guake Drop-Down Terminal for GNOME
**************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/07/24/guake-drop-down-terminal-for-gnome/

52.Install Google Gadgets for Linux on Ubuntu
*********************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/06/16/install-google-gadgets-for-linux-on-ubuntu/

53.How to Install Cursor Themes
***********************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/05/19/how-to-install-cursor-themes/

54.Enable Commercial DVD Playback in Ubuntu
*********************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/05/13/enable-commercial-dvd-playback-in-ubuntu/

55.Install Extra GNOME Themes
*************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/04/29/install-extra-gnome-themes/

56.Workaround for Pink Shadows with Compiz
**********************************************
sudo ln -sf /usr/lib/nvidia/libwfb.so.xserver-xorg-core /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libwfb.so

57.Vista Basic By drvdw (Desktop Themes)
*******************************************
http://art.gnome.org/themes/metacity/1337

58.Aurora by memo_mapc (Backgrounds/Wallpaper)
************************************************
http://art.gnome.org/backgrounds/abstract/2519

59.OSX (GNOME Icon)
*******************
http://www.gnome-look.org/content/show.php/OSX?content=31618

60.GNOME-colors (GNOME Icon Theme)
**********************************
http://www.gnome-look.org/content/show.php/GNOME-colors?content=82562

1.Show the Computer, Home, and Trash desktop icons in GNOME
************************************************** *********
Alt+F2: gconf-editor
Choose apps->nautilus->desktop.
Tick the box beside computer_icon_visible, home_icon_visible, and trash_icon_visible. The changes take effect immediately.

1.KDE4 Oxygenstyle update
****************************
http://kims-area.com/?q=node/63
Download KDE4 Oxygen GTK theme .DEB

1.KDE Oxygenstyle Wallpaper
**************************
http://pinheiro-kde.blogspot.com/

1.Change Gnome Panel Text Color
*******************************
$ gedit ~/.gtkrc-2.0
style "panel"
{
fg[NORMAL] = "#c6d8e1" #<--edit for panel font color
# fg[PRELIGHT] = "#000000"
# fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff"
# fg[SELECTED] = "#000000"
# fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#8A857C"
# bg[NORMAL] = "#000000"
# bg[PRELIGHT] = "#dfdfdf"
# bg[ACTIVE] = "#D0D0D0"
# bg[SELECTED] = "#D8BB75"

# bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#EFEFEF"
# base[NORMAL] = "#2ef60c" #yellow "#ffffff"
# base[PRELIGHT] = "#f60c22" #dark red "#EFEFEF"
# base[ACTIVE] = "#3c06ff" #blue "#D0D0D0"
base[SELECTED] = "#000000" #"#DAB566"
# base[INSENSITIVE] = "#d8d0b2" #biege "#E8E8E8"
# text[NORMAL] = "#161616"
# text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000"
# text[ACTIVE] = "#000000"
# text[SELECTED] = "#ffffff"
# text[INSENSITIVE] = "#8A857C"
}
widget "*PanelWidget*" style "panel"
widget "*PanelApplet*" style "panel"
class "*Panel*" style "panel"
widget_class "*Applet*" style "panel"
class "*notif*" style "panel"
class "*Notif*" style "panel"
class "*Tray*" style "panel"
class "*tray*" style "panel"

1.Tweak Firefox 3 full screen mode
**********************************
http://mozillalinks.org/wp/2008/06/tweak-firefox-3-full-screen-mode/

1.Ubuntu Cheat Sheet
*********************
http://fosswire.com/2008/04/22/ubuntu-cheat-sheet/

1.A Day Without X
*****************
http://www.terminally-incoherent.com/blog/2007/05/21/a-day-without-x/

1.More terminal programs you should be using … like a pro
************************************************** *******
http://kmandla.wordpress.com/2007/05/17/more-terminal-programs-you-should-be-using-like-a-pro/

1.Paytube: YouTube video converter for Ubuntu Linux
*************************************************
http://www.getdeb.net/release/3057

1.Ultamatix: Install 101 Applications in One click including Games,codecs,applications
************************************************** *********************************
http://www.ubuntugeek.com/ultamatix-install-101-applications-in-one-click-including-gamescodecsapplications.html
Use the Synaptic Package Manager

1.Youtube-dl - Download videos from youtube in Ubuntu
************************************************** *****
http://www.ubuntugeek.com/howto-download-videos-from-youtube-in-ubuntu.html#more-556


1.Ubuntu System Panel Setting
******************************

USP Bottom Text [Start]

Application Width - 230
Application Height - 500

Shortcut Height - 352
Shortcut Width - 180

System Height - 130
System Width - 200

1.Use a Screensaver as Desktop Wallpaper
*****************************************
http://lifehacker.com/software/linux-tip/use-a-screensaver-as-desktop-wallpaper-299410.php

1.Animated Wallpaper with Compiz Fusion on Ubuntu
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2007/09/14/animated-wallpaper-with-compiz-fusion-on-ubuntu/

1.Fix for firefox crashes on flash contents when using libflashsupport in hardy
**********************************************
http://www.ubuntugeek.com/fix-for-firefox-crashes-on-flash-contents-when-using-libflashsupport-in-hardy.html

1.The other Firefox 3 themes
******************************
http://mozillalinks.org/wp/2008/07/the-other-firefox-3-themes/

Install VLC media player 0.9.2 in Ubuntu
******************************************
http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/09/16/install-vlc-media-player-092-in-ubuntu/

Customize Ubuntu A-Z
*********************
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=856190&highlight=panel+background

8 Ways to Maintain a Clean, Lean Ubuntu Machine
************************************************
http://maketecheasier.com/8-ways-to-maintain-a-clean-lean-ubuntu-machine/2008/10/07/



Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex)

Authentication
**************
$ wget -q http://packages.medibuntu.org/medibuntu-key.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
$ wget -q http://playonlinux.botux.net/pol.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
$ wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add -
apt-get update

$ sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

* Replace everything with the following lines

## Intrepid Ibex
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid restricted main multiverse universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-security main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-security restricted main multiverse universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-security universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-security multiverse

## Canonical Partner
#deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner
#deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner

## Ubuntu Tweak
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/tualatrix/ubuntu intrepid main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/tualatrix/ubuntu intrepid main

## Emesene
deb http://apt.emesene.org/ ./

## Skype
deb http://download.skype.com/linux/repos/debian/ stable non-free

## Google software repository
deb http://dl.google.com/linux/deb/ stable non-free

## Banshee
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/banshee-team/ubuntu intrepid main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/banshee-team/ubuntu intrepid main

## Avant Window Navigator
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/awn-testing/ubuntu intrepid main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/awn-testing/ubuntu intrepid main

## GNOME DO
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/do-core/ubuntu intrepid main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/do-core/ubuntu intrepid main

## GScrot
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/gscrot/ubuntu intrepid main

## Terminator
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/gnome-terminator/ubuntu intrepid main

## Compiz Fusion
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/compiz/ubuntu intrepid main

## Firefox
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/fta/ubuntu intrepid main

## Midori
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/stemp/ubuntu intrepid main

## Opera
deb http://deb.opera.com/opera/ lenny non-free

## Hamster
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/hamster.support/ubuntu hardy main

## VLC
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/c-korn/ubuntu intrepid main

## Openoffice.org
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/openoffice-pkgs/ubuntu intrepid main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/openoffice-pkgs/ubuntu intrepid main

## Screenlets
# deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/3rd-party-screenlets-team/ubuntu hardy main
#deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/some-guy:/screenlets/xUbuntu_8.04 ./

## KDE 4
#deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-members-kde4/ubuntu intrepid main

## VirtualBox
# deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian hardy non-free
# deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian intrepid non-free

## Pidgin
# deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/pidgin-developers/ubuntu intrepid main
# deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/reda.ea/ubuntu intrepid main

## Kernel
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/c-korn/ubuntu intrepid main

## PlayDeb
# deb mirror://www.getdeb.net/playdeb-mirror/intrepid/// intrepid/






Top Bookmarks:
****************
* http://lifehacker.com/tag/ubuntu/
* http://synapticism.wordpress.com/2008/08/31/top-7-best-kept-linux-secrets/
* https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/CommandLine
* http://www.easy-ubuntu-linux.com/custom-ubuntu-repositories.html
* https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Medibuntu
* http://tombuntu.com/
* http://blog.lxpages.com/2007/07/11/101-ubuntu-tips-tricks-and-tutorials/
* http://www.ubuntux.org/forums/ubuntu-linux/tips-tricks-customization-0
* http://www.rewardprograms.org/thefreegeek/features/17_musthave_free_apps_for_new_ubuntu_users.html
* http://ubuntulinuxhelp.com/top-100-of-the-best-useful-opensource-applications/
* http://www.catswhocode.com/blog/featured/30-gnome-themes-to-enhance-your-ubuntu-experience-18
* http://www.howtogeek.com/tag/ubuntu/
* http://www.ubuntugeek.com/howto-install-gnome-do-in-ubuntu-hardy-and-gutsy.html
* http://www.getdeb.net/
* http://www.downloadsquad.com/2008/02/21/get-mac-style-menus-on-ubuntu-with-global-menu/
* http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/05/19/how-to-install-cursor-themes/
* http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2008/07/31/install-three-experimental-compiz-plugins/
* http://linux-noob.com/review/smoothwall/express/3/install/index.html
* http://www.linux-tip.net/cms/content/view/316/26/1/0/
* http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1226928
* http://linuxcommand.org/
* http://www.vtc.com/
* http://education-portal.com/articles/10_Sites_Offering_Free_Linux_Courses_Online.html
* http://beginlinux.org/
* http://www.catswhocode.com/blog/featured/20-beautiful-dark-themes-for-gnome-and-ubuntu-418
* http://www.ubuntugeek.com/
* http://gnufreakz.wordpress.com/2008/08/26/how-to-customize-ubuntu/
* http://allforlinux.blogspot.com/2008/08/best-themes-for-ubuntu.html
* http://www.sizzledcore.com/2008/08/09/ubuntu-themes-awesome-themes-for-linux/
* http://dustinkirkland.wordpress.com/2008/09/05/announcing-the-ubuntu-manpage-repository-manpagesubuntucom/
* http://www.tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/index.html
* http://www.dsl.org/cookbook/cookbook_toc.html
* http://ubuntu-rescue-remix.org/node/65
* http://book.opensourceproject.org.cn/distrib/ubuntu/movingtoubuntu/

I got too many of them, you don't need all that, let me know If you guys need tutorial for programming language..

Drowning_Child
December 26th, 2008, 09:32 AM
i have it all installed & every thing i just want to learn all the basics i NEED to know

sayems
December 26th, 2008, 09:35 AM
just play with it you will get to know the basic

RomeReactor
December 26th, 2008, 09:38 AM
You can start with this thread (http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=801404) at the top of the page. More help from the official documentation (https://help.ubuntu.com/8.10/index.html) and the community documentation (https://help.ubuntu.com/community). And you can also press the "Help" button on your desktop to more information.

Drowning_Child
December 26th, 2008, 09:39 AM
ok i want to install the game FoFiX(Frets on fire MFH Mod)
im wondering on how to work with all that
tried this: http://www.fretsonfire.net/forums/viewtopic.php?p=315846
i got an error saying i could not get opengl.gl

RomeReactor
December 26th, 2008, 09:45 AM
Can you give us more information about your computer (graphics card, processor, memory)? Also, please open a terminal (Applications->Accessories->Terminal), run this command:

glxinfo | grep rendering
and post the output.

Drowning_Child
December 26th, 2008, 09:46 AM
tony@tony-desktop:~$ glxinfo | grep rendering
direct rendering: Yes
PC: Pentium 4 HT Duo
Ati9500
512 ram
2 hdds(slave set for ubuntu, main XP)
nothing relly special

RomeReactor
December 26th, 2008, 10:06 AM
Can you post the exact error message you got? It's likely that you need to install certain packages before trying to install the game.

Drowning_Child
December 26th, 2008, 10:18 AM
tony@tony-desktop:~/fofix-read-only$ python FretsOnFire.py
python: can't open file 'FretsOnFire.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
tony@tony-desktop:~/fofix-read-only$ cd / src
tony@tony-desktop:/$ cd /home/tony/fofix-read-only/src
tony@tony-desktop:~/fofix-read-only/src$ python FretsOnFire.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "FretsOnFire.py", line 38, in <module>
from GameEngine import GameEngine
File "/home/tony/fofix-read-only/src/GameEngine.py", line 31, in <module>
from OpenGL.GL import *
ImportError: No module named OpenGL.GL
tony@tony-desktop:~/fofix-read-only/src$ sudo apt-get OpenGL.GL
E: Invalid operation OpenGL.GL
tony@tony-desktop:~/fofix-read-only/src$ sudo apt-get OpenGL.GL
E: Invalid operation OpenGL.GL
tony@tony-desktop:~/fofix-read-only/src$

RomeReactor
December 26th, 2008, 10:28 AM
According to the site you need to have these packages installed:

* python-pygame
* python-opengl
* python-numpy
* python-numeric
* python-imaging
* python-vorbis
* python-ogg
* python-xml

If you don't have them yet, run this to install them:

sudo aptitude install python-pygame python-opengl python-numpy python-numeric python-imaging python-pyvorbis python-ogg python-xml subversion

Then try the game again.

Drowning_Child
December 26th, 2008, 10:39 AM
thank you very very much!
i do not know what i did wrong before that it didnt work.
now i would like help on installing a drive for a harmonix guitar for ps3(goes through a USB wireless)

RomeReactor
December 26th, 2008, 10:48 AM
Did you get the game to run?

As for the guitar, this page (http://fretsonfire.wikidot.com/using-guitar-hero-controller) says you only need to configure it.

Drowning_Child
December 26th, 2008, 10:51 AM
yes it worked i tried setting the keys but nothing it doesnt pick up the presses
edit: nvm tried it and it worked thank you very much

e4uforums
April 13th, 2010, 08:01 PM
According to the site you need to have these packages installed:

* python-pygame
* python-opengl
* python-numpy
* python-numeric
* python-imaging
* python-vorbis
* python-ogg
* python-xml

If you don't have them yet, run this to install them:

sudo aptitude install python-pygame python-opengl python-numpy python-numeric python-imaging python-pyvorbis python-ogg python-xml subversionThen try the game again.

Sorry to post to such an old thread, but I've been messing with this for about an hour now and this solved my problems. Thank you!